Safe and Fuel-Efficient Voyage Planning for the Northeast Passage by Combining Reliable Ship Performance, Weather and Ice Forecast Models

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Li ◽  
Jonas W. Ringsberg ◽  
Li Ding ◽  
Fransisco Rita ◽  
Nicolas Fournier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Maritime Operations ◽  
Ship Performance

Abstract The Northeast Passage in the Arctic between Europe and Asia offers a significantly shorter voyage compared to the Southern route through the Suez Canal. In 2017, the EU research project “Safe maritime operations under extreme conditions: the Arctic case (SEDNA)” was established to perform a comprehensive analysis of Arctic transit shipping and to promote technical solutions for this purpose. This paper is based on the deliverables of the SEDNA project. A voyage planning tool (VPT) for Arctic applications was developed to plan the optimal route regarding ship’s fuel consumption and safety. One of the most advanced metocean and ice forecast model is utilized to provide comprehensive environmental conditions that are synchronized and will be updated frequently during the voyage. The ship energy system model takes into account the various environmental variables as well as ship’s operational conditions to compute the ship performance in both open and ice infested waters. For Arctic operations, specific ice resistance models are implemented in the VPT, and a user has the options of either relying on icebreaker assistance or going for unassisted navigation in part of the entire Arctic passage. Case study voyages of different ship types, route options, staring time, home/destination ports are simulated to demonstrate how various optimal routes are planned and how the transit time and fuel consumption vary. This information is considered being crucial for ship owners for planning their voyages in advance. The continuously updated voyage information from the VPT is particularly helpful for the ship crew if there are specific ship operations and risk mitigation actions that need to be taken care of during the voyage. In addition, this study underlines that a safe and fuel-efficient Arctic passage requires viable voyage planning tools that combine reliable ship performance with weather and ice forecasts.

scholarly journals Integration of Different Individual Heating Scenarios and Energy Storages into Hybrid Energy System Model of China for 2030

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faizan Tahir ◽  
Haoyong Chen ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan Javed ◽  
Irfan Jameel ◽  
Asad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hybrid Energy System ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Hybrid Energy

Traditional energy supply infrastructures are on the brink of facing a major transformation due to energy security concerns, environment pollution, renewable energy intermittency and fossil fuel scarcity. A hybrid energy system constitutes the integration of different energy carriers like electricity, heat and fuel which play a vital role in addressing the above challenges. Various technological options like combined heat and power, heat pumps, electrolysers and energy storages ease out multiple carrier integration in an energy hub to increase system flexibility and efficiency. This work models the hybrid energy system of China for the year 2030 by using EnergyPLAN. Atmosphere decarbonization is achieved by replacing conventional coal and natural gas boilers with alternative individual heating sources like hydrogen operated micro combined heat and power natural gas micro combined heat and power and heat pumps. Moreover, rockbed storage as well as single and double penstock pumped hydro storages are added in the proposed system in order to cope with the stochastic nature of intermittent renewable energy such as wind and solar photovoltaic. The technical simulation strategy is employed to analyze the optimal combination of energy producing components by determining annual costs, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. The results substantiate that a heat pump and double penstock pumped hydro storage addition to the individual heating and electricity network not only proves to be an economically viable option but also reduces fuel consumption and emissions.

scholarly journals Ice Fog in Arctic During FRAM–Ice Fog Project: Aviation and Nowcasting Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Gultepe ◽  
T. Kuhn ◽  
M. Pavolonis ◽  
C. Calvert ◽  
J. Gurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Ice Fog ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Snow Crystals

Ice fog and frost occur commonly (at least 26% of the time) in the northern latitudes and Arctic regions during winter at temperatures usually less than about –15°C. Ice fog is strongly related to frost formation—a major aviation hazard in the northern latitudes. In fact, it may be considered a more dangerous event than snow because of the stronger aircraft surface adhesion compared to snow particles. In the winter of 2010/11, the Fog Remote Sensing and Modeling–Ice Fog (FRAM-IF) project was organized near Yellowknife International Airport, Northwest Territories, Canada, with the main goals of advancing understanding of ice fog microphysical and visibility characteristics, and improving its prediction using forecast models and remotesensing retrievals. Approximately 40 different sensors were used to measure visibility, precipitation, ice particle spectra, vertical thermodynamic profiles, and ceiling height. Fog coverage and visibility parameters were estimated using both Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite observations. During this project, the inversion layer usually was below a height of 1.5 km. High humidity typically was close to the ground, frequently producing ice fog, frost, and light snow precipitation. At low temperatures, snow crystals can be swept away by a very low wind speed (∼1 m s−1). Ice fog during the project was not predicted by any forecast model. These preliminary results in the northern latitudes suggest that ice fog and frost studies, over the Arctic regions, can help us to better understand ice microphysical processes such as ice nucleation, visibility, and parameterizations of ice fog.

Statistical Forecast Model for Ice-Related Events in the Arctic

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-478
Author(s):  
André April
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Forecast Problem

Abstract This paper presents a statistical ice event forecast model for the Arctic based on Fourier transforms and a mathematical filter. The results indicate that this model compares very well with both a multiple regression model and a human-made forecast. There seems to be a direct link between the period associated with the dominant spectral peak of the Fourier transform and the ease with which the date of events, such as fractures, bergy water, or open water, can be forecast. While useful for the normal timing of events, at this time, none of the current forecast models can predict events that occur before or beyond the usual or historical dates, which poses a forecast problem in the Arctic.

