scholarly journals The Effects of Respiratory-Muscle Training on Exercise in Older Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Watsford ◽  
Aron Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Significant Performance ◽  
Walking Performance

This research examined the effects of respiratory-muscle (RM) training on RM function and exercise performance in older women. Twenty-six women (60–69 yr of age) were assessed for spirometry, RM strength (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure), inspiratory-muscle endurance, and walking performance to a perceived exertion rating of “hard.” They were randomly allocated to a threshold RM training group (RMT) or a nonexercising control group (CON) for 8 wk. After training, the 22% (inspiratory) and 30% (expiratory) improvements in RM strength in the RMT group were significantly higher than in the CON group (p< .05). The RMT group also displayed several significant performance improvements, including improved within-group treadmill performance time (12%) and reductions in submaximal heart rate (5%), percentage of maximum voluntary ventilation (16%), and perceived exertion for breathing (8%). RM training appears to improve RM function in older women. Furthermore, these improvements appear to be related to improved submaximal exercise performance.

scholarly journals Effect of Artificial Respiratory Muscle Training in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 669-678
Author(s):  
Decha PINKAEW ◽  
Jirakrit LEELARUNGRAYUB ◽  
Khanittha WONGLANGKA ◽  
Jakkrit KLAPHAJONE
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is a chronic lung pathology that leads to respiratory muscle weakness and decreased function capacity. Patients need to have pulmonary rehabilitation to increase respiratory muscle strength. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of artificial respiratory muscle training (ARMT) on respiratory muscle function and exercise performance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thirty patients in the mild to moderate COPD stage were randomly classified into an ARMT (n = 10), a control group (n = 10), and a standard respiratory muscle training group (SRMT; n = 10) by following the blind procedure. The control group received no training. The training groups, however, were trained at home for 30 min per day, every day, for 6 weeks. The measurement analyses included spirometry, an inspiratory muscle strength examination, and an exercise performance test. Exercise performance was evaluated by a 6 min walk test (SWT). The results showed that the maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and the maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax) were observed to have significantly increased in both the ARMT group and the SRMT group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ARMT group was found to have significantly increased the 6 min walking distance in comparison with the control group. However, the ARMT group and the SRMT group did not differ significantly in those parameters. We conclude that it would be possible for the ARMT group among COPD patients to have improved respiratory muscle strength and increased capacity to walk. 

scholarly journals Integrative respiratory and skeletal musculature training in patients with functional class II–IV chronic heart failure and low or intermediate left ventricular ejection fraction: Design and rationale

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
J. L. Begrambekova ◽  
N. A. Karanadze ◽  
V. Yu. Mareev ◽  
E. A. Kolesnikova ◽  
Ya. A. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training

Respiratory system remodeling plays an important role in the progression of congestive heart failure (CHF). Decreased oxygenation of the respiratory muscles during intense physical exertion in patients with CHF may aggravate respiratory failure and provoke hyperactivation of the inspiratory metaborefl ex, thereby aggravating exercise intolerance due to a decrease in muscular system perfusion. Respiratory muscle training can minimize the eff ects of inspiration metaborefl ex activation and prolong the duration of exercise.Trial design. This is a prospective randomized trial with a sham control. The trial will include 40 adult patients of both genders with NYHA II-III CHF and with ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 49%. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either Active or Control group. Active group will receive four-week guided respiratory muscles training followed by 12-week guided aerobic training (treadmill walking). Control group will receive four-week sham respiratory muscles training (THRESHOLD® IMT breathing trainer with level slightly above 0), followed by 12 weeks guided aerobic training (treadmill walking). The primary aim is to compare the eff ect of diff erent training modalities on functional capacity (peak VO2 ). Secondary outcome measures include changes in respiratory muscle strength, serum biomarkers (NT-proBNP and ST2) and Angiotensin II. Health-related quality of life (MLwHFQ.23) and psycho-emotional state of patients also will be assessed.The study also planned an additional analysis with a suitable group of patients who were screened but refused to participate in the study.Conclusion. Heart failure patients often give up exercise due to symptoms of shortness of breath and muscle weakness. We suggest that the training technique based on the inclusion of respiratory muscle training as the fi rst stage of cardiac rehabilitation will positively aff ect the eff ectiveness of subsequent aerobic training in patients with heart failure, by reducing the activity of RAAS and SAS and increasing respiratory effi ciency. 

scholarly journals Nocebo Effects on Perceived Muscle Soreness and Exercise Performance Following Unaccustomed Resistance Exercise: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Blake H. McLemore ◽  
Sarah G. McLemore ◽  
Rebecca R. Rogers ◽  
Joseph A. Pederson ◽  
Tyler D. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Belief ◽  
Nocebo Effects ◽  
Negative Expectation

