scholarly journals Systematic scrotum ultrasound in male infertility: what to look for

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Ana Andreea Falticeanu ◽  
Olivier Lebecque ◽  
Michaël Dupont
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Patient History ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Scrotal Ultrasound

Ultrasound is a useful, cost-effective and minimally invasive tool that can be used in the workup of male infertility. Patient history, semen analysis and hormonal results often precede ultrasound examination as a part of the workup of male factor infertility.In our article, we advocate the added value of a systematic approach of the scrotal ultrasound. We propose a checklist for the complete analysis of testicular and paratesticular structures, useful in everyday practice for both clinicians and radiologists, highlighting what can be expected of and what should be found in the radiologist's report.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Patterns of Male Infertility Based on Semen Analysis in Patients Visiting Massawa Hospital; Eritrea: Cross-Sectional Study; 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhe Tesfai ◽  
Fitsum Kibreab ◽  
Hailemichael Gebremariam ◽  
Liwam Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Primary Type ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Semen analysis is the first step to identify male factor infertility. World Health Organization estimates that male factor accounts for 50% of couple sub-fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and patterns of male factor infertility based on semen analysis in patients visiting Massawa Hospital with infertility complaints. Methods It was a retrospective, descriptive cross sectional hospital based type of study with a census sampling method. Patient’s medical records and hospital laboratory register were used to retrieve semen analysis results of patients from June 2018 to June 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health Research and Ethical Review Committee. Confidentiality of patients records kept was secured and consent was obtained from study participants to use their data. Results were presented in frequency, tables and p value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results A total of 112 patients data was analyzed in the study with 49.1% were aged between 20 to 30 years. The prevalence of male factor infertility in these patients was found to be 42% and 79.5% of them had primary type of infertility. Of the study participants; 63 (56.3%), 72 (64.3%) and 70 (62.5%) had sperm count < 15 million sperms/ml, sperm motility < 40 % and morphology of < 60% respectively. One tenth, 15 (13.4%) of the patients had a semen volume of < 1.5ml/ejaculate, out of which 13(86.7%) had primary type of infertility. Moreover; 72 (64.3%) patients had total sperm count/ejaculate of < 39 million and 59 (82%) of these had primary type of infertility. In addition; 50.8% and 50% of patients aged 20 to 30 years had a sperm count < 15 million/ml and sperm motility of < 40% respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of male factor infertility was slightly higher and was dominated with primary infertility. Most patients had lower sperm count, sperm motility but higher semen volume, and majority of the patients with abnormal sperm results were aged between 20 to 30 years. Further prospective researches to determine the risk factors for male infertility and introducing assisted type of fertility in Eritrea are highly recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Male Infertility among the Infertile Couples Attended at BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Fahmin Rahman ◽  
Mohiur Rahman ◽  
Nusrat Mahmud ◽  
GU Ahsan ◽  
Mitheel Ibna Islam
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Tract Infections

Background & objective: Infertility is a problem of public health importance because of its high prevalence and serious social implications on affected couples and families. Although once believed that the problem is solely due to female factor, it is now generally accepted that male factor infertility is equally as important as the female factor. However, it is not known how far the problem is attributed to male factor. The present study is intended to find the prevalence of male infertility among the infertile couples and its determinants in the context of Bangladeshi population. Patients & Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on male partners of infertile couples (over a period of three months) visiting the Infertility Clinic of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Development in Endocrine & Metabolism (BIRDEM) General Hospital, Dhaka. Male infertility was defined as the inability of a man to make his partner conceive (because of quantitative and/or quantitative deficiency of his sperm) after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. On the basis of semen analysis, male partners were divided into two groups – Infertile Group and Fertile Group and the suspected factors were compared between groups using crosstab analysis to determine the factors responsible for male infertility. Result: The present study demonstrated that respondents were generally middle aged (between 30-50 years) with mean age being 35.5 years. Majority (88.5%) was Muslim and belonged to middle class (74.3%). Nearly half (47%) was service-holder and one-third (35.8%) was businessman. About 62% of the male partners were revealed to be infertile on semen analysis [combined prevalence of azoospermia (19%), asthezoospermia (29.2%) oligospermia (12.8%), and teratzoospermia (7.1%)]. Of them nearly one-third (azoospermic ones) was solely responsible for infertility and the rest played contributing role to the overall infertility. The reproductive tract infection (STDs) was reported to be alarmingly high among infertile males (21.4%) than that among their fertile peers (p = 0.002). Smoking, varicocele, overweight or obesity and diabetes also demonstrated their significant presence among infertile males compared to the fertile male group. History of occupational exposure to high temperature, pesticide, trauma to testes, abdominal and urogenital surgery were not associated with male partner fertility. Conclusion: From the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that a substantial proportion of infertility can be attributed due to male partner infertility and its significant predictors are reproductive tract infections or sexually transmitted diseases. The second leading causes are varicocel, diabetes and obesity. Ibrahim Card Med J 2016; 6 (1&2): 25-32

