Improvement of Long-Jump Performance During Competition Using a Plyometric Exercise

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Bogdanis ◽  
Athanasios Tsoukos ◽  
Panagiotis Veligekas
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Horizontal Velocity ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Plyometric Exercise ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Approach Velocity ◽  
Vertical Jumps ◽  
Maximal Effort

Purpose:To examine the acute effects of a conditioning plyometric exercise on long-jump performance during a simulated long-jump competition.Methods:Eight national-level track and field decathletes performed 6 long-jump attempts with a full approach run separated by 10-min recoveries. In the experimental condition subjects performed 3 rebound vertical jumps with maximal effort 3 min before the last 5 attempts, while the 1st attempt served as baseline. In the control condition the participants performed 6 long jumps without executing the conditioning exercise.Results:Compared with baseline, long-jump performance progressively increased only in the experimental condition, from 3.0%, or 17.5 cm, in the 3rd attempt (P = .046, d = 0.56), to 4.8%, or 28.2 cm, in the 6th attempt (P = .0001, d = 0.84). The improvement in long-jump performance was due to a gradual increase in vertical takeoff velocity from the 3rd (by 8.7%, P = .0001, d = 1.82) to the 6th jump (by 17.7%, P = .0001, d = 4.38). Horizontal-approach velocity, takeoff duration, and horizontal velocity at takeoff were similar at all long-jump attempts in both conditions (P = .80, P = .36, and P = .15, respectively).Conclusions:Long-jump performance progressively improved during a simulated competition when a plyometric conditioning exercise was executed 3 min before each attempt. This improvement was due to a progressive increase in vertical velocity of takeoff, while there was no effect on the horizontal velocity.

Training Load, Neuromuscular Readiness, and Perceptual Fatigue Profile in Youth Elite Long-Jump Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1034-1038
Author(s):  
Alberto Franceschi ◽  
Daniele Conte ◽  
Marco Airale ◽  
Jaime Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Long Jump

Purpose: To describe and identify individual trends and changes in training load, neuromuscular readiness, and perceptual fatigue measures in 2 youth elite long jumpers, finalists at the European Athletics U18 (Under 18) Championships (athlete A, female, age 16.5 y, long-jump record 6.25 m; athlete B, male, age 16.0 y, long-jump record 7.28 m). Methods: Data were collected from both training sessions and athletics competitions during a 16-week period, divided into a preparation (weeks 1–8) and a competitive phase (weeks 9–16). Training load was computed through training diaries (training time, sprint, jumping, and weights volume). The countermovement jump and the 10-to-5 repeated-jump test were executed on a weekly basis to assess neuromuscular readiness, and perceptual fatigue measures were collected through a wellness questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using a magnitude-based decisions approach. Results: The results highlighted a decrease in training load during the competitive period with moderate to large differences for training time, sprint, and jump volume. Moreover, data showed an upward trend and very likely higher scores in vertical-jump performance across the competitive phase together with a very likely lower perceptual fatigue. Conclusions: This scenario seemed to be favorable to achieve competition performance very close to the personal record during the competitive season. This study provided an example of application of a comprehensive monitoring system with young athletes involved in track-and-field jumping events.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Jumping Ability, Agility and Sprint Performance of Elite Young Basketball Players: A Field-Test Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Asadi
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Sprint Time ◽  
Long Jump

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p177 The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between sprint, agility and jump performance of elite young basketball players. Sixteen elite national level young male basketball players participated in this study. The jumping ability of each player was determined using countermovement jump (CMJ), and broad long jump (BLJ). The agility T test (TT) and Illinois agility test (IAT) were assessed to determine the agility, and 20-m sprint time was also measured to determine sprint performance. The results of Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis indicated moderate correlation between training age and IAT (r = -0.57; p = 0.021). Strong correlations were found between CMJ and BLJ (r = 0.71; p = 0.002), and between TT and IAT (r = 0.70; p = 0.002). Similarly, 20-m sprint time was strong correlated with CMJ (r = -0.61; p = 0.011), BLJ (r = -0.76; p = 0.001), TT (r = 0.77; p = 0.001), and IAT (r = 0.68; p = 0.003). In addition, CMJ was strongly correlated with TT (r = -0.60; p = 0.013), and IAT (r = -0.64; p = 0.007), and also strong correlation between BLJ with TT (r = -0.85; p = 0.001) and IAT (r = -0.76; p = 0.001). The findings of the present study indicated significant correlation between sprint and agility, jumping ability and sprint performance and between jumping ability and agility performance in basketball players. Therefore, the results suggest that sprint, agility and jumping ability share common physiological and biomechanical determinants. 