Estimation of Energy Saving for Melting Process on Sewage Sludge

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (10-12) ◽  
pp. 2011-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Murakami ◽  
K. Sasabe ◽  
K. Sasaki ◽  
T. Kawashima
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Cake Moisture ◽  
Very High

The possible volume reduction and stabilization of the sewage sludge associated with the melting process are expected to be greater than with the incineration process. In addition, melted slag can be utilized. However, since the melting process requires a very high temperature to melt inorganics (ash) in the sludge, the technologies to minimize energy consumption, to establish system operation and to prolong durability of facilities should be developed. This paper discusses the auxiliary fuel consumption as follows.(1)Preparation of a model that provides the auxiliary fuel consumption of the melting system on the basis of the mass and heat balances.(2)Evaluation of the auxiliary fuel consumption in the above model using the cake moisture content, the volatile solids of the cake, the dried cake moisture content and the melting temperature as parameters.(3)Examination of the operational conditions for an energy saving melting system based on the results of (1) and (2) above.

OPERA: a New High-Resolution Energy System Model for Sector Integration Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost N. P. van Stralen ◽  
Francesco Dalla Longa ◽  
Bert W. Daniëls ◽  
Koen E. L. Smekens ◽  
Bob van der Zwaan
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Energy System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Sector Integration

scholarly journals A warm jet in a cold ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. MacKinnon ◽  
Harper L. Simmons ◽  
John Hargrove ◽  
Jim Thomson ◽  
Thomas Peacock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Arctic ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Beaufort Gyre ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Initial Evolution ◽  
Forecast Models

AbstractUnprecedented quantities of heat are entering the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean through Bering Strait, particularly during summer months. Though some heat is lost to the atmosphere during autumn cooling, a significant fraction of the incoming warm, salty water subducts (dives beneath) below a cooler fresher layer of near-surface water, subsequently extending hundreds of kilometers into the Beaufort Gyre. Upward turbulent mixing of these sub-surface pockets of heat is likely accelerating sea ice melt in the region. This Pacific-origin water brings both heat and unique biogeochemical properties, contributing to a changing Arctic ecosystem. However, our ability to understand or forecast the role of this incoming water mass has been hampered by lack of understanding of the physical processes controlling subduction and evolution of this this warm water. Crucially, the processes seen here occur at small horizontal scales not resolved by regional forecast models or climate simulations; new parameterizations must be developed that accurately represent the physics. Here we present novel high resolution observations showing the detailed process of subduction and initial evolution of warm Pacific-origin water in the southern Beaufort Gyre.

scholarly journals Time- and component-resolved energy system model of an electric steel mill

2021 ◽  
pp. 100223
Author(s):  
Johannes Dock ◽  
Daniel Janz ◽  
Thomas Kienberger ◽  
Jakob Weiss ◽  
Aaron Marschnig
Keyword(s):  
Energy System ◽  
System Model ◽  
Electric Steel ◽  
Steel Mill ◽  
Energy System Model

scholarly journals Electrochemical Hydrogen Production Powered by PV/CSP Hybrid Power Plants: A Modelling Approach for Cost Optimal System Design

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3437
Author(s):  
Andreas Rosenstiel ◽  
Nathalie Monnerie ◽  
Jürgen Dersch ◽  
Martin Roeb ◽  
Robert Pitz-Paal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Optimal System Design ◽  
Solar Hydrogen Production ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting ◽  
Climate Neutrality

Global trade of green hydrogen will probably become a vital factor in reaching climate neutrality. The sunbelt of the Earth has a great potential for large-scale hydrogen production. One promising pathway to solar hydrogen is to use economically priced electricity from photovoltaics (PV) for electrochemical water splitting. However, storing electricity with batteries is still expensive and without storage only a small operating capacity of electrolyser systems can be reached. Combining PV with concentrated solar power (CSP) and thermal energy storage (TES) seems a good pathway to reach more electrolyser full load hours and thereby lower levelized costs of hydrogen (LCOH). This work introduces an energy system model for finding cost-optimal designs of such PV/CSP hybrid hydrogen production plants based on a global optimization algorithm. The model includes an operational strategy which improves the interplay between PV and CSP part, allowing also to store PV surplus electricity as heat. An exemplary study for stand-alone hydrogen production with an alkaline electrolyser (AEL) system is carried out. Three different locations with different solar resources are considered, regarding the total installed costs (TIC) to obtain realistic LCOH values. The study shows that a combination of PV and CSP is an auspicious concept for large-scale solar hydrogen production, leading to lower costs than using one of the technologies on its own. For today’s PV and CSP costs, minimum levelized costs of hydrogen of 4.04 USD/kg were determined for a plant located in Ouarzazate (Morocco). Considering the foreseen decrease in PV and CSP costs until 2030, cuts the LCOH to 3.09 USD/kg while still a combination of PV and CSP is the most economic system.

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