scholarly journals Coaching Effectiveness: A Personal Discourse on Bringing Clarity to an Overused Concept

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
John Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Lower Order ◽  
Feature Matching ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Effective Practice ◽  
High Effectiveness ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Simplistic Notion ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness ◽  
Sport Coaching ◽  
Performance Success

Coaching effectiveness is a ubiquitous term in the sport coaching literature, yet it remains ill-defined and challenging to operationalize. This paper explores the concept and provides a polemic intended to generate discussion within the field. Effectiveness is a more nuanced concept than generally accepted and is best considered a superordinate concept that synthesizes other lower order concepts. Feature matching approaches are most common but provide, at best, a partial account of effective practice. This has also led to a focus on ineffective behavior. The simplistic notion of effectiveness as goal achievement is not as straightforward as it seems and in setting the bar too high, effectiveness has been equated with excellence. Effective coaching should imply that coaches have drawn on their expertise to harness appropriately the resources available in the context of environment and ambition. In this sense, effective coaching is a realizable goal for all coaches; it may or may not lead to performance success. It remains a useful “unifying label” for reasoning about sport coaching.

Coaching

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Negative Outcomes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Disability ◽  
Disability Sport ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Athletes With Disabilities ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Training ◽  
Sport Coaching

The purpose of this chapter is to examine research on disability sport coaching. Many athletes with disabilities receive no or very minimal coaching, although elite athletes (e.g., Paralympians) from wealthy countries usually have the benefit of good coaching during the Paralympics and at national training camps. The chapter first documents the history of coaching in disability sport and notes some negative outcomes of self-coaching. Coaches’ attitudes toward disability sport are addressed, which are mostly positive but colored by inexperience, a lack of knowledge about disability conditions, and how various impairments influence sport performance. Coaches face various challenges, such as trying to understand when impairments hamper training or when inadequate training might be the result of fatigue, lack of skill or knowledge, or lack of effort. Positive athlete outcomes stemming from effective coaching are discussed. such as reduced anxiety and enhanced confidence. Finally, effective disability sport coaching practices are reviewed.

Division-I Student-Athletes’ Affective and Cognitive Responses to Receiving Confirmation From Their Head Coach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Cranmer ◽  
Ryan J. Gagnon ◽  
Joseph P. Mazer
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Division I ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Head Coach ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Coaching Behavior ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness

Coach confirmation—a behavior that encompasses coaches’ recognition, endorsement, and acknowledgment of athletes—has been forwarded as an effective coaching behavior that redresses ineffective and antisocial patterns of coaching. Empirical evidence of its effectiveness, however, has been limited to athlete affect and based on data from retrospective samples of former high school athletes. This study addresses these limitations by exploring the effectiveness of coaches’ use of confirmation with collegiate student-athletes and considers its influence on their satisfaction with coaches and sport, competitiveness, and cognitive learning. Data obtained from 177 Division-I student-athletes revealed that coaches’ use of challenge increases student-athletes’ satisfaction, motivation, competitiveness, and learning, whereas the use of acceptance only determines satisfaction. These findings demonstrate that confirmation is an effective coaching behavior, its dimensions function independently, and challenge best fulfills the multidimensional nature of coaching effectiveness. The implications of this data reveal that confirmation theory functions uniquely within the athletic context, and coach effectiveness is largely determined by the implementation of strategies and efforts to refine skill sets and assist in development.

scholarly journals Challenges for the Theory and Practice of Business Coaching

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Blackman ◽  
Gianna Moscardo ◽  
David E. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Business Coaching ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness ◽  
Development Practice

Until recently, there has been little published systematic empirical research into business coaching. This article reports on a systematic, critical review of 111 published empirical papers investigating business coaching theory, processes, and outcomes. The present article identifies a significantly larger body of empirical research than covered in previous reviews and uses a Systematic Review methodology (SRm) to conduct a comprehensive review of the available empirical evidence into business coaching effectiveness focusing on implications for theoretical development, practice (within human resource development) and further research in this area. This review identifies convergence around factors that contribute to perceived effective coaching practice but nevertheless highlights a number of issues to be resolved in further research. These include determining the primary beneficiaries of coaching, the factors that contribute to coach credibility, and how the organizational and social context impacts on coaching. Weaknesses in coaching research methodology and research gaps are also noted.

