Entangled linear polymers in fast shear flows: Comparison of tube-model predictions and experimental data

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1111-1137
Author(s):  
Hamid Taghipour ◽  
Salvatore Costanzo ◽  
Dimitris Vlassopoulos ◽  
Evelyne van Ruymbeke ◽  
Laurence G. D. Hawke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Shear Flows ◽  
Tube Model ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Model Predictions

scholarly journals Bioconcentration of gaseous organic chemicals in plant leaves: Comparison of experimental data with model predictions

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 962-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke D. Polder ◽  
Etje M. Hulzebos ◽  
D. Tjalling Jager
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Organic Chemicals ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Model Predictions

CH4 Direct Reduction of In-Flight Fe3O4 Concentrate Particles

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahador Abolpour ◽  
M. Mehdi Afsahi ◽  
Ataallah Soltani Goharrizi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Direct Reduction ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Dynamic Motion ◽  
Magnetite Ore ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract In this study, reduction of in-flight fine particles of magnetite ore concentrate by methane at a constant heat flux has been investigated both experimentally and numerically. A 3D turbulent mathematical model was developed to simulate the dynamic motion of these particles in a methane content reactor and experiments were conducted to evaluate the model. The kinetics of the reaction were obtained using an optimizing method as: [-Ln(1-X)]1/2.91 = 1.02 × 10−2dP−2.07CCH40.16exp(−1.78 × 105/RT)t. The model predictions were compared with the experimental data and the data had an excellent agreement.

scholarly journals A combined model for pseudo-rapidity distributions in Cu–Cu collisions at BNL-RHIC energies

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. J. Jiang ◽  
J. Wang ◽  
Y. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Rapidity Distribution ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Phobos Collaboration ◽  
Rapidity Distributions

The charged particles produced in nucleus–nucleus collisions come from leading particles and those frozen out from the hot and dense matter created in collisions. The leading particles are conventionally supposed having Gaussian rapidity distributions normalized to the number of participants. The hot and dense matter is assumed to expand according to the unified hydrodynamics, a hydro model which unifies the features of Landau and Hwa–Bjorken model, and freeze out into charged particles from a time-like hypersurface with a proper time of [Formula: see text]. The rapidity distribution of this part of charged particles can be derived analytically. The combined contribution from both leading particles and unified hydrodynamics is then compared against the experimental data performed by BNL-RHIC-PHOBOS Collaboration in different centrality Cu–Cu collisions at [Formula: see text] and 62.4[Formula: see text]GeV, respectively. The model predictions are consistent with experimental measurements.

Viscosity Models Based on Network Theory for Polymer Melts

2010 ◽  
Vol 129-131 ◽  
pp. 1244-1247
Author(s):  
Hai Hang Xu ◽  
Lei Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Kinetic Equation ◽  
Constitutive Equation ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Polymer Melts ◽  
Structure Parameter ◽  
Viscosity Models ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Good Agreement

New shear and extensional viscosity models based on Fredrickson kinetic equation coupled with Dewitt constitutive equation were established to predict viscosities of polymer melts. The experimental data of 125°C LDPE and LDPE filled with 35% glass beads reported from references were compared with the model predictions. The predictions showed good agreement with the measurements. The models are simple and easy to use. Because they contain no structure parameter, they are capable to describe the viscosities of pure polymer and polymer composites.

Probability Bounds Analysis Applied to the Sandia Verification and Validation Challenge Problem

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniruddha Choudhary ◽  
Ian T. Voyles ◽  
Christopher J. Roy ◽  
William L. Oberkampf ◽  
Mayuresh Patil
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Probability Bounds ◽  
Model Form ◽  
Interval Representation ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
True System

Our approach to the Sandia Verification and Validation Challenge Problem is to use probability bounds analysis (PBA) based on probabilistic representation for aleatory uncertainties and interval representation for (most) epistemic uncertainties. The nondeterministic model predictions thus take the form of p-boxes, or bounding cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) that contain all possible families of CDFs that could exist within the uncertainty bounds. The scarcity of experimental data provides little support for treatment of all uncertain inputs as purely aleatory uncertainties and also precludes significant calibration of the models. We instead seek to estimate the model form uncertainty at conditions where the experimental data are available, then extrapolate this uncertainty to conditions where no data exist. The modified area validation metric (MAVM) is employed to estimate the model form uncertainty which is important because the model involves significant simplifications (both geometric and physical nature) of the true system. The results of verification and validation processes are treated as additional interval-based uncertainties applied to the nondeterministic model predictions based on which the failure prediction is made. Based on the method employed, we estimate the probability of failure to be as large as 0.0034, concluding that the tanks are unsafe.

scholarly journals Modelling Macrophage Infiltration into Avascular Tumours

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Kelly ◽  
R. D. Leek ◽  
H. M. Byrne ◽  
S. M. Cox ◽  
A. L. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Random Motion ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Independent Experimental Data

In this paper a mathematical model that describes macrophage infiltration into avascular tumours is presented. The qualitative accuracy of the model is assessed by comparing numerical results with independent experimental data that describe the infiltration of macrophages into two types of spheroids: chemoattractant-producing (hepa-1) and chemoattractant-deficient (or C4) spheroids. A combination of analytical and numerical techniques are used to show how the infiltration pattern depends on the motility mechanisms involved (i.e. random motion and chemotaxis) and to explain the observed differences in macrophage infiltration into the hepa-1 and C4 spheroids. Model predictions are generated to show how the spheroid's size and spatial structure and the ability of its constituent cells influence macrophage infiltration. For example, chemoattractant-producing spheroids are shown to recruit larger numbers of macrophages than chemoattractant-deficient spheroids of the same size and spatial structure. The biological implications of these results are also discussed briefly.

New model of dielectric strength of Debye relaxation in monohydroxy alcohols

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (26) ◽  
pp. 1950313
Author(s):  
Li-Na Wang ◽  
Xing-Yu Zhao ◽  
Yi-Neng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Exact Solution ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ising Model ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Debye Relaxation ◽  
New Model ◽  
Model Predictions

The Debye relaxation of dielectric spectroscopy exists extensively in monohydroxy alcohols, and the existing theory of the dielectric strength is obviously inconsistent with the experimental results. In this paper, we propose an Ising model of infinite free-rotating pseudospin chains and get the exact solution of the dielectric strength versus temperature. The model predictions are qualitatively consistent with the experimental results, especially the crossover from the low to the high-temperature Curie–Weiss law. The quantitative comparisons indicate that the model predictions can agree well with the experimental data below 250 K.

Adiabatic Capillary Tube Model for a Carbon Dioxide Transcritical Cycle

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Nunes ◽  
R. N. Faria ◽  
N. Bouzidi ◽  
L. Machado ◽  
R. N. N. Koury
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Condition ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Tube Model ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Capillary Tube Model

This paper presents a mathematical model for a capillary tube using CO 2 as fluid in steady flow transcritical cycle. The capillary tube is divided into N volumes controls and the model is based on applying the equations of conservation of energy, mass and momentum in the fluid in each of these volumes controls. The model calculates the mass flow of the CO 2 in the capillary tube as a function of CO 2 pressures at the inlet and outlet of the capillary and the temperature of CO 2 at the input of this device. The capillary tube is considered to be adiabatic, and the limit of operation due to blocked flow condition is also considered in the model. The validation of the model was performed with experimental data and the results showed that the model is capable of predicting the mass flow in the capillary tube with errors less than 10%. The model was also used to determine the minimum diameter of the capillary tube for various conditions of CO 2 transcritical cycle.

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