PTS Benchmark Performed Within IAEA Coordinated Research Project 9

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Pistora ◽  
Milan Brumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

During the period 2005 – 2008, the Coordinated Research Project 9 (CRP 9) “Review and Benchmark of Calculation Methods for Structural Integrity Assessment of RPVs During PTS” was organised by the IAEA. The overall objective of this Coordinated Research Project was to perform benchmark deterministic calculations of a typical pressurised thermal shock (PTS) regime and finally to recommend the best practice for PTS assessment. The benchmark concerns the assessment of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) resistance against fast fracture for events in the NPP leading to PTS. This assessment is based on the stress intensity factors KI for a postulated crack. The aim of the benchmark was to compare the results obtained by individual participants for well-defined task, to compare the results obtained when applying national codes requirements, and to assess the influence of individual parameters entering the analysis when performing a large set of sensitivity studies. Further aim of this benchmark was to create data which can be used for training of young specialists and for validation of their approach. The benchmark phase of CRP 9 comprised: • Definition of two separate benchmarks for generic WWER-440/213 and PWR-900 (3 Loop) designs, considering the Participants’ own experience and the results of previous international studies. • Basic case analysis of the benchmark problems and application of national code approaches. • Sensitivity studies to assess the impact of individual parameters on the assessment results. The basic (mandatory) case was defined uniquely (all input parameters precisely defined) to enable comparison of the results. Only effect of different models, methods of solving the problems or user effect can be source of the differences in the results, but not the difference in the input data (e.g. material properties, crack geometry, safety margins etc.). The extent and format of output data to be used for comparison were also well-specified. This paper describes the definition of the PTS benchmarks and some examples of the comparative results, like: • variation of temperature through the RPV wall thickness, • variation of stress through the RPV wall thickness, • KI and KIC in dependence on temperature, • variation of KI along crack front, • resulting maximum allowable transition temperature. Finally, it was concluded that the differences among the results were reasonably low and that the methods and models used by the participants can be used for integrity assessment of real RPVs.

Presentation of DEFI-PROSAFE Project: Probabilistic Methodology to Assess Margin in Deterministic RPV Integrity Assessment and Proposed Benchmark

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Tiete ◽  
Richard Trewin ◽  
Sebastien Blasset ◽  
Vladislav Pistora ◽  
Miroslav Posta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Reference Case ◽  
Screening Criteria ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Cylindrical Region ◽  
Definition Of

In this paper the project DEFI-PROSAFE is presented. In the frame of Nugenia+ project, a work package was dedicated to the “DEFInition of reference case studies for harmonized PRObabilistic evaluation of SAFEty margins in integrity assessment for long-term operation of reactor pressure vessel” (acronym DEFI-PROSAFE). A methodology is proposed to assess safety margins in RPV integrity accounting for uncertainties propagation, because no commonly accepted European approach exists for probabilistic assessment of RPV fast fracture risk. The DEFI-PROSAFE methodology, which is based on the comparison between deterministic and probabilistic assessment, will be detailed. The experience gained from the US Screening Criteria (NUREG-1806) and past projects (ICAS, PROSIR), and guideline (IAEA TecDoc 1627) as well as aspects specific to European deterministic integrity approach have been considered. Usually for probabilistic fracture assessment of the RPV, the parameters (describing flaws, material and neutron fluence) are sampled and the RPV cylindrical region is assessed using deterministic thermal hydraulic loading for evaluation of initiation or failure conditional probability. Within DEFI-PROSAFE methodology the uncertainties in thermal-hydraulic input parameters are taken into account and their propagation in the structural assessment is considered. Comparison of RELAP5 thermal hydraulic results and mixing calculation results (KWU-MIX) with experiment relevant to PTS assessment was performed. Furthermore the DEFI-PROSAFE methodology considers RPV discontinuity regions (like RPV nozzle) and specific PIRT analysis has been performed for selection of the TH-parameters. A new benchmark for probabilistic assessment of RPV was defined within the DEFI-PROSAFE project. The benchmark definition and case studies based on previous R&D project (ICAS, PROSIR) will be presented. The performance of the new benchmark may be submitted as new European project.