scholarly journals Understanding Male Infertility for Promising ART

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahrukh Hameed Zargar ◽  
Faisel Ahmad ◽  
Mohammad Lateef ◽  
Tahir Mohiuddin Malla
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Traditional Assessment ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Treatment ◽  
Natural Conception ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Infertility is a serious problem of not being able to conceive despite regular intercourse for more than a year. Natural conception is seen to be achieved in 80%–85% of couples. About 15% of couples suffer infertility with male factor contributing to almost 50% of cases. Paradoxically, on traditional assessment, the underlying etiology of male contribution towards infertility remains unrecognized in 30% of the patients and thereby grouped as idiopathic. Diagnostics of male infertility cannot therefore be limited to usual semen analysis only. The spectrum of the recent research encourages the experts in the field to approach the Clinical, Molecular and cytogenetic shades associated with the problem besides secondary factors like life style and environment. Clinical assessment sums the medical history and physical examination of the affected individual. Molecular and cytogenetic analysis help gain new insights in understanding the problem and thereby an advantage for a successful assisted reproductive treatment (ART). Given the cost and burden ART puts in and prior to application of any invasive techniques, understanding precisely the etiology associated with male infertility is essential for the fertility specialist to circumvent inefficient or any unproductive steps in the fertilization process besides helping in counseling patients on their chance of success with the use of reproductive technology.

scholarly journals Contribution of Ayurveda in the Management of Ksheena Shukra Vikara with Special Reference to Asthenozoospermia: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-149
Author(s):  
Manju Mohan ◽  
Sawarkar Punam ◽  
Sawarkar Gaurav
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Patient Reported

Background: Male Infertility is one of the burning issues now a day’s nevertheless disregarded reproductive health problems in India. Incidences of this issue expands day by day because of the disturbing lifestyle pattern. Almost 30-40-% of infertility cases found to be related to male factor. Asthenozoospermia is the most common identifiable anomaly related to male infertility found in semen analysis having reduced motility of sperm. Aim and Objectives: To assess the efficacy of Ayurvedic management (Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa) in the management of Ksheena Shukra Vikara w.s.r. to Asthenozoospermia. Methods: It is a single case study. A 33-year-old male patient who was already diagnosed with Asthenozoospermia for three years approached to Pancharkarma OPD. Sperm motility was only 12%. The patient was treated with Shodhana Chikitsa (Vamana and Virechana with Mahatiktaka Ghritapana and Dashmooladi Niruha Vasti and Uttarvasti with Vidaryadi Ghrita followed by Shamana Chikitsa (Tab Neo Charak Pharmacy, Tab Addyzoa, Chandraprabha Vati, Paripathadi Kashaya, Ashwagandhadi Yamaka, Avipattikar Churna) approximately 3 months. After 3 months, patient-reported improvement. Results: Assessment of the patient with clinical symptoms and sperm analysis report was done following 3 months. Sperm motility increased up to 40% with increment in sperm count.  Conclusion: This case report provides us a guideline that infertility associated with Asthenozoospermia can be treated successfully by adopting basic Ayurveda Siddhanta's.

scholarly journals Factors affecting male infertility

1970 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
P. Raj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Testicular Trauma

Introduction: Infertility is commonly defined as the failure of conception after at least 12 months of unprotected intercourse. 1 Accurate assessment of the prevalence of infertility has always been difficult because of the large scale population based studies. 2 Male factor is the only cause of infertility in about 20 % of infertile couples, but it may be a contributing factor in as many as 30 % to 40 % of cases.3 Factors like diabetes, bronchiectasis, high grade fever, long term medication, urinary tract infection, sexually transmitted infection, epididymitis, testicular injury, un-descended testis, mumps, orchitis, excessive alcohol, smoking, exposure to heat and certain chemicals effect in the spermatogenesis. Impotence or erectile dysfunction remains one of the important contributors in the male infertility. Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study conducted during the health camps in Sindhupalchowk, Manang, Baitedi, Rauthat and Darchula districts of the Nepal. The objective of the study is to find out the factors contributing to male infertility. Couples who were unable to conceive after regular, unprotected coitus of at least one year were included in the study. Detail history, clinical examination and semen analysis was done. Results: There was limited facility of investigation and treatment of infertility in the health camps. The diagnosis was based only on history, examination and semen analysis. Various factors like mumps, chemical exposure like men working in carpet factory, testicular trauma and smoking were found as contributing factor of male infertility in these districts. Conclusions: Testicular trauma, mumps, smoking is common in all the districts. Exposure to chemicals such as dyes, used in carpet factories seems to be responsible for infertility in some men of Sindhupalchowk and Darchula. Keywords: Azospermia; male infertility; oligospermia. DOI: 10.3126/joim.v31i3.2972 Journal of Institute of Medicine, December, 2009; 31(3) 10-12

