Study of Humid Air Gas Turbine System by Experiment and Analysis

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Takahashi ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Takashi Eta
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air

Humid air gas turbine systems that are regenerative cycle using humidified air can achieve higher thermal efficiency than gas turbine combined cycle power plant (GTCC) even though they do not require a steam turbine, a high combustion temperature, or a high pressure ratio. In particular, the advanced humid air gas turbine (AHAT) system appears to be highly suitable for practical use because its composition is simpler than that of other systems. Moreover, the difference in thermal efficiency between AHAT and GTCC is greater for small and medium-size gas turbines. To verify the system concept and the cycle performance of the AHAT system, a 3MW-class pilot plant was constructed that consists of a gas turbine with a two-stage centrifugal compressor, a two-stage axial turbine, a reverse-flow-type single-can combustor, a recuperator, a humidification tower, a water recovery tower, and other components. As a result of an operation test, the planned power output of 3.6MW was achieved, so that it has been confirmed the feasibility of the AHAT as a power-generating system. In this study, running tests on the AHAT pilot plant is carried out over one year, and various characteristics such as the effect of changes in ambient temperature, part-load characteristics, and start-up characteristics were clarified by analyzing the data obtained from the running tests.

Performance Analysis of a 40mw Class Advanced Humid Air Turbine Pilot Plant

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Toru Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
System A ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Operational Test

Recently, high efficiency and operational flexibility are required for thermal power plants to reduce CO2 emissions and to introduce renewable energy sources. We study the advanced humid air turbine (AHAT) system, which appears to be high suitable for practical use because its configuration is simpler than that of gas turbine combined cycle power plants (GTCCs). Moreover, the thermal efficiency of AHAT system for small and medium-size gas turbines is higher than that of GTCCs. To verify feasibility of this system and the cycle performance of AHAT system, a 3MW-class pilot plant was built in 2006 by Hitachi, Ltd., which mainly consists of a gas turbine, a water atomization cooling (WAC) system, a recuperator, a humidification tower and a water recovery tower. Through the operational test from 2006 to 2010, we confirmed the feasibility of the AHAT as a power-generation system, and various characteristics such as the effect of changes in ambient temperature, part-load characteristics, and start-up characteristics. Next step, a 40MW-class pilot plant was built in 2011 and started operational tests. This system mainly consists of a dual-shaft heavy duty gas turbine, a WAC system, a recuperator and a humidifier. As a result of the operational test, it has been confirmed that the pilot plant output achieved rated power output. In this paper, we show the 40MW-class pilot plant running test results, and evaluate thermal characteristics of this plant and the effect of WAC and humidification on performance of this gas turbine system.

Test Results From the Advanced Humid Air Turbine System Pilot Plant: Part 1—Overall Performance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Higuchi ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Horiuchi ◽  
Hidefumi Araki ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Overall Performance

The AHAT (advanced humid air turbine) system is based on a recuperated cycle using high-humidity air. This system improves thermal efficiency by using the high-humidity air as working gas. After many studies and elemental tests, a 4MW-class pilot plant was planned and built in order to verify feasibility of the AHAT system from the viewpoints of heat cycle characteristic and engineering. This plant consists of a gas turbine, a recuperator, a humidification tower, a water recovery system, an economizer, and other components. The gas turbine consists of a two-stage centrifugal compressor (pressure ratio of 8), a reverse-flow type single-can combustor, and a two-stage axial-flow turbine. In overall performance tests, the plant thermal efficiency exceeded 40%LHV.

Development of Elemental Technologies for Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Kuroki ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Nobuaki Kizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Recovery System

The advanced humid air turbine (AHAT) system improves the thermal efficiency of gas turbine power generation by using a humidifier, a water atomization cooling (WAC) system, and a heat recovery system, thus eliminating the need for an extremely high firing temperature and pressure ratio. The following elemental technologies have been developed to realize the AHAT system: (1) a broad working range and high-efficiency compressor that utilizes the WAC system to reduce compression work, (2) turbine blade cooling techniques that can withstand high heat flux due to high-humidity working gas, and (3) a combustor that achieves both low NOx emissions and a stable flame condition with high-humidity air. A gas turbine equipped with a two-stage radial compressor (with a pressure ratio of 8), two-stage axial turbine, and a reverse-flow type of single-can combustor has been developed based on the elemental technologies described above. A pilot plant that consists of a gas turbine generator, recuperator, humidification tower, water recovery system, WAC system, economizer, and other components is planned to be constructed, with testing slated to begin in October 2006 to validate the performance and reliability of the AHAT system. The expected performance is as follows: thermal efficiency of 43% (LHV), output of 3.6MW, and NOx emissions of less than 10ppm at 15% O2. This paper introduces the elemental technologies and the pilot plant to be built for the AHAT system.

