scholarly journals Assessment of Energy Expenditure of a Professional Goalkeeper From the English Premier League Using the Doubly Labeled Water Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 681-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Anderson ◽  
Graeme L. Close ◽  
Ryland Morgans ◽  
Catherine Hambly ◽  
John Roger Speakman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Physical Loading ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Loading Patterns ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
English Premier League

Purpose:To better understand the energy and carbohydrate (CHO) requirements of a professional goalkeeper (GK) in elite soccer, the authors quantified physical loading, energy expenditure (EE), and energy intake (EI) during a 2-games-per-week in-season microcycle.Methods:Daily training and match loads were assessed in a professional GK (age 26 y, height 191 cm, body mass 85.6 kg) from the English Premier League using global positioning systems (GPS) and ProZone®, respectively. Assessments of EE (using the doubly labeled water method) and EI (using food diaries supported by the remote food photographic method and 24-h recalls) were also completed.Results:Physical loading was greater on match days than training days as inferred from total distance (4574 [432] vs 1959 [500] m), average speed (48 [5] vs 40 [4] m/min), and distance completed when jogging (993 [194] vs 645 [81] m) and running (138 [16] vs 21 [20] m). Average daily energy and macronutrient intake appear reflective of a self-selected “low-CHO” diet (energy 3160 [381] kcal, CHO 2.6 [0.6], protein 2.4 [0.4], fat 1.9 [0.3] g/kg body mass). Mean daily EE was 2894 kcal.Conclusions:The average daily EE of this professional GK was approximately 600 kcal/d lower than that previously reported in outfield players from the same team. Such data suggest that the nutritional requirements of a GK should be carefully considered depending on the required daily and weekly loading patterns.

scholarly journals Daily Distribution of Macronutrient Intakes of Professional Soccer Players From the English Premier League

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Anderson ◽  
Robert J. Naughton ◽  
Graeme L. Close ◽  
Rocco Di Michele ◽  
Ryland Morgans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Macronutrient Intake ◽  
Training Adaptations ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Protein Feeding ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
English Premier League

The daily distribution of macronutrient intake can modulate aspects of training adaptations, performance and recovery. We therefore assessed the daily distribution of macronutrient intake (as assessed using food diaries supported by the remote food photographic method and 24-hr recalls) of professional soccer players (n = 6) of the English Premier League during a 7-day period consisting of two match days and five training days. On match days, average carbohydrate (CHO) content of the prematch (<1.5 g·kg-1 body mass) and postmatch (1 g·kg-1 body mass) meals (in recovery from an evening kick-off) were similar (p > .05) though such intakes were lower than contemporary guidelines considered optimal for prematch CHO intake and postmatch recovery. On training days, we observed a skewed and hierarchical approach (p < .05 for all comparisons) to protein feeding such that dinner (0.8 g·kg-1)>lunch (0.6 g·kg-1)>breakfast (0.3 g·kg-1)>evening snacks (0.1 g·kg-1). We conclude players may benefit from consuming greater amounts of CHO in both the prematch and postmatch meals so as to increase CHO availability and maximize rates of muscle glycogen resynthesis, respectively. Furthermore, attention should also be given to ensuring even daily distribution of protein intake so as to potentially promote components of training adaptation.

scholarly journals Energy Intake and Expenditure of Professional Soccer Players of the English Premier League: Evidence of Carbohydrate Periodization

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Anderson ◽  
Patrick Orme ◽  
Robert J. Naughton ◽  
Graeme L. Close ◽  
Jordan Milsom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
English Premier League ◽  
Current Guidelines

