Finite Element Modeling of Rollover Crash Tests With Hybrid III Dummies

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Friedman ◽  
John Hutchinson ◽  
Dennis Mihora
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rollover Crash ◽  
Crash Tests

This paper reports on the finite element modeling of rollover crash tests with Hybrid III dummies. Finite element models of a vehicle design and the Hybrid III dummy were used to evaluate the subsystem under manufacturer created rollover conditions for a production and roll caged roof structure. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the ability to reproduce the impact environment occurring in rollover crash tests. There are over 26,000 fatalities and serious injuries annually occurring in rollover accidents in the United States. Many of these are to restrained occupants and their head and spinal injuries have been associated with contact with the roof structure. To analyze the crash tests the effects of the system, finite element models were made of rollover crash tests that had been conducted using baseline and modified passenger vehicles and Hybrid III dummies using the defined impact conditions. Neck loads were utilized to validate the model against the test results. The results show that finite element modeling can reproduce the results from rollover crash tests.

Experimentally validated predictive finite element modeling of the V0-V100 probabilistic penetration response of a Kevlar fabric against a spherical projectile

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Nilakantan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ballistic Impact ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Projectile Impact ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
The Impact

This work presents the first fully validated and predictive finite element modeling framework to generate the probabilistic penetration response of an aramid woven fabric subjected to ballistic impact. This response is defined by a V0-V100 curve that describes the probability of complete fabric penetration as a function of projectile impact velocity. The exemplar case considered in this article comprises a single-layer, fully clamped, plain-weave Kevlar fabric impacted at the center by a 0.22 cal spherical steel projectile. The fabric finite element model comprises individually modeled three-dimensional warp and fill yarns and is validated against the experimental material microstructure. Sources of statistical variability including yarn strength and modulus, inter-yarn friction, and precise projectile impact location are mapped into the finite element model. A series of impact simulations at varying projectile impact velocities is executed using LS-DYNA on the fabric models, each comprising unique mappings. The impact velocities and outcomes (penetration, non-penetration) are used to generate the numerical V0-V100 curve which is then validated against the experimental V0-V100 curve obtained from ballistic impact testing and shown to be in excellent agreement. The experimental data and its statistical analysis used for model input and validation, namely, the Kevlar yarn tensile strengths and moduli, inter-yarn friction, and fabric ballistic impact testing, are also reported.

scholarly journals Characterization of Maple and Ash Material Properties for the Finite Element Modeling of Wood Baseball Bats

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Fortin-Smith ◽  
James Sherwood ◽  
Patrick Drane ◽  
David Kretschmann
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Charpy Test ◽  
Ball Impact ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Baseball Bats

To assist in developing a database of wood material properties for the finite element modeling of wood baseball bats, Charpy impact testing at strain rates comparable to those that a wood bat experiences during a bat/ball collision is completed to characterize the failure energy and strain-to-failure as a function of density and slope-of-grain (SoG) for northern white ash (Fraxinus americana) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Un-notched Charpy test specimens made from billets of ash and maple that span the range of densities and SoGs that are approved for making professional baseball bats are impacted on either the edge grain or face grain. High-speed video is used to capture each test event and image analysis techniques are used to determine the strain-to-failure for each test. Strain-to-failure as a function of density relations are derived and these relations are used to calculate inputs to the *MAT_WOOD (Material Model 143) and *MAT_EROSION material options in LS-DYNA for the subsequent finite element modeling of the ash and maple Charpy Impact tests and for a maple bat/ball impact. The Charpy test data show that the strain-to-failure increases with increasing density for maple but the strain-to-failure remains essentially constant over the range of densities considered in this study for ash. The flat response of the ash data suggests that ash-bat durability is less sensitive to wood density than maple-bat durability. The available SoG results suggest that density has a greater effect on the impact failure properties of the wood than SoG. However, once the wood begins to fracture, SoG plays a large role in the direction of crack propagation of the wood, thereby determining if the shape of the pieces breaking away from the bat are fairly blunt or spear-like. The finite element modeling results for the Charpy and bat/ball impacts show good correlation with the experimental data.

Finite-element modeling of a light-framed wood roof structure

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan B. Jacklin ◽  
Ashraf A. El Damatty ◽  
Ahmed A. Dessouki
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Roof Structure

Finite Element Modeling for Optimizing Hermetic Package Reliability

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lau ◽  
L. B. Lian-Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Package Reliability

The thermal stresses in microwave packages are studied by the finite element method. Emphasis is placed on the effects of material construction and design on the reliability of very small hermetic packages. Three different microwave packages have been designed and six finite element models (two for each design) have been analyzed. To verify the validity of the finite element results, some leak tests have been performed and the results agree with the analytical conclusions. The results presented herein should provide a better understanding of the thermal behavior of hermetic packages and should be useful for their optimal design.

Automated Finite Element Modeling of Tube Frame Structure Parametric Design

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. Mayer ◽  
Ashok Vaishnav
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Modeling ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Finite Element Mesh ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Element Mesh ◽  
Element Modeling ◽  
Finite Element Meshes

This research was intended to address the last step in the development of a tube-frame (termed B2B) parametric crashworthiness model - automated finite element modeling of the parametric design. We have added the generation of finite element models to the previously built Unigraphics Version 16 (UG V16) parametric model, so that finite element models could be quickly built. UG/WAVE was used to design the vehicle parametrically and UG/SCENARIO, a pre- and post-processor integrated in UG, was used to automatically construct the finite element mesh. We established the quality of the finite element meshes, generated for two new designs, which were created by changing overall dimensions of the vehicle. This was done using objective criteria for the finite element mesh. The component data was added to the automatically generated mesh, and the results from the crashworthiness analysis of this model compared favorably with the ‘hand-built’ model using traditional model building techniques. The results from this work will be useful in the development of the parametric design process. The use of automatically generated finite element meshes will also be useful for the automated evaluation of these parametric designs.

A Theoretical Study of Submarining Tendency of a Hybrid III 5th Percentile Female Dummy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Tang ◽  
Qing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Frontal Impact ◽  
The Third ◽  
Kinematic Relationship ◽  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Force Equilibrium

This paper presents a theoretical study on the assessment of submarining tendency of a Hybrid III 5th percentile female crash dummy in frontal impact crash tests. Three candidate criteria for submarining tendency assessment were presented and examined. The first two criteria were derived based on the kinematic relationship between the lap-belt and the pelvis. The third criterion was derived based on the force equilibrium of the lap-belt and pelvis system. Nonlinear finite element models were used together with the use of a Hybrid III 5th percentile female crash dummy model to evaluate these candidate analysis methods.

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