Development of Elemental Technologies for Advanced Humid Air Turbine System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Kuroki ◽  
Takanori Shibata ◽  
Tomomi Koganezawa ◽  
Nobuaki Kizuka ◽  
Shigeo Hatamiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Recovery System

The Advanced Humid Air Turbine (AHAT) system improves the thermal efficiency of gas turbine power generation by using a humidifier, a Water Atomization Cooling (WAC) system, and a heat recovery system, thus eliminating the need for an extremely high firing temperature and pressure ratio. The following elemental technologies have been developed to realize the AHAT system: (1) a broad working range and high-efficiency compressor that utilizes the WAC system to reduce compression work, (2) turbine blade cooling techniques that can withstand high heat flux due to high-humidity working gas, and (3) a combustor that achieves both low NOx emissions and a stable flame condition with high-humidity air. A gas turbine equipped with a two-stage radial compressor (with a pressure ratio of 8), two-stage axial turbine, and a reverse-flow type of single-can combustor has been developed based on the elemental technologies described above. A pilot plant that consists of a gas turbine generator, recuperator, humidification tower, water recovery system, WAC system, economizer, and other components is planned to be constructed, with testing slated to begin in October 2006 to validate the performance and reliability of the AHAT system. The expected performance is as follows: thermal efficiency of 43% (LHV), output of 3.6 MW, and NOx emissions of less than 10 ppm at 15% O2. This paper introduces the elemental technologies and the pilot plant to be built for the AHAT system.

scholarly journals Semi Closed Gas Turbine Cycle and Humid Air Turbine: Thermoeconomic Evaluation of Cycle Performance and of the Water Recovery Process

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Corti ◽  
Bruno Facchini ◽  
Giampaolo Manfrida ◽  
Umberto Desideri
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Water Recovery ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Air Turbine

A comparison between power plants built according to the HAT (Humid Air Turbine) and SCGT/CC (Semi-Closed Gas Turbine/Combined Cycle) concepts is presented, ranging from thermodynamic performance (efficiency and specific power output) to projected data for plant construction and operating costs. Both options appear to be of potential interest to electric utilities considering advanced gas turbine power plants, with significant differences form the point of view of plant size, water consumption, and adaptability to advanced developments for the limitation of environmental impact (CO2 emissions).

A Comparison Between ORC and Supercritical CO2 Bottoming Cycles For Energy Recovery From Industrial Gas Turbines Exhaust Gas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ancona ◽  
M. Bianchi ◽  
L. Branchini ◽  
A. De Pascale ◽  
F. Melino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Abstract Gas turbines are often employed in the industrial field, especially for remote generation, typically required by oil and gas production and transport facilities. The huge amount of discharged heat could be profitably recovered in bottoming cycles, producing electric power to help satisfying the onerous on-site energy demand. The present work aims at systematically evaluating thermodynamic performance of ORC and supercritical CO2 energy systems as bottomer cycles of different small/medium size industrial gas turbine models, with different power rating. The Thermoflex software, providing the GT PRO gas turbine library, has been used to model the machines performance. ORC and CO2 systems specifics have been chosen in line with industrial products, experience and technological limits. In the case of pure electric production, the results highlight that the ORC configuration shows the highest plant net electric efficiency. The average increment in the overall net electric efficiency is promising for both the configurations (7 and 11 percentage points, respectively if considering supercritical CO2 or ORC as bottoming solution). Concerning the cogenerative performance, the CO2 system exhibits at the same time higher electric efficiency and thermal efficiency, if compared to ORC system, being equal the installed topper gas turbine model. The ORC scarce performance is due to the high condensing pressure, imposed by the temperature required by the thermal user. CO2 configuration presents instead very good cogenerative performance with thermal efficiency comprehended between 35 % and 46 % and the PES value range between 10 % and 22 %. Finally, analyzing the relationship between capital cost and components size, it is estimated that the ORC configuration could introduce an economical saving with respect to the CO2 configuration.