scholarly journals To analyse the semen for various parameters with special reference to lifestyle factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2589
Author(s):  
Abhinav Aswal ◽  
Sangeeta Sharma ◽  
Rani Bansal ◽  
Anjali Khare
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Male factor is responsible for infertility in 23% cases. Semen analysis is the cornerstone of infertility evaluation as it provides information on the functional status of seminiferous tubules, epididymis and accessory sex glands. Reports in recent years has shown that incidence of male infertility has increased as a result of various factors such as lifestyle, environmental pollution and stress.Methods: This prospective study was conducted on patients reporting for semen analysis in Department of Pathology, Subharti Medical College. The duration of the study was from October 2014 to September 2016 with a study sample of 196 cases. Semen analysis was done by manual method according to WHO 2010 criteria.Results: According to fertility scoring, out of 196 cases, 51 (26%) were infertile cases. With respect to infertile cases 82.4% were alcoholic, 80.4% tobacco smokers, 25.5% were tobacco chewers. These results were statistically significant. Out of 45 cases of oligozoospermia 37 (82.2%) were alcoholic, 36 (80%) were tobacco smoker and 10 (22.2%) were tobacco chewers. Out of 54 cases of asthenozoosperma 38 (70.4%) were alcoholic, 37 (68.5%) were tobacco smoker and 11 (20.4%) were tobacco chewers.Conclusions: Alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking and tobacco chewing have a significant negative effect on the process of spermatogenesis, ultimately affecting sperm concentration, viability and motility. Hence clinician and fertility counselors need to be more focused to control infertility by modifying the life style factors. 

A Phytotherapic Approach to Reduce Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Patients with Male Infertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Capece ◽  
Giuseppe Romeo ◽  
Antonio Ruffo ◽  
Leo Romis ◽  
Salvatore Mordente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Sperm Analysis

Introduction Infertility affects 50 to 80 million (between 8 and 12% of couples). Male factor is a cause of infertility in almost half of the cases, mainly due to oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. DNA fragmentation is now considered an important factor in the aetiology of male infertility. We studied the effects on semen analysis and on DNA fragmentation of in vivo admnistration of Myo-Inositol and Tribulus Terrestris plus Alga Ecklonia plus Biovis (Tradafertil; Tradapharma Sagl, Swizerland) in men with previously diagnosed male infertility. Materials and Methods Sixty patients were enrolled in the present study and were randomized into two subgroups: the group A who received Myo-inositol 1000 mg, Tribulus Terrestris 300 mg, Alga Ecklonia Bicyclis 200 mg and Biovis one tablet a day for 90 days, and the group B (placebo group) who received one placebo tablet a day for 90 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the improvement of semen characteristics after 3 months’ therapy and the secondary outcome was the reduction of the DNA fragmentation after treatment. Results The groups were homogenous for age, hormonal levels, sperm concentration and all parameters of sperm analysis. Sperm concentration and progressive motility improved after treatment with Tradafertil (3.82 Mil/ml vs. 1.71 Mil/ml; p<0.05; 4.86% vs. 1.00%; p<0.05) as well as the DNA fragmentation (-1.64% vs -0.39%, p<0.001). No side effects were revealed. Conclusions In conclusion, we can affirm that Tradafertil is safe and tolerable. It is a new phytotherapic approach to Oligoasthenoteratospermia (OAT) syndrome that could lead to good results without interacting with hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis.

Infertility and the Military Male

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-011
Author(s):  
Amanda B. Reed-Maldonado ◽  
Kristin C. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
The Military

AbstractMale infertility is a condition that affects approximately 50% of infertile couples and about 30% of those couples have only male factor infertility identified. There has been speculation that male military service members may have an even greater lifetime prevalence of infertility as compared to the general population, but very few scientific publications focus on male factor infertility in the military population specifically. This review will discuss many of the unique considerations regarding male infertility in the military and highlight future opportunities for research. The military/federal health system has the potential to serve as a leader in both the delivery of health care for male factor infertility and in the clinical investigation into the etiologies of and treatments for male factor infertility.

scholarly journals Detection of AZF microdeletions and reproductive hormonal profile analysis of infertile sudanese men pursuing assisted reproductive approaches