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nocebo administration on perceived soreness and exercise performance following unaccustomed resistance exercise. Untrained males were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: (1) control or (2) negative-belief. For the negative-belief group, participants were given a capsule before exercise containing 400 mg of an inert substance (gluten-free cornstarch) and were told the supplement would increase muscle soreness. The control group received no treatment. An algometer and pain scale was used to obtain soreness, and a goniometer was used to measure elbow range of motion (ROM). Participants completed an eccentric bicep curl pyramid with their non-dominant arm. Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and repetitions were recorded. Then, 48 h after the initial exercise bout, participants repeated all procedures. Perceived soreness, ROM, average RPE, and total repetitions performed were analyzed. Perceived soreness was significantly higher in both control and negative-belief groups 48 h after exercise (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.23). ROM was significantly lower 48 h post in the negative-belief group (p = 0.004; d = 1.83) while no differences existed for controls (p = 0.999; d = 0.16). Average RPE was unaffected between groups (p = 0.282; η2 = 0.07). Total repetitions were significantly lower 48 h post in the negative-belief group (p < 0.001; d = 2.51) while no differences existed for the controls (p = 0.999; d = 0.08). Findings suggest that 48 h after unaccustomed resistance exercise, negative expectation does not worsen soreness but hinders ROM and exercise performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria À. Cebrià i Iranzo ◽  
Mercè Balasch-Bernat ◽  
María Á. Tortosa-Chuliá ◽  
Sebastià Balasch-Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Peripheral Muscle

This study compares the effects of two resistance training programs in peripheral and respiratory musculature on muscle mass and strength and physical performance and identifies the appropriate muscle mass parameter for assessing the intervention effects. Thirty-seven institutionalized older Spanish adults with sarcopenia were analyzed: control group (n = 17), respiratory muscle training group (n = 9), and peripheral muscle training group (n = 11). Measured outcomes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/height2, ASM/weight, and ASM/BMI), isometric knee extension, arm flexion and handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and gait speed pre- and postintervention. Trained groups participated in a 12-week program and improved in maximum static inspiratory pressure, maximum static expiratory pressure, knee extension, and arm flexion (p < .05), whereas nonsignificant changes were found in gait speed and ASM indexes pre- and postintervention in the three groups. In conclusion, resistance training improved skeletal muscle strength in the studied population, and any ASM index was found to be appropriate for detecting changes after physical interventions.

Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Dyspnea and Exercise Performance in Cancer Survivors

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Ray ◽  
Brian T. Williams ◽  
Jennifer L. Cook ◽  
Nicholas Maxwell ◽  
Martin C. Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training

scholarly journals Respiratory Muscle Training Improves Functional Outcomes and Reduces Fatigue in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Single-Center Hospital-Based Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che-Wei Hsu ◽  
Hui-Chen Lin ◽  
Wan-Chen Tsai ◽  
Yun-Ru Lai ◽  
Chih-Cheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Home Based

Background. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by muscle fatigue and fluctuating weakness. Impairment in respiratory strength and endurance has been described in patients with generalized MG. We tested the hypothesis that respiratory muscle training (RMT) can improve functional outcomes and reduce fatigue in patients with MG. Methods. Eighteen patients with mild to moderate MG participated in this study. The training group underwent home-based RMT three times a week for 12 weeks. Sixteen patients with MG without RMT were enrolled as a disease control group. Lung function, autonomic testing, Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory-Short Form (MFSI-SF), and functional outcome measurement by using quantitative myasthenia gravis (QMG) score and myasthenia gravis composite (MGC) scale were measured before and after the 12-week RMT. Results. The 12-week RMT significantly increased forced vital capacity (FVC) from 77.9±12.6% to 83.8±17.7% (p=0.03), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) from 75.2±18.3% to 83.3±19.0% (p=0.002), and 6-minute walking distance from 403.4±72.2 m to 466.1±68.5 m (p=0.003). The QMG score improved from 9.6±4.1 to 8.1±4.3 (p=0.04) and the MGC scale from 4.4±3.5 to 2.7±2.9 (p=0.02). The fatigue score (MFSI-SF) reduced from 17.1±14.7 to 13.5±16.9 (p=0.03). Conclusion. The home-based RMT is an effective pulmonary function training for MG patients. The RMT can not only improve short-term outcomes but also reduce fatigue in patients with mild to moderate generalized MG.

scholarly journals Selection of the optimal respiratory muscle training mode in patients with class II-III chronic heart failure

Kardiologiia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
A. G. Arutyunov ◽  
E. A. Kolesnikova ◽  
K. V. Ilyina ◽  
A. K. Rylova ◽  
G. P. Arutyunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Diaphragm Muscle ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Combined Training

