Hydraulic Analytical Model of the BOP Control System to Estimate Related Response Times

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Párraga Quispe ◽  
Segen F. Estefen ◽  
Nilo de Moura Jorge ◽  
Marcelo Igor Lourenço Souza
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Equilibrium Pressure ◽  
Campos Basin ◽  
System Equilibrium ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Blowout Preventer ◽  
Surface Test

During activities of ultra-deepwater exploration using drilling vessels an emergency disconnection between Lower Marine Riser Package (LMRP) and Blowout Preventer (BOP) stack could occur due to extreme environmental conditions. The disconnection is not instantaneous; it takes time due to the discharge of pressurized liquid from the system of hydraulic accumulators and the entire process is known as emergency disconnect sequence — EDS. Therefore, estimate the response time of the BOP control system is important to avoid damages that compromise the drillship safe operation. In this study, the BOP control system uses a hydraulic system constituted of accumulator bottles, a pressure regulator, rams, valves, and connectors. This system is considered to estimate the response time of cutting and sealing the BOP. The response time is estimated by applying the theory of fluid mechanics and Bernoulli equation to calculate the system equilibrium pressure. The accumulators are sized according to API 16 D and considered to have adiabatic behavior. Nitrogen is simulated as real gas. The validation of the proposed model is performed by comparison with a surface test for cutting of drill pipe with blind shear ram. The model is applied to a case study for ultra-deepwater in Campos Basin Brazil.

scholarly journals Bilingual speakers' enhanced monitoring can slow them down

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksana Markiewicz ◽  
Ali Mazaheri ◽  
Andrea Krott
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Response Distribution ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Response Time Distributions

Performance differences between bilingual and monolingual participants on conflict tasks can be affected by the balance of various sub-processes such as monitoring and stimulus categorisation. Here we investigated the effect of bilingualism on these sub-processes during a conflict task with medium monitoring demand. We examined the behavioural and evoked potentials from a group of bilingual and monolingual speakers during a flanker task with 25% incongruent trials. We analysed behavioural differences by means of averaged response times and ex-Gaussian analyses of response time distributions. For the evoked potentials we focused on the N2 (implicated to be involved in monitoring) and P300 (implicated to be involved in categorisation) responses. We found that bilinguals had significantly longer response distribution tails compared to monolinguals. Additionally, bilinguals exhibited a more pronounced N2 and smaller P3 components compared to their monolingual counterparts, independent of experimental condition, suggesting enhanced monitoring processes and reduced categorisation effort. Importantly, N2 amplitudes were positively and P3 amplitudes were negatively related to the length of response distribution tails. We postulate that these results reflect an overactive monitoring system in bilinguals in a task of medium monitoring demand. This enhanced monitoring leads to less effortful categorisation, but also occasionally to slow responses. These results suggest that changes of the cognitive control system due to bilingual experience changes the balance of processes during conflict tasks, potentially leading to a small behavioural disadvantage.

scholarly journals Variable Speed Across Dimensions of Ability in the Joint Model for Responses and Response Times

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peida Zhan ◽  
Hong Jiao ◽  
Kaiwen Man ◽  
Wen-Chung Wang ◽  
Keren He
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Joint Model ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Common Assumption ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Specific Skill

Working speed as a latent variable reflects a respondent’s efficiency to apply a specific skill, or a piece of knowledge to solve a problem. In this study, the common assumption of many response time models is relaxed in which respondents work with a constant speed across all test items. It is more likely that respondents work with different speed levels across items, in specific when these items measure different dimensions of ability in a multidimensional test. Multiple speed factors are used to model the speed process by allowing speed to vary across different domains of ability. A joint model for multidimensional abilities and multifactor speed is proposed. Real response time data are analyzed with an exploratory factor analysis as an example to uncover the complex structure of working speed. The feasibility of the proposed model is examined using simulation data. An empirical example with responses and response times is presented to illustrate the proposed model’s applicability and rationality.

scholarly journals An Autoencoder-Based Response Time Model and Its Application in Anomaly Detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqin Pan ◽  
Edison M. Choe
Keyword(s):  
Anomaly Detection ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Response Time Model ◽  
Time Modeling ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Response Time Modeling ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Psychometric Models

Most psychometric models of response times are primarily theory-driven, meaning they are based on various sets of assumptions about how the data should behave. Although useful in certain contexts, such models are often inadequate for the complexities of realistic testing situations and display a poor fit on empirical data. Therefore, as a functional alternative, the present study proposes a data-driven approach, an autoencoder-based response time model, to modeling response times of correctly answered responses. Also, this study introduces the application of the proposed model in anomaly detection (including aberrant examinee and item detection). The result shows this model has an acceptable performance in both response time modeling and anomaly detection.

scholarly journals Stimulus-response time to invasive blood pressure alarms: implications for the safety of critical-care patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Kuckartz Pergher ◽  
Roberto Carlos Lyra da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Hemodynamic Instability ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Invasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Stimulus Response ◽  
The City ◽  
Physical Layout

Observational, descriptive, exploratory, case study with the objective of measuring the stimulus-response time of the team to alarms monitoring invasive blood pressure (IBP) and analyzing the implications of this time for the safety of the patient. From January to March 2013, 60 hours of structured observation were conducted with registration of the alarms activated by IBP monitors in an adult ICU at a military hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro. 76 IBP alarms were recorded (1.26 alarms/hour), 21 of which (28%) were attended to and 55 (72%) considered as fatigued. The average response time to the alarms was 2 min. 45 sec. The deficit in human resource and physical layout were factors determining the delay in response to the alarms. The increase in response times to these alarms may compromise the safety of patients with hemodynamic instability, especially in situations such as shock and the use of vasoactive drugs.