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Osman Alhassan Elsaid ◽  
Tarteel Gadkareim ◽  
Tagwa Abobakr ◽  
Eiman Mubarak ◽  
Mehad A. Abdelrhem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Abstract Background Male factor is the major contributor in roughly half of infertility cases. Genetic factors account for 10–15% of male infertility. Microdeletions of azoospermia factors (AZF) on the Yq region are the second most frequent spermatogenesis disorder among infertile men after Klinefelter syndrome. We detected in our previous study a frequency of 37.5% AZF microdeletions which investigated mainly the AZFb and AZFc. We attempted in this study for the first time to evaluate the frequencies of all AZF sub-regions microdeletions and to analyze reproductive hormonal profiles in idiopathic cases of azoospermic and oligozoospermic men from Sudan. Methods A group of 51 medically fit infertile men were subjected to semen analysis. Four couples have participated in this study as a control group. Semen analysis was performed according to WHO criteria by professionals at Elsir Abu-Elhassan Fertility Centre where samples have been collected. We detected 12 STSs markers of Y chromosome AZF microdeletions using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Analysis of reproductive hormone levels including Follicle Stimulating, Luteinizing, and Prolactin hormones was performed using ELISA. Comparisons between outcome groups were performed using Student’s t-test Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results AZF microdeletion was identified in 16 out of 25 Azoospermic and 14 out of 26 of the Oligozoospermic. Microdeletion in the AZFa region was the most frequent among the 30 patients (N = 11) followed by AZFc, AZFd (N = 4 for each) and AZFb (N = 3). Among the Oligozoospermic participants, the most frequent deletions detected were in the AZFa region (N = 10 out of 14) and was significantly associated with Oligozoospermic phenotype, Fisher's Exact Test (2-sided) p = 0.009. Among the Azoospermic patients, the deletion of the AZFc region was the most frequent (N = 9 out of 16) and was significantly associated with Azoospermia phenotype Fisher's Exact Test p = 0.026. There was a significant difference in Y chromosome microdeletion frequency between the two groups. The hormonal analysis showed that the mean levels of PRL, LH, and FSH in Azoospermic patients were slightly higher than those in oligozoospermic. A weak negative correlation between prolactin higher level and Azoospermic patients was detected. (AZFa r = 0.665 and 0.602, p = 0.000 and 0.0004, AZFb r = 0.636 and 0.409, p = 0.000 and 0.025, and AZFd r = 0.398 and 0.442, p = 0.029 and 0.015). The correlation was positive for AZFa and negative for AZFb and AZFd. Conclusions We concluded in this study that the incidences of microdeletions of the Y chromosome confined to AZF a, b, c and d regions is 58.8% in infertile subjects with 31.4% were Azoospermic and 27.5% were Oligozoospermic. This might provide a piece of evidence that these specified regions of the Y chromosome are essential for controlling spermatogenesis. These findings will be useful for genetic counseling within infertility clinics in Sudan and to adopt appropriate methods for assisted reproduction.

scholarly journals Impact of percutaneous embolization versus subinguinal microsurgical ligation on semen parameters in primary varicocele patients: comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haytham M. Nasser ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Gad M. Behairy ◽  
Mostafa Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Percutaneous Embolization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Varicocele is an abnormally dilated pampiniform plexus of the veins within the spermatic cord and is considered the most common correctable cause of male factor infertility. Many approaches are described for treatment either surgical (tradition inguinal, subinguinal, and laparoscopic) or non-surgical percutaneous embolization. During the period from August 2017 to December 2018, we prospectively analyzed the preoperative and post-operative alteration of semen parameters (at 3 and 9 months) of the data collected from 63 patients with clinically evident varicocele referred to our tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1, thirty-three patients who underwent subinguinal microsurgical ligation, and group 2, thirty patients who underwent percutaneous embolization. Results Sixty-three patients enrolled in this study were divided in two groups: group 1, patients who underwent surgery, and group 2, patients who underwent embolization; the mean age is 24.6 ± 1.27 years in group 1 and 23.7 ± 2 years in group 2; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regards BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. Bilaterality was present in 15.2% of group 1 patients and 10% in group 2 patients (P value 0.06). Most of the patients were classified as grades 2 and 3 with no statistical significance regarding severity of the disease. Preoperative semen parameters for patients including sperm count, motility, and abnormal forms showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Post-intervention semen analysis was done twice during follow-up after 3 months and 9 months from the date of intervention. After 3 months, the semen parameters were improved in both groups in spite of the higher sperm count in group 2 but with no statistical significance. After 9 months follow-up, semen analysis showed persistent increase in sperm mobility in group 1 patients in comparison to group 2 patients. Both groups had better improvement in count of normal form with no statistical significant change. Conclusion Improvement of semen parameters while treating primary varicocele by either subinguinal microsurgery approach or percutaneous embolization shows equivalent outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document