The influence of self-talk and observational learning on long jump performance

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Panteli ◽  
Ioannis Zarotis ◽  
Apostolos Theodorou ◽  
Athanasia Smirniotou
Keyword(s):  
Observational Learning ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
Long Jump

scholarly journals Injuries in Collegiate Track and Field Jumping: A 2-Year Prospective Surveillance Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 232596712097339
Author(s):  
Shota Enoki ◽  
Mami Nagao ◽  
Soju Ishimatsu ◽  
Takuya Shimizu ◽  
Rieko Kuramochi
Keyword(s):  
Track And Field ◽  
Flexor Hallucis Longus ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Hamstring Strain ◽  
Muscle Rupture ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Pole Vault ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: Athletes participating in track and field jumping events (long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault) are exposed to ground-reaction forces on the takeoff leg that are several times their body weight. This can cause injuries specific to such activities. Purpose: To determine the incidence of injuries in collegiate jumpers using the guidelines set forth by a 2014 consensus statement on injury surveillance during track and field events. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A total of 51 jumpers between April 2016 and March 2017 and 54 jumpers between April 2017 and March 2018 participated in this study. All athletes were from a single college in Japan. Baseline information on athletes participating in the long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault was collected at study enrollment. Practice and competition exposures were reported by the team trainer. Injury incidence was calculated as the number of injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Results: A total of 147 injuries were reported among 16,998 exposures (8.65 injuries per 1000 AEs). The most common injury locations were the posterior thigh and lateral ankle (17.0%), followed by the posterior foot or toe (12.9%); the most frequent type of injury was strain/muscle rupture/tear (21.1%). The most common injury for long jumpers was ankle sprain (23.3%); for high jumpers, flexor hallucis longus tendinosis (15.8%); and for pole vaulters, hamstring strain (13.2%). Conclusion: The overall characteristics are different for each event; therefore, injuries for each event need to be investigated.

scholarly journals Inter-Limb Jump Asymmetries and Their Association with Sport-Specific Performance in Young Male and Female Swimmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7324
Author(s):  
Max I. Phukan ◽  
Rohit K. Thapa ◽  
Gopal Kumar ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
Helmi Chaabene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Level Of Agreement

This study aimed to examine inter-limb jump asymmetries and their association with sport-specific performance in young swimmers. Thirty-eight (male, n = 19; female, n = 19) regional/national level young swimmers (age: 12.3 ± 1.2 years; height: 159.6 ± 8.2 cm; body mass: 52.5 ± 9.2 kg) participated in this study. Inter-limb asymmetries were assessed for single-leg countermovement jump (SLCMJ) and single-leg standing long jump (SLSLJ). Sport-specific performance was evaluated using front crawl (i.e., 50 m and 25 m) and front crawl kick (i.e., 50 m and 25 m). The kappa coefficient revealed a “slight” level of agreement (Κ = 0.156, 0.184, and 0.197 for female, male, and all, respectively) between the direction of asymmetry for SLCMJ and SLSLJ, indicating that asymmetries rarely favored the same limb during both tests. A paired sample t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.025) between asymmetry scores obtained in SLCMJ and SLSLJ. No significant difference was found in asymmetry scores between males and females (p = 0.099 to 0.977). Additionally, no association between asymmetry scores and sport-specific performance was observed (p > 0.05). Our findings highlight the independent nature of inter-limb asymmetries derived from SLCMJ and SLSLJ among young male and female swimmers. Further, our results suggest no association between jumping asymmetries and sport-specific performance.

