Elite Adolescent Athletes’ Use of Dietary Supplements: Characteristics, Opinions, and Sources of Supply and Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Diehl ◽  
Ansgar Thiel ◽  
Stephan Zipfel ◽  
Jochen Mayer ◽  
Alexia Schnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Source Of Information

The authors’ aim was to examine the prevalence of (daily) dietary-supplement (DS) use among elite adolescent athletes and to differentiate use by different types of DS according to their function. Data were analyzed for associations between users of these DS types, sociodemographic, sport-specific characteristics, and opinion on the need for DS. In addition, sources of supply and information were examined. In the framework of the GOAL Study, 1,138 German elite adolescent athletes (14–18 yr) answered questions about DS. The data were analyzed to identify groups at risk for using DS after a classification by supplemental function. Of the young athletes, 91.1% reported DS use during the previous month. (Daily) DS use was significantly associated with sex, kind of sport, and the weekly duration of sporting activity. Furthermore, some athletes were required to use DS by their sporting organization. DS use was more likely in these athletes than in those whose sporting organizations had no such requirement. Overall, DS with short- and long-term supplemental function were mostly associated with the use of magnesium. However, DS with medium-term muscle-building function played an important role among daily users. The main source of information about DS was coaches; main source of supply was parents. Professional education is urgently needed, as 9 out of 10 athletes used DS, and strong positive opinions toward the use of DS were present, particularly in the DS users.

scholarly journals Use of dietary supplements among Brazilian athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellen Clair Garcez NABUCO ◽  
Vanessa Behrends RODRIGUES ◽  
Wander Miguel de BARROS ◽  
Fabricio César de Paula RAVAGNANI ◽  
Mariano Martínez ESPINOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Consumption Profile

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence and establish the profile of the consumption of dietary supplements among Brazilian athletes. Methods: A total of 182 athletes of both genders from 20 different sports participated in this study. The athletes answered a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and sports-related questions and were interviewed about the consumption of dietary supplements. Results: Forty seven percent of athletes reported having consumed at least one type of dietary supplement and 38% said they use more than three different types of supplements concurrently. Whey protein was the most commonly consumed supplement, and the most frequently mentioned reason for its consumption was performance improvement. The main source of information was coaches, and individual sport athletes were the greatest consumers and the most likely to seek dietary supplement. Conclusion: Approximately half of the participants used dietary supplements, which on most occasions were recommended by coaches. The consumption profile also revealed multiple supplementation practice and showed that nutrition education is essential for this specific population.

scholarly journals Quantitative Determination of Vinpocetine in Dietary Supplements

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
John M. T. French ◽  
Matthew D. King ◽  
Owen M. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Nootropic Drugs ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

Current United States regulatory policies allow for the addition of pharmacologically active substances in dietary supplements if derived from a botanical source. The inclusion of certain nootropic drugs, such as vinpocetine, in dietary supplements has recently come under scrutiny due to the lack of defined dosage parameters and yet unproven short- and long-term benefits and risks to human health. This study quantified the concentration of vinpocetine in several commercially available dietary supplements and found that a highly variable range of 0.6–5.1 mg/serving was present across the tested products, with most products providing no specification of vinpocetine concentrations.

scholarly journals A Six-Month Intervention with Two Different Types of Micronutrient-Fortified Complementary Foods Had Distinct Short- and Long-Term Effects on Linear and Ponderal Growth of Vietnamese Infants

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (9) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham V. Phu ◽  
Nguyen V. Hoan ◽  
Bertrand Salvignol ◽  
Serge Treche ◽  
Frank T. Wieringa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Awareness of the Consumption of Dietary Supplements among Students in a University in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozaa Z. AlTamimi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Long Term Studies

The dietary supplement market in Saudi Arabia is growing alongside the number of Saudis consuming dietary supplements. It is therefore increasingly important for healthcare personnel to understand the consumption rate of dietary supplements, whether they are used wisely, and the know-how concerning their use and dosage. The purpose of this study was to clarify the overall awareness of dietary supplement consumption among female students of Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Using a descriptive approach, data were collected from 759 female students (mean age = 22.1 ± 1.7 years) via an electronic survey. All participants reported having consumed dietary supplements at some point, and 32.3% were taking them at the time of the survey. They took supplements primarily for aesthetic reasons (e.g., hair and skin health) and preferred purchasing supplements at pharmacies. Nearly all (89.9%) participants could define supplements correctly, and 43.6% reported that supplements improved health. More than half the sample believed that supplements are safe. While a large proportion of participants correctly identified the recommended number of daily servings of fruits and vegetables, relatively few actually consumed that recommended amount. More than one-third of participants consumed more than one type of supplement simultaneously, and more than half reported that they would use supplements when necessary in the future. The results of this study suggest a need for long-term studies on the consumption of nutritional supplements among Saudis and its impact on health.

scholarly journals The potential impact of dietary supplement adulteration on patient assessment and treatment from a healthcare provider’s perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Gabriels ◽  
Mohamed Irhuma
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Perceived Intention

