Metabolite Transport Inside Channeled Porous Scaffolds for Haematopoietic Stem Cell Culture: A Computational Study

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cantini ◽  
Gianfranco B. Fiore ◽  
Alberto Redaelli ◽  
Monica Soncini
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Definition Of

Porous polymeric materials play a key role in regenerative medicine, serving as three-dimensional scaffolds for cell culture. Hence, the definition of their micro-architecture should be regarded as a pivotal design issue, that has to be wittingly addressed while engineering a cell culture system. Computational fluid dynamics techniques (CFD) appear to be very valuable in this respect, since they have been appreciably applied in recent literature as a means to analyze fluid dynamics and mass transport inside scaffold or bioreactor models [1]; moreover, leading researchers in tissue engineering have acknowledged the role of numerical methodology in the issue of defining optimal flow conditions for three-dimensional dynamic culture systems.

A Cell Culture Model for Studying the Role of Neuron-Glia Interactions in Ischemia

10.3791/61388 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genilso Gava-Junior ◽  
Cláudio Roque ◽  
Julieta Mendes-Oliveira ◽  
Ana C Bernardino ◽  
Inês Serrenho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
A Cell

scholarly journals Gelatin-Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels with Defined Degree of Functionalization as a Versatile Toolkit for 3D Cell Culture and Extrusion Bioprinting

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliyana Pepelanova ◽  
Katharina Kruppa ◽  
Thomas Scheper ◽  
Antonina Lavrentieva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Encapsulated Cells ◽  
Synthetic Hydrogel ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Biological Environment

Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) is a semi-synthetic hydrogel which consists of gelatin derivatized with methacrylamide and methacrylate groups. These hydrogels provide cells with an optimal biological environment (e.g., RGD motifs for adhesion) and can be quickly photo-crosslinked, which provides shape fidelity and stability at physiological temperature. In the present work, we demonstrated how GelMA hydrogels can be synthesized with a specific degree of functionalization (DoF) and adjusted to the intended application as a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture platform. The focus of this work lays on producing hydrogel scaffolds which provide a cell promoting microenvironment for human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) and are conductive to their adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. The control of mechanical GelMA properties by variation of concentration, DoF, and ultraviolet (UV) polymerization conditions is described. Moreover, hAD-MSC cell viability and morphology in GelMA of different stiffness was evaluated and compared. Polymerized hydrogels with and without cells could be digested in order to release encapsulated cells without loss of viability. We also demonstrated how hydrogel viscosity can be increased by the use of biocompatible additives, in order to enable the extrusion bioprinting of these materials. Taken together, we demonstrated how GelMA hydrogels can be used as a versatile tool for 3D cell cultivation.

scholarly journals Computations of Film Cooling From Holes With Struts

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I-P. Shih ◽  
Y.-L. Lin ◽  
M. K. Chyu ◽  
S. Gogineni
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Time Stepping ◽  
Cooling Hole ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
Film Cooling Holes

Computations were performed to study the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer on a flat plate cooled by jets, injected from a plenum through one row of film-cooling holes in which each hole is fitted with a strut in the form of a circular cylinder. Three different configurations of the film-cooling hole were investigated: without strut, with streamwise strut, and with spanwise strut. For all configurations, the film-cooling holes are inclined at 35°, and the coolant-to-mainflow density and mass-flux ratios are 1.6 and 0.5, respectively. The focus of this study is to understand how struts in holes affect film cooling jets and their interactions with the mainflow in forming a protective layer of cooler fluid over the plate. This computational study is based on the ensemble-averaged conservation equations of mass, momentum (compressible Navier-Stokes), and energy. Effects of turbulence was modeled by a low Reynolds number k-ω closure known as the shear-stress-transport (SST) model. Solutions were generated by a cell-centered finite-volume method that uses third-order accurate flux-difference splitting of Roe with limiters, multigrid acceleration of a diagonalized ADI scheme with local time stepping, and patched/overlapped structured grids. In the computations, the flow is resolved not just in the cooling-jet/mainflow interaction region, but also inside the film-cooling holes and in the plenum. Computed results for adiabatic effectiveness for the case without struts were compared with experimental data, and reasonably good agreements were obtained.