Advanced Gas Turbine and High Performance Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Plant With Blade Cooling Air Controlling

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Blade Cooling ◽  
Combined Cycle Plant ◽  
Cooling Air

Air cooling blades are usually applied to gas turbines as a basic specification. This blade cooling air is almost 20% of compressor suction air and it means that a great deal of compression load is not converted effectively to turbine power generation. This paper proposes the CCM (Cascade Cooling Module) system of turbine blade air line and the consequent improvement of power generation, which is achieved by the reduction of cooling air consumption with effective use of recovered heat. With this technology, current gas turbines (TIT: turbine inlet temperature: 1350°C) can be up-rated to have a relative high efficiency increase. The increase ratio has a potential to be equivalent to that of 1500°C Class GT/CC against 1350°C Class. The CCM system is designed to enable the reduction of blade cooling air consumption by the low air temperature of 15°C instead of the usual 200–400°C. It causes the turbine operating air to increase at the constant suction air condition, which results in the enhancement of power and thermal efficiency. The CCM is installed in the cooling air line and is composed of three stage coolers: steam generator/fuel preheater stage, heat exchanger stage for hot water supplying and cooler stage with chilled water. The coolant (chilled water) for downstream cooler is produced by an absorption refrigerator operated by the hot water of the upstream heat exchanger. The proposed CCM system requires the modification of cooling air flow network in the gas turbine but produces the direct effect on performance enhancement. When the CCM system is applied to a 700MW Class CC (Combined Cycle) plant (GT TIT: 135°C Class), it is expected that there will be a 40–80MW increase in power and +2–5% relative increase in thermal efficiency.

Solar Hybrid Combined Cycle Performance Prediction: Influence of GT Model and Spool Arrangement

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Barigozzi ◽  
G. Bonetti ◽  
G. Franchini ◽  
A. Perdichizzi ◽  
S. Ravelli
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Solar Field

A modeling procedure was developed to simulate design and off-design operation of Hybrid Solar Gas Turbines in a combined cycle (CC) configuration. The system includes an heliostat field, a receiver and a commercial gas turbine interfaced with a conventional steam Rankine cycle. Solar power input is integrated in the GT combustor by natural gas. Advanced commercial software tools were combined together to get design and off-design performance prediction: TRNSYS® was used to model the solar field and the receiver while the gas turbine and steam cycle simulations were performed by means of Thermoflex®. Three GT models were considered, in the 35–45 MWe range: a single shaft engine (Siemens SGT800) and two two-shaft engines (the heavy-duty GT Siemens SGT750 and the aero derivative GE LM6000 PF). This in order to assess the influence of different GT spool arrangements and control strategies on GT solarization. The simulation method provided an accurate modeling of the daily solar hybrid CC behavior to be compared against the standard CC. The effects of solarization were estimated in terms of electric power and efficiency reduction, fossil fuel saving and solar energy to electricity conversion efficiency.

Outline of Plan for Advanced Reheat Gas Turbine

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akifumi Hori ◽  
Kazuo Takeya
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Set Up

A new reheat gas turbine system is being developed as a national project by the “Engineering Research Association for Advanced Gas Turbines” of Japan. The machine consists of two axial flow compressors, three turbines, intercooler, combustor and reheater. The pilot plant is expected to go into operation in 1982, and a prototype plant will be set up in 1984. The major objective of this reheat gas turbine is application to a combined cycle power plant, with LNG burning, and the final target of combined cycle thermal efficiency is to be 55 percent (LHV).

Application of “H Gas Turbine” Design Technology to Increase Thermal Efficiency and Output Capability of the Mitsubishi M701G2 Gas Turbine

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fukuizumi ◽  
J. Masada ◽  
V. Kallianpur ◽  
Y. Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Load Testing ◽  
Design Development

Mitsubishi completed design development and verification load testing of a steam-cooled M501H gas turbine at a combined cycle power plant at Takasago, Japan in 2001. Several advanced technologies were specifically developed in addition to the steam-cooled components consisting of the combustor, turbine blades, vanes, and the rotor. Some of the other key technologies consisted of an advanced compressor with a pressure ratio of 25:1, active clearance control, and advanced seal technology. Prior to the M501H, Mitsubishi introduced cooling-steam in “G series” gas turbines in 1997 to cool combustor liners. Recently, some of the advanced design technologies from the M501H gas turbine were applied to the G series gas turbine resulting in significant improvement in output and thermal efficiency. A noteworthy aspect of the technology transfer is that the upgraded G series M701G2 gas turbine has an almost equivalent output and thermal efficiency as H class gas turbines while continuing to rely on conventional air cooling of turbine blades and vanes, and time-proven materials from industrial gas turbine experience. In this paper we describe the key design features of the M701G2 gas turbine that make this possible such as the advanced 21:1 compressor with 14 stages, an advanced premix DLN combustor, etc., as well as shop load test results that were completed in 2002 at Mitsubishi’s in-house facility.

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