scholarly journals English Speakers’ Implicit Gender Concepts Influence Their Processing of French Grammatical Gender: Evidence for Semantically Mediated Cross-Linguistic Influence

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Nicoladis ◽  
Chris Westbury ◽  
Cassandra Foursha-Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
First Language ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Word Embedding ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
French Words ◽  
L1 English ◽  
French Gender

Second language (L2) learners often show influence from their first language (L1) in all domains of language. This cross-linguistic influence could, in some cases, be mediated by semantics. The purpose of the present study was to test whether implicit English gender connotations affect L1 English speakers’ judgments of the L2 French gender of objects. We hypothesized that gender estimates derived from word embedding models that measure similarity of word contexts in English would affect accuracy and response time on grammatical gender (GG) decision in L2 French. L2 French learners were asked to identify the GG of French words estimated to be either congruent or incongruent with the implicit gender in English. The results showed that they were more accurate with words that were congruent with English gender connotations than words that were incongruent, suggesting that English gender connotations can influence grammatical judgments in French. Response times showed the same pattern. The results are consistent with semantics-mediated cross-linguistic influence.

scholarly journals Glacier volume response time and its links to climate and topography based on a conceptual model of glacier hypsometry

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. B. Raper ◽  
R. J. Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Climate Modelling ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Ablation Volume ◽  
Glacier Terminus ◽  
Volume Response ◽  
Simple Ratio

Abstract. Glacier volume response time is a measure of the time taken for a glacier to adjust its geometry to a climate change. It is currently believed that the volume response time is given approximately by the ratio of glacier thickness to ablation at the glacier terminus. We propose a new conceptual model of glacier hypsometry (area-altitude relation) and derive the volume response time where climatic and topographic parameters are separated. The former is expressed by mass balance gradients which we derive from glacier-climate modelling and the latter are quantified with data from the World Glacier Inventory. Aside from the well-known scaling relation between glacier volume and area, we establish a new scaling relation between glacier altitude range and area, and evaluate it for seven regions. The presence of this scaling parameter in our response time formula accounts for the mass balance elevation feedback and leads to longer response times than given by the simple ratio of glacier thickness to ablation. Volume response times range from decades to thousands of years for glaciers in maritime (wet-warm) and continental (dry-cold) climates, respectively. The combined effect of volume-area and altitude-area scaling relations is such that volume response time can increase with glacier area (Axel Heiberg Island and Svalbard), hardly change (Northern Scandinavia, Southern Norway and the Alps) or even get smaller (The Caucasus and New Zealand).

scholarly journals A High-Stakes Approach to Response Time Effort in Low-Stakes Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-586
Author(s):  
Munevver Ilgun
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Failure Time ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Survival Models ◽  
Accelerated Failure Time ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Educational Stakeholders ◽  
Accelerated Failure Time Models

<p style="text-align: justify;">Response times are one of the important sources that provide information about the performance of individuals during a test process. The main purpose of this study is to show that survival models can be used in educational data. Accordingly, data sets of items measuring literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills of the countries participating in Round 3 of the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies were used. Accelerated failure time models have been analyzed for each country and domain.  As a result of the analysis of the models in which various covariates are included as independent variables, and response time for giving correct answers is included as a dependent variable, it was found the associations between the covariates and response time for giving correct answers were concluded to vary from one domain to another or from one country to another. The results obtained from the present study have provided the educational stakeholders and practitioners with valuable information.</p>

scholarly journals Response Time Distribution Analysis of Semantic and Response Interference in a Manual Response Stroop Task

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Hasshim ◽  
Michelle Downes ◽  
Sarah Bate ◽  
Benjamin A. Parris
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Time Distribution ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Response Time Distribution ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Response Conflict ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Manual Response ◽  
Response Interference

Abstract. Previous analyses of response time distributions have shown that the Stroop effect is observed in the mode (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of the normal part of the distribution, as well as its tail (τ). Specifically, interference related to semantic and response processes has been suggested to specifically affect the mode and tail, respectively. However, only one study in the literature has directly manipulated semantic interference, and none manipulating response interference. The present research aims to address this gap by manipulating both semantic and response interference in a manual response Stroop task, and examining how these components of Stroop interference affect the response time distribution. Ex-Gaussian analysis showed both semantic and response conflict to only affect τ. Analyzing the distribution by rank-ordered response times (Vincentizing) showed converging results as the magnitude of both semantic and response conflict increased with slower response times. Additionally, response conflict appeared earlier on the distribution compared to semantic conflict. These findings further highlight the difficulty in attributing specific psychological processes to different parameters (i.e., μ, σ, and τ). The effect of different response modalities on the makeup of Stroop interference is also discussed.

scholarly journals Who can spot an online romance scam?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica T. Whitty
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consideration Of Future Consequences ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Future Consequences

Purpose This paper aims to examine predictors (personality, belief systems, expertise and response time) of detecting online romance scams. Design/methodology/approach The online study asked 261 participants to rate whether a profile was a scam or a genuine profile. Participants were also asked to complete a personality inventory, belief scales and demographic, descriptive questions. The online study was also designed to measure response time. Findings It was found that those who scored low in romantic beliefs, high in impulsivity, high in consideration of future consequences, had previously spotted a romance scam and took longer response times were more likely to accurately distinguish scams from genuine profiles. Notably, the research also found that it was difficult to detect scams. The research also found that it was important to adapt Whitty’s (2013) “Scammers Persuasive Techniques Model” to include a stage named: “human detection of scam versus genuine profiles”. Originality/value This is the first study, to the author’s knowledge, that examines predictors of human accuracy in detecting romance scams. Dating sites and government e-safety sites might draw upon these findings to help improve human detection and protect users from this financial and psychologically harmful cyberscam.

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