Proliferation and Migration of Human Osteoblasts on Porous Three Dimensional Scaffolds

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 506-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Bergemann ◽  
Ernst Dieter Klinkenberg ◽  
Frank Lüthen ◽  
Arne Weidmann ◽  
Regina Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Porous Tantalum ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Of Cells

Porous tantalum (Ta) biomaterial is designed to function as a scaffold for osseous ingrowths and has found applications in orthopedics. Integration of this Ta foam into the neighboring bone requires that osteoprogenitor cells attach to the implant, grow into the scaffold, proliferate and differentiate to osteoblasts. The aim of the present study was to create an in vitro 3D model system to investigate the interaction of human osteoblasts with porous Ta in the depth of the corpus. To explore active migration of osteoblasts into the Ta scaffold two porous Ta discs (Zimmer, Poland) were horizontally fixed within a clamping ring. Thereby a 3D Ta module with 4 levels is generated, which is placed into a cell culture well with the appropriate medium. Osteoblast-like cells were seeded apical onto the Ta module and cultured for 7 days in humidified atmosphere. Active migration of cells into the scaffold was monitored by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) imaging of the apical, medial and basal layers. A problem in 3D cell culture is the nutrition of cells inside of the scaffold. Therefore morphological changes and differentiation of the cells in distinct layers were analyzed.

scholarly journals Printed Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (01) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Thilmany
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Dimensional Object ◽  
Dimensional Printing

This article discusses the advancement in bioprinting technology that would enable three-dimensional printing of living organs for transplant. Today, artificial or replacement tissue is commonly grown on collagen scaffolds that contain biological starter cells. The goal here is the growing of a biocompatible piece of tissue to repair or replace a patient’s own damaged body part, such as bone, cartilage, blood vessels, or skin. In future, bioprinting technology will allow making living organs for transplant. The method is much the same as additive manufacturing, in which a printer deposits a material, layer by layer, until a three-dimensional object is made. For bioprinting, the material used is likely to be living cells taken directly from the patient’s body and infused into an ink or gel to keep them alive. After printing, the material is incubated in a cell culture that mimics human body conditions until it fuses or becomes otherwise usable for implant.

Problematic of ideological formation in Kazakhstan: three-dimensional practice of the Muftiate as an ideological state apparatus (an Althusserian analysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerkesh Kozhbankhan ◽  
Aidana Kaldybekova
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Louis Althusser ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
Restructuring Process ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose In the Kazakhstani context, the instrumentalization of the Muftiate as a social engineering tool is particularly pertinent, as it stands out as a unique channel for the political, moral and cultural shaping of Muslims. This study aims to outline the role of the Muftiate, its historical background and recent restructuring process. It focuses on the ideological practices and religious discourses of the Muftiate. Design/methodology/approach In Kazakhstan, as a result of reforms in the religious sphere, which were started in 2011, the scope of activity of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Kazakhstan (the Muftiate) has entered a new phase and become an important ideological tool within national policy. It has emerged as a civil society institution that will centralize the process of Islamization and instrumentalize the importance of Islam to create a new fantasy of unity and solidarity. Findings Thus, it discusses how Muftiate fabricates the correct forms of action and the correct form of thought. The theory of “ideological state apparatuses” (ISA) of the French philosopher Louis Althusser should be considered as a theoretical framework of this study. This approach not only gives a theoretical definition of the Muftiate but also allows us to determine its position in society and outline three different dimensions of the practice that it performs. Originality/value The study demonstrates how the Muftiate as an ISA actualizes various concepts, ideas, beliefs or images in which Muslims live their imaginary relations to the real world and transforms Muslim individuals into ideological subjects, thus enabling them to become apparently free bearers of the ideology.

scholarly journals Tulane Virus Recognizes the A Type 3 and B Histo-Blood Group Antigens

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 1419-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Pengwei Huang ◽  
Lu Zou ◽  
Todd L. Lowary ◽  
Ming Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Blood Group Antigens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tulane Virus ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Type 3

ABSTRACTTulane virus (TV), the prototype of theRecovirusgenus in the calicivirus family, was isolated from the stools of rhesus monkeys and can be cultivatedin vitroin monkey kidney cells. TV is genetically closely related to the genusNorovirusand recognizes the histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), similarly to human noroviruses (NoVs), making it a valuable surrogate for human NoVs. However, the precise structures of HBGAs recognized by TV remain elusive. In this study, we performed binding and blocking experiments on TV with extended HBGA types and showed that, while TV binds all four types (types 1 to 4) of the B antigens, it recognizes only the A type 3 antigen among four types of A antigens tested. The requirements for HBGAs in TV replication were demonstrated by blocking of TV replication in cell culture using the A type 3/4 and B saliva samples. Similar results were also observed in oligosaccharide-based blocking assays. Importantly, the previously reported, unexplained increase in TV replication by oligosaccharide in cell-based blocking assays has been clarified, which will facilitate the application of TV as a surrogate for human NoVs.IMPORTANCEOur understanding of the role of HBGAs in NoV infection has been significantly advanced in the past decade, but direct evidence for HBGAs as receptors for human NoVs remains lacking due to a lack of a cell culture method. TV recognizes HBGAs and can replicatein vitro, providing a valuable surrogate for human NoVs. However, TV binds to some but not all saliva samples from A-positive individuals, and an unexplained observation of synthetic oligosaccharide blocking of TV binding has been reported. These issues have been resolved in this study.

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