Comparison of Plastic Collapse Solutions for Surface Breaking Flaws in Standard Assessment Procedures With FEA

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajil Saraswat ◽  
Ali Mirzaee-Sisan
Keyword(s):  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
Plastic Collapse ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Standard Assessment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
The Impact

Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) procedures generally use the Failure Assessment Diagram (FAD) concept for integrity assessment of components containing flaws. An FAD assessment is described by Kr and Lr values, where Kr reflects the toughness of the material while Lr measures the proximity to plastic collapse. Nowadays pipeline girth welds generally have high fracture toughness (Kmat) and it can be argued that plastic collapse is the governing failure mode. The definition of plastic collapse can affect the determination of the Lr parameter and should be carefully chosen. In the present work finite element analysis has been carried out to evaluate the collapse load under local collapse and global collapse conditions. These have been compared with the solutions available in the BS7910 and R6 procedures and the differences have been highlighted. The impact of the choice of plastic collapse solution on the crack driving force has been analysed.

scholarly journals Mathematics in the interwar period in Central-Eastern Europe. The report on an international research project for the years 2018–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 895-937
Author(s):  
Martina Bečvářová ◽  
Stanisław Domoradzki
Keyword(s):  
International Research ◽  
Mathematical Community ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Book Fairs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Questions ◽  
International Research Project

In the article, we will show the main important results of the international research project The impact of WWI on the formation and transformation of the scientific life of the mathematical community. It was supported by the Czech Science Foundation for the years 2018–2020 and brought together ten scientists from five countries (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, USA, and Ukraine) and used the collaboration with historians of mathematics and mathematicians from many other European countries. We will discuss our motivation for the creation of the project, our methodological and professional preparations which profited from the international composition of the team and its longtime collaborations, profound specializations and experiences of the team members, and their deep and long-term studies of many archival sources and basic published works. We will present our choice of the general research trends, our definition of the scientific questions, and our determination of the main topics of our studies. We will describe our most important results (books, articles, visiting lectures, presentations at national and international conferences, seminars and book fairs, exhibitions, popularizations of the results between students, teachers, mathematicians, historians of sciences, and people who love mathematics and its history). We will analyze the new benefit that the project created for the future, for example, good platforms for future international research and cooperation, the discovery of many new interesting research questions, problems, and plans.

Good Practice Handbook for PTS Evaluation (Result of the IAEA Co-Ordinated Project on PTS)

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Pistora ◽  
Milan Brumovsky ◽  
Nigel Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Integrity Assessment ◽  
Pressurized Thermal Shock ◽  
Sensitivity Studies ◽  
Reactor Pressure

Integrity and lifetime of reactor pressure vessels are practically determined by their behavior during “pressurized thermal shock” (PTS) emergency regimes as the most severe regimes during reactor operation. Assessment of these potential regimes is carried out mostly in deterministic way but used procedures are different in different countries. Proper and reliable evaluation of these PTS regimes depends on many parameters and approaches used during computations. During the period 2005 – 2008, the Coordinated Research Project 9 (CRP 9) “Review and Benchmark of Calculation Methods for Structural Integrity Assessment of RPVs During PTS” was organised by the IAEA. The overall objective of this Coordinated Research Project was to perform benchmark deterministic calculations of a typical pressurised thermal shock (PTS) regime and finally to recommend the best practice for PTS assessment. This paper describes main results and collected experience within this project that were bases for the preparation of the “Good Practice Handbook for Deterministic Evaluation of the Integrity of a Reactor Pressure Vessel during a Pressurised Thermal Shock” that will be issued as an IAEA TECDOC. Main parameters discussed in this handbook are: - selection of overcooling sequences; - thermal-hydraulics analyses; - temperature and stress field calculations; - crack tip loading incl.K estimations; - integrity assessment; - analyses of nozzles; - national practices; - results from sensitivity studies. Finally, recommendations for reliable and correct PTS evaluation are given.

PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KERUGIAN NEGARA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAERAH

EDUKASI ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendra Karianga
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Regional Finance ◽  
Regional Budget ◽  
State Finance ◽  
Budget Policy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Sources of revenue and expenditure of APBD (regional budget) can be allocated to finance the compulsory affairs and optional affairs in the form of programs and activities related to the improvement of public services, job creation, poverty alleviation, improvement of environmental quality, and regional economic growth. The implications of these policies is the need for funds to finance the implementation of the functions, that have become regional authority, is also increasing. In practice, regional financial management still poses a complicated issue because the regional head are reluctant to release pro-people regional budget policy, even implication of regional autonomy is likely to give birth to little kings in region causing losses to state finance and most end up in legal proceedings. This paper discusses the loss of state finance and forms of liability for losses to the state finance. The result of the study can be concluded firstly,  there are still many differences in giving meaning and definition of the loss of state finace and no standard definition of state losses, can cause difficulties. The difficulty there is in an effort to determine the amount of the state finance losses. The calculation of state/regions losses that occur today is simply assessing the suitability of the size of the budget and expenditure without considering profits earned by the community and the impact of the use of budget to the community. Secondly, the liability for losses to the state finance is the fulfillment of the consequences for a person to give or to do something in the regional financial management by giving birth to three forms of liability, namely the Criminal liability, Civil liability, and Administrative liability.Keywords: state finance losses, liability, regional finance.

Empowering Women Entrepreneurs Through Microfinance - A Case of Rural Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Saida Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Women’s empowerment has been at the centre of research focus for many decades. Extant literature examined the process, outcome and various challenges. Some claimed substantial success, while others contradicted with evidence of failure. But the success remains a matter of debate due to lack of empirical evidence of actual empowerment of women around the world. The current study aimed to address this gap by taking a case study method. The study critically evaluates 20 cases carefully sampled to include representatives from the entire country of Bangladesh. The study demonstrates popular beliefs about microfinance often misguide even the borrowers and they start living in a fabricated feeling of empowerment, facing real challenges to achieve true empowerment in their lives. The impact of this finding is twofold; firstly there is a theoretical contribution, where the definition of women’s empowerment is proposed to be revisited considering findings from these cases. And lastly, the policy makers at governmental and non-governmental organisations, and multinational donor agencies need to revise their assessment tools for funding.

Forstliche Planung und ökologische Stabilität – ein Forschungsprojekt | Forestry planning and ecological stability:a research project

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
Sandra Horat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Forest Development ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Definition Of

Starting with a brief definition of the notion of ecological stability,the article goes on to describe how this issue is taken into account in forest development plans. We show that a surprising number of animal and plant species are affected by the planning. Depending on the ecological situation and the or ganisms under consideration, different stability characteristics are important. As not all ecological situations can reasonably be considered in forest development planning, we give various suggestions for improvement as to how the concept of ecological stability can better be taken into consideration in future regional forestry plans.

Defining Preterm Birth and Stillbirth in the Western Pacific: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110260
Author(s):  
Mairead Connolly ◽  
Laura Phung ◽  
Elise Farrington ◽  
Michelle J. L. Scoullar ◽  
Alyce N. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
National Level ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
World Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Preterm birth and stillbirth are important global perinatal health indicators. Definitions of these indicators can differ between countries, affecting comparability of preterm birth and stillbirth rates across countries. This study aimed to document national-level adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) definitions of preterm birth and stillbirth in the WHO Western Pacific region. A systematic search of government health websites and 4 electronic databases was conducted. Any official report or published study describing the national definition of preterm birth or stillbirth published between 2000 and 2020 was eligible for inclusion. A total of 58 data sources from 21 countries were identified. There was considerable variation in how preterm birth and stillbirth was defined across the region. The most frequently used lower gestational age threshold for viability of preterm birth was 28 weeks gestation (range 20-28 weeks), and stillbirth was most frequently classified from 20 weeks gestation (range 12-28 weeks). High-income countries more frequently used earlier gestational ages for preterm birth and stillbirth compared with low- to middle-income countries. The findings highlight the importance of clear, standardized, internationally comparable definitions for perinatal indicators. Further research is needed to determine the impact on regional preterm birth and stillbirth rates.

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