scholarly journals Acute effect of static and dynamic stretching on tone and elasticity of hamstring muscle and on vertical jump performance in track-and-field athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (0) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teet Meerits ◽  
Sebastian Bacchieri ◽  
Mati Pääsuke ◽  
Jaan Ereline ◽  
Antonio Cicchella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Hamstring Muscle ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Dynamic Stretching

scholarly journals Eight days KAATSU-resistance training improved sprint but not jump performance in collegiate male track and field athletes

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Abe ◽  
K. Kawamoto ◽  
T. Yasuda ◽  
C. F. Kearns ◽  
T. Midorikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Jump Performance

scholarly journals Age-Related Decline in Vertical Jumping Performance in Masters Track and Field Athletes: Concomitant Influence of Body Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R. Alvero-Cruz ◽  
Mieszko Brikis ◽  
Phil Chilibeck ◽  
Petra Frings-Meuthen ◽  
Jose F. Vico Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Vertical Jumping ◽  
Masters Athletes

Vertical jumping power declines with advancing age, which is theoretically explicable by loss of muscle mass and increases in body fat. However, the results of previous cross-sectional studies remain inconsistent on these relationships. The present study included 256 masters athletes who competed at the 2018 track and field world championships in Málaga, Spain. We assessed body composition with bioelectrical impedance (Inbody S10) and vertical jumping power with a Leonardo ground reaction force platform. Relationships between age, jumping power, and body composition were analyzed by correlation and regression analyses. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate effects of each factor on vertical jumping power. Age-related rates of decreases in maximal power and jump height were similar between male and female athletes. Percent fat-free mass and percent body fat were negatively and positively, respectively, associated with age in masters athletes and were comparable to those previously observed in the general population. Moreover, these effects in body composition can, to a great extent, explain the age-related decline in jumping power, an effect that seems at least partly independent of age. Finally, the multiple regression model to determine independent predictors of vertical jump performance yielded an overall R2 value of 0.75 with the inclusion of (1) athletic specialization in power events, (2) percent fat-free mass, and (3) phase angle. However, partial regression yielded significant effects of age, but not gender, on peak power, even when adjusting for athletic specialization, percent fat-free mass, and phase angle. We concluded that loss of skeletal muscle mass and changes in bio-impedance phase angle are important contributors to the age-related reduction in anaerobic power, even in adults who maintain high levels of physical activity into old age. However, age per se remains a significant predictor of vertical jump performance, further demonstrating deteriorated muscle quality at old age (sarcosthenia).

scholarly journals Postactivation potentiation improves jumps performance in children ages 6 to 8 years old

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
C Gerber ◽  
P Sirieiro ◽  
I Nasser ◽  
C Taber ◽  
H Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postactivation Potentiation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Vertical Jumps

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of postactivation potentiation (PAP) in vertical and horizontal jump performance in pre-pubertal children. Material and method: One hundred and nineteen children (65 girls and 54 boys; 6.8 ± 0.7 years old; 124.5 ± 6.4 cm; 25.2 ± 5.1 kg) participated in this study. This was a transversal cross-sectional study which incorporated a within-subjects repeatedmeasures design, where participants completed all protocols. The experimental procedure required four total testing, separated by one week, using a counterbalanced. This study investigated jumping performance associated with weighted jumps, lowload vertical jumps, and horizontal jumps. During two sessions the participants performed vertical jumps with and without PAP, the other two sessions the same procedures were performed for horizontal jumps. The PAP protocol consisted of one set of five weighted countermovement jumps with low-load (10% of body mass) and a rest interval of four minutes prior to the jump tests. Paired t-tests were used between conditions (PAP and control) in the vertical jump and horizontal jump test. In addition, Cohen’s d effect size and 95% confidence interval was used. Results: Significant jump height was observed in the vertical jump in the PAP condition compared to the control condition (p = 0.007). Similar results were observed for the horizontal jump tests, with significant longer distance observed in the PAP condition (p = 0.036). Conclusions: Pre-pubertal children can benefit from the effects of PAP in vertical and horizontal jumping performance when preceded by low-load ballistic movements. A protocol implementing low-loads, determined by a relative percentage of body mass is effective to promote PAP for young children.

scholarly journals Track and Field and Physics: Long Jump

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Jae Kyun RYU
Keyword(s):  
Track And Field ◽  
Long Jump
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