Insights into the Importance of Relational Coaching for Masters Sport

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Callary ◽  
Chelsea Currie ◽  
Bradley W. Young
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Interdependence Theory ◽  
Masters Athletes ◽  
Sport Coaching

Research into the Masters (or adult) sport context has revealed important socially mediated participatory motives for Masters athletes, including a strong connection between their learning in sport and the relationships they have with their coaches. The purpose of this insights article was to identify and describe links between relevant relational perspectives in sport coaching and dominant themes extracted from research pertaining to the psychosocial aspects of coaching adults. Three theoretical perspectives are purposively explored: interdependence theory, humanistic coaching, and andragogy. We considered how these parallel bodies of literature ascribe to the particularities of coaching adults to provide insight on how to frame effective coaching approaches and coach–athlete interrelations for this unique athletic sample. We make the case for ongoing research using an andragogical model of coaching in Masters sport in understanding how coaching Masters athletes is a complex and nuanced phenomenon.

Swimming Coaches’ Perceptions of Sexual Exploitation in Sport: A Preliminary Model of Role Conflict and Role Ambiguity

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy D. Bringer ◽  
Celia H. Brackenridge ◽  
Lynne H. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Preliminary Model ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness ◽  
Depth Interviews

Bringer, Brackenridge, and Johnston (2002) identified role conflict and ambiguity as an emerging theme for some swimming coaches who felt under increased scrutiny because of wider concerns about sexual exploitation in sport (Boocock, 2002). To further understand this emerging theme, 3 coaches who had engaged in sexual relations with athletes, or had allegations of abuse brought against them, took part in in-depth interviews. Grounded theory method (Strauss & Corbin, 1998) was adopted to explore how these coaches responded differently to increased public scrutiny. The findings are discussed in relation to how sport psychologists can help to shape perceptions of coaching effectiveness that are congruent with child protection measures. Reflective practice is proposed as one method by which coaches may embed child and athlete protection in their definition of effective coaching, rather than seeing it as an external force to which they must accommodate.

Developing and Implementing a Coaching Philosophy: Guidance from Award-Winning Strength and Conditioning Coaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Gillham ◽  
Gary Schofield ◽  
Michael Doscher ◽  
Dan Dalrymple ◽  
Joe Kenn
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Award Winning ◽  
Sport Coaches ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness ◽  
Sport Coaching

Traditional examinations of coaching philosophies consider the perspective of sport coaches (e.g., soccer, cricket, rugby). The focus on sport coaches’ coaching philosophy has advanced the study of coaching effectiveness while simultaneously omitting strength and conditioning coaches from the larger body of literature on coaching philosophy. The purpose of this paper is to reveal how award winning strength and conditioning coaches shape and use their coaching philosophy. The participants include four renowned strength and conditioning coaches, one at the high school, one at the college, and two at the professional level. A summary is provided at the end that examines commonalities (e.g., all the respondents expressed the need to have a specific coaching philosophy) and differences (e.g., how discipline factors into their coaching philosophy) across the respondents’ views and connects their viewpoints to the broader literature on sport coaching.

scholarly journals Understanding Effective Coaching: A Foucauldian Reading of Current Coach Education Frameworks

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Avner ◽  
Pirkko Markula ◽  
Jim Denison
Keyword(s):  
Coach Education ◽  
Narrow Focus ◽  
Coach Development ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
International Sport ◽  
Sport Coaching

Drawing on a modified version of Foucault’s (1972) analysis of discursive formations, we selected key coach education texts in Canada to examine what discourses currently shape effective coaching in Canada in order to detect what choices Canadian coaches have to know about “being an effective coach.” We then compared the most salient aspects of our reading to the International Sport Coaching Framework. Our Foucauldian reading of the two Canadian coach education websites showed that the present set of choices for coaches to practice “effectively” is narrow and that correspondingly the potential for change and innovation is limited in scope. Our comparison with the International Sport Coaching Framework, however, showed more promise as we found that its focus on the development of coach competences allowed for different coaching knowledges and coaching aims than a narrow focus on performance and results. We then conclude this Insights Paper by offering some comments on the implications of our Foucauldian reading as well as some suggestions to address our concerns about the dominance of certain knowledges and the various effects of this dominance for athletes, coaches, coach development and the coaching profession at large.

