Case Studies on ECA-Based Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Pipe Girth Welds Using BS 7910:2005

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad J. Cheaitani
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Welding Residual Stress ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Selection Of

The use of an engineering critical assessment (ECA) approach to derive flaw acceptance criteria for pipe girth welds has become common practice. It allows the maximum tolerable size of weld flaws to be determined on a fitness-for-purpose basis, offering substantial advantages over the conventional workmanship approach. BS 7910:2005 is widely used to derive ECA-based flaw acceptance criteria for pipe girth welds. It offers a flexible assessment framework within the context of the well-established failure assessment diagram (FAD) approach. However, it can be relatively complex to apply and it may lead to assessments that are more conservative than codified pipeline-specific procedures. This paper illustrates, through practical case studies on assessing the significance of circumferential girth weld flaws, some of the options available to the user of BS 7910. The case studies cover the selection of the FAD (generalised or material-specific, with and without yield discontinuity), tensile properties (specified minimum or actual values); fracture toughness properties (single point CTOD values including δ0.2BL and δm, or full CTOD resistance R-curve), and welding residual stress (assumed to be uniform through the pipe wall with a yield strength magnitude, or considered to have a through-wall distribution associated with a specific level of welding heat input).

Formal and computational verification of phonological analyses

Phonology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mans Hulden
Keyword(s):  
Model Checking ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Selection Of

This article presents a selection of methods to analyse, compare, verify and formally prove properties about phonological generalisations. Drawing from both well-known and recent results in the domains of model checking and automata theory, a useful methodology for automating the task of comparing analyses and inventing counterexamples is explored. The methods are illustrated by practical case studies that are intended to both resolve concrete issues and be representative of typical techniques and results.

Rational Limits of High-Low Misalignment in Girth Welds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banglin Liu ◽  
Yong-Yi Wang ◽  
Dan Jia ◽  
Steve Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Acceptance Criteria ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Capacity Reduction ◽  
Girth Welds

Abstract High-low misalignment in girth welds introduces local bending stress and thus can potentially have detrimental effects on the stress capacity of girth welds. However, long-term pipeline service experience demonstrates that high levels of high-low misalignment do not always lead to reductions in the safety and integrity of pipelines. This paper discusses a PRCI-funded work that aimed to understand the impacts of misalignment on the integrity of girth welds and develop rational limits for misalignment for incorporation into existing standards. Two sets of recommendations were developed: (1) recommendations on the incorporation of rational limits for misalignment into workmanship criteria, and (2) recommendations on rational limits for misalignment for application in alternative flaw acceptance criteria, such that those in API 1104 Annex A and CSA Z662 Annex K. The recommendations for the workmanship criteria utilize extra weld reinforcement to compensate for stress capacity reduction due to misalignment. The recommendations consist of minimum values for key weld dimensions for a wide range of pipe wall thicknesses. The recommendations were developed based on a cross-weld tensile (CWT) test program and were validated using targeted finite element analysis (FEA). The recommendations for the application of the engineering critical assessment (ECA) procedures provide a maximum permissible misalignment level, up to which the ECA procedures produce sufficiently conservative flaw acceptance criteria without needing to correct for misalignment. The maximum permissible misalignment was based on comparisons between FEA and the API 1104 Annex A ECA procedures. A concept of a safety margin was introduced to quantify the conservatism built into the Annex A procedures and to derive a maximum allowable misalignment value.

scholarly journals APLIKASI MODEL REGRESI SEMIPARAMETRIK SPLINE TRUNCATED (Studi Kasus: Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Rumah Sakit Puri Raharja)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
NI WAYAN MERRY NIRMALA YANI ◽  
I GUSTI AYU MADE SRINADI ◽  
I WAYAN SUMARJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Semiparametric Regression ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Semiparametric Regression Model ◽  
Selection Of

Semiparametric regression is a regression model that includes parametric components and nonparametric components in a model. The regression model in this research is truncated spline semiparametric regression with case studies of patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) at Puri Raharja Hospital during the period of January to March 2015. The best regression model estimation is obtained from the selection of optimal knots which has minimum Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) is. Parametric components in this research include age (years), body temperature (0C), platelets and hematocrit (%) as a nonparametric component. The minimum value of GCV is 0.03552045 achieved at the point of 39.6 knots, MSE value of 0.0296922; and the value of coefficient determination is 98.91%, obtained from semiparametric regression model truncated linear spline (order 2) with a single point of knots.

The Propaganda Feedback Loop

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler ◽  
Robert Faris ◽  
Hal Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
The Public ◽  
False Reporting ◽  
Media Ecosystem ◽  
Crowd Out ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter presents a model of the interaction of media outlets, politicians, and the public with an emphasis on the tension between truth-seeking and narratives that confirm partisan identities. This model is used to describe the emergence and mechanics of an insular media ecosystem and how two fundamentally different media ecosystems can coexist. In one, false narratives that reinforce partisan identity not only flourish, but crowd-out true narratives even when these are presented by leading insiders. In the other, false narratives are tested, confronted, and contained by diverse outlets and actors operating in a truth-oriented norms dynamic. Two case studies are analyzed: the first focuses on false reporting on a selection of television networks; the second looks at parallel but politically divergent false rumors—an allegation that Donald Trump raped a 13-yearold and allegations tying Hillary Clinton to pedophilia—and tracks the amplification and resistance these stories faced.