Aim To study the effect of various types of respiratory muscle training (RMT) in patients with functional class (FC) II-III chronic heart failure (CHF) and more than 70% preserved diaphragm muscle mass.Material and methods 53 patients (28 men and 25 women) aged 50-75 years with NYHA FC II-III ischemic heart disease (IHD) and arterial hypertension with more than 70% preserved diaphragm muscle mass of >70% were randomized to one of four RMT types: static loads, dynamic loads, their combination, and breathing without applied resistance as a control. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) were evaluated at baseline and in 6 months.Results All study groups showed significant improvement of physical endurance indexes compared to baseline values (р<0.05). In pairwise comparison, the groups significantly differed (р<0.01). The greatest improvement was observed for patients of dynamic and combined training groups. Furthermore, in the combined training group, results were significantly higher than in the group of isolated dynamic loads. The most significant (р <0.01), positive changes in the force of inspiratory muscles were observed in groups of dynamic and combined trainings with the best results displayed by patients of the combined training group.Conclusion With preserving more than 70 % of diaphragm muscle tissue (as determined by MIP >60 cm H2O), a combination of static and dynamic RMT is most effective for patients with FC II-III CHF.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING AND RESPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING IN IMPROVING SWIMMING PERFORMANCE AMONG COLLEGIATE SWIMMERS - AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (Spl-1- GCSGD_2020) ◽  
pp. S125-S132
Author(s):  
Sivaguru Muthusamy ◽  
◽  
Ambusam Subramaniam ◽  
K. Balasubramanian ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Group A ◽  
Individualized Training

Previous researches have been conducted to determine the types of training to improve swimming performance. Nevertheless, no study has been done on the individualized training approach among swimmers. Hence, this study aimed (i) to examine the effects of respiratory muscle training on swimming performance (ii) to examine the effects of combined respiratory muscle training with individualized training on swimming performance, and (iii) to compare the differences between the isolated respiratory muscle training, combined intervention of respiratory muscle training with individualized training and usual training on swimming performance. For this, 45 collegiate swimmers with no previous injuries and swims regularly for at least 1 hour per week participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned into three groups; Group A: Respiratory muscle training and Individualized Training, Group B: Respiratory muscle training alone, and Group C: Usual training session. The difference within the groups after four weeks of the intervention was analyzed using Paired T-test, while the differences between intervention groups were analyzed using repeated measure two-way ANOVA. Both the intervention groups (Group A and B) showed significant improvement after four weeks of intervention, whereas in group comparison, Group A showed tremendous improvement in swimming performance (F (17,238) = 8.385, p<0.05, np2 = 0.375). Thus, the current study has proven that the combination of respiratory muscle training with individualized training could further enhance the swimming performance in terms of heart rate, Vo2 max, stroke volume, perceived exertion, and SWOLF score. Future studies on athletic swimmers with a larger sample size are recommended to further examine the individualized training approach.

scholarly journals Effect of Complete Respiratory Muscle Training (cRMT) on Dysphonia following Single CVA: A retrospective pilot study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Arnold ◽  
Christopher S Gaskill ◽  
Nina Bausek
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Inspiratory Muscles

AbstractBackgroundAlthough dysphonia is less prevalent than dysphagia following cerebrovascular accidents, dysphonia does contribute to the burden of disease resulting from stroke. Strengthening muscles of the larynx and respiratory tract through respiratory muscle training (RMT) has proven effective in improving voice after neurological insult. However, approaches to strengthen only the expiratory muscle groups (EMST) dominate the clinical study literature, with variable outcomes. By focusing on exhalation, the contribution of inspiratory muscles to phonation may have been overlooked. This study investigated the effect of combined respiratory muscle training (cRMT) to improve voice function in stroke patients.MethodsRecorded data of twenty patients with dysphonia following stroke were allocated to an intervention (IG) or a control group (CG) based upon whether they chose cRMT or not while awaiting pro bono voice therapy services. The intervention group (N=10) was treated daily with three 5-minute sessions of complete resistive respiratory muscle training for 28 days, while the control group (N=10) received no cRMT or other exercise intervention. Perceptual and acoustic measurements as well as a pulmonary function test were assessed pre-and post-intervention.ResultsThe intervention group demonstrated significant improvements after 28 days of combined respiratory muscle training (cRMT) in peak flow (127%), patient self-perception of voice improvement (84.41%), as well as in five of the six categories of the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) overall severity (63.22%), breathiness (61.06%), strain (63.43%), pitch range (48.11%) and loudness (57.51%), compared to the control group who did not receive treatment. Furthermore, cRMT also led to significant improvements in maximum phonation time (212.5%) and acoustic parameters of vocal intensity and semitone range.ConclusionThis pilot study shows promise of the feasibility and effectiveness of cRMT to lessen the signs and symptoms of dysphonia while simultaneously improving breath support.

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