scholarly journals Athlete Perceptions of Coaching Effectiveness and Athlete-Level Outcomes in Team and Individual Sports: A Cross-Cultural Investigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad F. Mohd Kassim ◽  
Ian D. Boardley
Keyword(s):  
Moral Identity ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Coaching Efficacy ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Sport Type ◽  
Character Building ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness

This research aimed to investigate whether athletes’ perceptions of their coach’s effectiveness on dimensions of coaching efficacy (i.e., motivation, technique, character building) predicted indicators of their competence, confidence, connection, and character in athletes from the UK and Malaysia. Athletes from team (volleyball, UK n = 46, Malaysia n = 49; hockey, UK n = 34, Malaysia n = 47; and basketball, UK n = 50, Malaysia n = 50) and individual (squash, UK n = 47, Malaysia n = 44; table tennis, UK n = 48, Malaysia n = 47; and golf, UK n = 44, Malaysia n = 47) sports completed questionnaires assessing the study variables. Multiple-regression analyses controlling for athletes’ sex, sport experience, and sport type showed in both samples that perceived motivation effectiveness positively predicted athletes’ connection and sport confidence, perceived technique effectiveness positively predicted their sport competence, and perceived character-building effectiveness positively predicted their moral identity. Thus, athletes’ perceptions of their coach may have important implications for athletes’ sport experiences in team and individual sports even in divergent cultures. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance for the coaching efficacy model and the athlete-level outcomes resulting from effective coaching.

scholarly journals Effective Sports Coaching: A Systematic Integrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul Mills ◽  
kyran clements
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Youth Athletes ◽  
Effective Coaching ◽  
Significant Figures ◽  
Coaching Effectiveness ◽  
Sports Coaching

Research investigating coaching effectiveness is of great importance to ensure the sporting experience and development of athletes is optimised. Coaches are significant figures for the athletes they coach, especially for youth athletes within sporting programmes. Therefore, understanding what makes an ‘effective coach’ in terms of leadership and coaching behaviours will only aid positive youth development and help ensure youth athletes are afforded optimal opportunities to enhance their skills and attributes. This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive review of the coaching effectiveness literature. A systematic search was conducted of four electronic databases: PsycArticles, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Scholarly peer-reviewed studies published in English were included in this review. The initial search yielded 137 papers, with 45 papers retained and referenced within the review following screening. Studies either developed a measurement tool to assess coaching behaviour, evaluated a measurement tool, or employed such tools in studies assessing sources, dimensions or outcomes of coaching behaviour. Overall, the review offers support for the importance of athletes’ perceptions of coaching behaviours in shaping an athletes’ psychological development and well-being. Understanding athlete perceptions of effective coaching behaviours and how they impact specific outcomes may help to improve positive development in youth athletes.

scholarly journals Accomplishment of goal levels in multi team systems: Role of leadership skills and multicultural teams

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1791-1796
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nawaz ◽  
Asma Tahir ◽  
Rana Mumtaz Khan ◽  
Ghulam Abbas Bhatti ◽  
Alina Namatullah
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Multicultural Teams ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Functional Process

Teams are increasingly engaged in networked interaction across teams and organizational boundaries in order to achieve complex, lower order and higher order goals. Considering the fact that the goals accomplishment is the basic necessity of organizations, this study aims at exploring the accomplishment of goal levels in multi team systems (MTSs). There exists an absence of theoretical models focused on systems composed of such teams. This study therefore, proposes a predictive model to improve understanding in this regard. It has been suggested that the higher order goals are more effective to accomplish under sequential and reciprocal functional process inter dependencies. Conversely, the lower order goals are more effective to accomplish under intensive functional process inter dependency. However, this goal achievement requires facilitators to make it more effective because of which moderators such as leadership skills and multicultural teams are proposed within the suggested framework.

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