Veiling Esther, Unveiling Her Story

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

This book examines the ways in which the biblical book of Esther was read, understood, and used in Muslim lands, from ancient to modern times. It zeroes-in on a selection of case studies, covering works from various periods and regions of the Muslim world, including the Qur’an, premodern historical chronicles and literary works, the writings of a nineteenth-century Shia feminist, a twentieth-century Iranian dictionary, and others. These case studies demonstrate that Muslim sources contain valuable materials on Esther, which shed light both on the Esther story itself and on the Muslim peoples and cultures that received it. The book argues that Muslim sources preserve important, pre-Islamic materials on Esther that have not survived elsewhere, some of which offer answers to ancient questions about Esther, such as the meaning of Haman’s epithet in the Greek versions of the story, the reason why Mordecai refused to prostrate himself before Haman, and the literary context of the “plot of the eunuchs” to kill the Persian king. Furthermore, throughout the book we will see how each author’s cultural and religious background influenced his or her understanding and retelling of the Esther story: In particular, it will be shown that Persian Muslims (and Jews) were often forced to reconcile or choose between the conflicting historical narratives provided by their religious and cultural heritages respectively.

Modernism and Non-Translation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
James Joyce ◽  
Ezra Pound ◽  
Modernist Literature ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Reading Key ◽  
Modernist Fiction ◽  
Selection Of

Modernism and Non-Translation proposes a new way of reading key modernist texts, including the work of canonical figures such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, and Ezra Pound. The topic of this book is the incorporation of untranslated fragments from various languages within modernist writing. It explores non-translation in modernist fiction, poetry, and other forms, with a principally European focus. The intention is to begin to answer a question that demands collective expertise: what are the aesthetic and cultural implications of non-translation for modernist literature? How did non-translation shape the poetics, and cultural politics, of some of the most important writers of this period? Twelve essays by leading scholars of modernism explore American, British, and Irish texts, alongside major French and German writers, and the wider modernist recovery of Classical languages. They explore non-translation from the dual perspectives of both ‘insider’ and ‘outsider’, unsettling that false opposition, and articulating in the process their individuality of expression and experience. The range explored indicates something of the reach and vitality of the matter of translation—and specifically non-translation—across a selection of poetry, fiction, and non-fictional prose, while focusing on mainly canonical voices. Offering a series of case studies, the volume aims to encourage further exploration of connections across languages and among writers. Together, the collection seeks to provoke and extend debate on the aesthetic, cultural, political, and conceptual dimensions of non-translation as an important yet hitherto neglected facet of modernism, helping to redefine our understanding of that movement. It demonstrates the rich possibilities of reading modernism through instances of non-translation.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Brooker ◽  
Margaret Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
Leadership Teams ◽  
Military Leadership ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
The Political ◽  
Unexpected Findings ◽  
Selection Of

The Conclusion points out that the preceding seven chapters’ examples and case studies have revealed some expected, and some unexpected conclusions. The six main cases revealed some expected uniformity in the leaders’ selection of rational methods. There was less uniformity, however, in the choice of the methods they emphasized, whether due to their personal preferences or to the circumstances they were facing. Two unexpected findings were the addition of a seventh appropriate rational method—learning—and the prevalence of dual-leadership teams. The conclusion goes on to suggest that this book’s theory and approach should be applied to versions of military leadership and to the political leadership of contemporary democracies.

scholarly journals Urban Industrial Tourism: Cultural Sustainability as a Tool for Confronting Overtourism—Cases of Madrid, Brussels, and Copenhagen

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Carmen Hidalgo-Giralt ◽  
Antonio Palacios-García ◽  
Diego Barrado-Timón ◽  
José Antonio Rodríguez-Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Urban Tourism ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Cultural Spaces ◽  
Patterns Of Behavior ◽  
Historic City ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Industrial Tourism

The chief objective of this research was to analyze how the industrial heritage of three European capitals—Madrid, Brussels, and Copenhagen—has been integrated into the dynamics of their urban tourism, thereby generating new resources and cultural spaces. In regards to the latter point, this study poses the working hypothesis that industrial heritage can function as a tool for cultural sustainability, which allows for deconcentration away from historic city centers subjected to significant overtourism. To verify this hypothesis, a methodology has been designed based on the selection of specific indicators and the creation of maps, taking as reference data from the Tripadvisor travel portal. The results obtained are truly encouraging, and it would be interesting to expand this study by incorporating new case studies to allow us to discern additional patterns of behavior around urban industrial tourism.

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