In an attempt to better identify and inform the energy requirements of elite soccer players, we quantified the energy expenditure (EE) of players from the English Premier League (n = 6) via the doubly labeled water method (DLW) over a 7-day in-season period. Energy intake (EI) was also assessed using food diaries, supported by the remote food photographic method and 24 hr recalls. The 7-day period consisted of 5 training days (TD) and 2 match days (MD). Although mean daily EI (3186 ± 367 kcals) was not different from (p > .05) daily EE (3566 ± 585 kcals), EI was greater (p < .05) on MD (3789 ± 532 kcal; 61.1 ± 11.4 kcal.kg-1 LBM) compared with TD (2956 ± 374 kcal; 45.2 ± 9.3 kcal.kg-1 LBM, respectively). Differences in EI were reflective of greater (p < .05) daily CHO intake on MD (6.4 ± 2.2 g.kg-1) compared with TD (4.2 ± 1.4 g.kg-1). Exogenous CHO intake was also different (p < .01) during training sessions (3.1 ± 4.4 g.h-1) versus matches (32.3 ± 21.9 g.h-1). In contrast, daily protein (205 ± 30 g.kg-1, p = .29) and fat intake (101 ± 20 g, p = .16) did not display any evidence of daily periodization as opposed to g.kg-1, Although players readily achieve current guidelines for daily protein and fat intake, data suggest that CHO intake on the day before and in recovery from match play was not in accordance with guidelines to promote muscle glycogen storage.

scholarly journals Influence of body composition on physical activity validation studies using doubly labeled water

2004 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1357-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise C. Mâsse ◽  
Janet E. Fulton ◽  
Kathleen L. Watson ◽  
Matthew T. Mahar ◽  
Michael C. Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Methods Comparison ◽  
Statistical Procedures

This study investigated the influence of two approaches (mathematical transformation and statistical procedures), used to account for body composition [body mass or fat-free mass (FFM)], on associations between two measures of physical activity and energy expenditure determined by doubly labeled water (DLW). Complete data for these analyses were available for 136 African American (44.1%) and Hispanic (55.9%) women (mean age 50 ± 7.3 yr). Total energy expenditure (TEE) by DLW was measured over 14 days. Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) was computed as 0.90 × TEE - resting metabolic rate. During week 2, participants wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days and completed a 7-day diary. Pearson's product-moment correlations and three statistical procedures (multiple regressions, partial correlations, and allometric scaling) were used to assess the effect of body composition on associations. The methods-comparison analysis was used to study the effect of body composition on agreement. The statistical procedures demonstrated that associations improved when body composition was included in the model. The accelerometer explained a small but meaningful portion of the variance in TEE and PAEE after body mass was accounted for. The methods-comparison analysis confirmed that agreement with DLW was affected by the transformation. Agreement between the diary (transformed with body mass) and TEE reflected the association that exists between body mass and TEE. These results suggest that the accelerometer and diary accounted for a small portion of TEE and PAEE. Most of the variance in DLW-measured energy expenditure was explained by body mass or FFM.

Longitudinal assessment of energy expenditure in pregnancy by the doubly labeled water method

1993 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 494-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
G R Goldberg ◽  
A M Prentice ◽  
W A Coward ◽  
H L Davies ◽  
P R Murgatroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Methodological error in measurement of energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method: much ado about nothing?

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S Ludwig ◽  
Cara B Ebbeling ◽  
Julia M W Wong ◽  
Robert R Wolfe ◽  
William W Wong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Methodological Error ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Much Ado About Nothing ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

Use of doubly labeled water technique in soldiers training for jungle warfare

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Forbes-Ewan ◽  
B. L. Morrissey ◽  
G. C. Gregg ◽  
D. R. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

The doubly labeled water method was used to estimate the energy expended by four members of an Australian Army platoon (34 soldiers) engaged in training for jungle warfare. Each subject received an oral isotope dose sufficient to raise isotope levels by 200–250 (18O) and 100–120 ppm (2H). The experimental period was 7 days. Concurrently, a factorial estimate of the energy expenditure of the platoon was conducted. Also, a food intake-energy balance study was conducted for the platoon. Mean daily energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method was 4,750 kcal (range 4,152–5,394 kcal). The factorial estimate of mean daily energy expenditure was 4,535 kcal. Because of inherent inaccuracies in the food intake-energy balance technique, we were able to conclude only that energy expenditure, as measured by this method, was greater than the estimated mean daily intake of 4,040 kcal. The doubly labeled water technique was well tolerated, is noninvasive, and appears to be suitable in a wide range of field applications.

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