Dietary supplements have been manufactured and supplied to the market with the objective of enhancing the overall health of the general population and optimising the performance of athletes. The perceived intention of dietary supplementation is to increase the nutritional content of a normal diet, and to fill a dietary need and/or presumed deficiency. The usage and popularity of dietary supplements, however, raises concerns from a health benefit and risk perspective. Moreover, safety and efficacy of these supplements have generally not been established by the Medicines Regulatory Authorities, both nationally and internationally. The exponential increase in supplement sales can, however, be attributed to aggressive marketing by manufacturers, rather than the development of more effective nutritional supplements. These supplements may contain adulterated substances that may potentially have harmful short- and long-term health consequences for the patient. In addition, a large spectrum of drug interactions may render the use of such supplements risky, without proper medical and scientific assessment.

scholarly journals Effects of Composition Type and Activator on Fly Ash-Based Alkali Activated Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Chan-Yi Lin ◽  
Tai-An Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

The compressive strengths of fly ash-based alkali-activated materials (AAM), produced using various activators of only sodium hydroxide, were measured. Fly ash-based AAM specimens, produced by mixing different kinds of fly ash and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFs) with an activator containing only sodium hydroxide, were cured at ambient temperature, and then placed in air for different numbers of days. The short- and long-term compressive strengths and shrinkage of fly ash-based AAM were measured and compared to one another. The effects of type of fly ash, alkali-equivalent content, GGBFs replace percentage, and ages on the compressive strengths and shrinkage of fly ash-based AAM were investigated. Even when different fly ash was used as the raw material for AAM, a similar compressive strength can be achieved by alkali-equivalent content, GGBFs replaces percentage. However, the performance of shrinkage due to different types of fly ash differed significantly.

scholarly journals Puncture of the Axillary Vein for the Implant for Electronic Cardiac Devices

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Vagner Rossato Pegoraro ◽  
Eduardo Rodrigues Bento Costa ◽  
Luiz Fernando Fagundes Gouvea Filho ◽  
Beatriz Tose Costa Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Subclavian Vein ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Axillary Vein ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Cardiac Devices ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term

Introduction: The obtaining of venous access for implantation of implantable electronic cardiac devices (IECDs) has been traditionally made by intrathoracic subclavian vein puncture (SVP) or cephalic vein phlebotomy (CVP). Evidence indicates, however, the increased risk of short-term and long-term complications with SVP due to the fact that it is intrathoracic access and the risk of compression of the electrodes by the costoclavicular ligament, leading to different types of defects. CVP, in turn, has been associated with a failure rate that reaches 45%. Axillary vein puncture (AVP) has been described in the literature and is presented here as an alternative to the two techniques mentioned. Methods: A PubMed survey was conducted on articles that mention the AVP, SVP and CVP techniques and compare them to the immediate, short and long term results and success rates for obtaining venous access. Emphasis was placed on comparisons between the various AVP techniques. Conclusion: The AVP technique for obtaining venous access presents some variations among the different authors. It has CVP-like safety, success rates comparable to those of the subclavian vein, and better medium and long term results for electrode function.

Tackling Drug-Lords in a Nascent Market: Raids and Drug Crime in Uruguay

2021 ◽  
pp. 088740342110469
Author(s):  
Juan A. Bogliaccini ◽  
Diego Pereira ◽  
Juan Ignacio Pereira ◽  
Cecilia Giambruno ◽  
Ignacio Borba
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Drug Crime ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term

This article analyzes the effects of police raids for different types of crime in the most conflictive neighborhoods of Montevideo, Uruguay. Interrupted time-series and intervention models are estimated using different specifications of geographical area where the crackdowns occurred and also different control strategies to produce robust results. The effect of crackdowns on crime reporting is mixed; evidence suggesting crackdowns may produce short- and long-term effects on crime depending on their ability to affect gangs’ competition for the territory and the market. It appears that the effects of raids are sensitive to the context of the criminal situation. Crackdowns are not consistently effective in influencing crime. Evidence shows it is hard to reach levels of critical enforcement through 1-day crackdowns and that crackdowns’ ability to alter drug-market conditions would depend not only on the ability to extract drug dealers from the territory but also in preventing a rapid return.

Indications, Technique, and Complications of Balloon Tamponade for Variceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Cook ◽  
Loren Laine
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽  
Balloon Tamponade ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Timely Treatment

Timely treatment of bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponade effectively achieves initial hemostasis. However, therapeutic endoscopy and sclerotherapy in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is associated with better short- and long-term follow-up. We describe the technique of esophagogastric balloon insertion, as well as principles of monitoring and maintenance. The different types of balloons for tamponade are described, as well as potential complications.

scholarly journals Temporality of agency in regional development

2021 ◽  
pp. 096977642110288
Author(s):  
Markus Grillitsch ◽  
Bjørn Asheim ◽  
Hjalti Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Development Outcomes

The temporality of agency plays a fundamental role in regional development but has received little attention in economic geography and regional studies. This paper zooms in on two aspects of temporality: the temporality of intentions and the temporality of consequences. The former refers to actors’ perception and valuation of opportunities in the near and distant future, whereas the latter refers to the short- and long-term consequences of actions. This paper studies the temporality of agency in the context of regional development. It investigates how short- and long-term intentions motivate different types of agency, how different types of agency affect short- and long-term regional development outcomes and which conditions enable or constrain different types of agency. We illustrate our arguments with an in-depth case study covering the regional development of a labour market in Norway over the last 20 years.

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