scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in Performance and Recovery Kinetics in Masters Athletes: A Narrative Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattai Borges ◽  
Peter Reaburn ◽  
Matthew Driller ◽  
Christos Argus
Keyword(s):  
Sport Participation ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Masters Athletes ◽  
Masters Athlete ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Age Related Changes

Despite increasing participation rates in masters sport and extensive research examining age-related changes in performance, little is known about the effect of age on recovery kinetics in masters athletes. This narrative review focuses on the relationship between aging and sport participation, and the effect on both performance and recovery following an exercise bout. Current research suggests the effect of age on performance and recovery may be smaller than originally suggested and that increasing sedentary lifestyles appear to play a larger role in any observed decrements in performance and recovery in masters athletes. Currently, it appears that performance decrements are inevitable with age. However, performance capacities can be maintained through systematic physical training. Moreover, the limited current research suggests there may be an age effect on recovery kinetics following an exercise bout, although further research is required to understand the acute and chronic recovery processes in the masters athlete.

scholarly journals Auditory word recognition across the lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike K. Blumenfeld ◽  
Scott R. Schroeder ◽  
Susan C. Bobb ◽  
Max R. Freeman ◽  
Viorica Marian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in the Behaviour of Domestic Horses as Reported by Owners

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibiana Burattini ◽  
Kate Fenner ◽  
Ashley Anzulewicz ◽  
Nicole Romness ◽  
Jessica McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Domestic Horses ◽  
Log Odds ◽  
Multivariable Modelling ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Age Related Changes

The broad traits of boldness and independence in domestic horses can affect their usefulness and, indirectly, their welfare. The objective of the current study was to explore associations between attributes that reflect equine boldness and independence with both the age of horses and the age at which they were started under saddle, as well as other variables including breed, colour and primary equestrian discipline. All data were sourced from responses (n = 1940) to the 97-question online Equine Behaviour Assessment and Research Questionnaire (E-BARQ). Twenty E-BARQ items from the dataset were selected to reflect boldness and independence and were tested for univariate significance at p < 0.2. Multivariable modelling of the effect of age on remaining traits was assessed by an ordinal logistic regression, using a cumulative log odds model. This revealed that older horses were bolder (p = 0.012). However, horses started under saddle at an older age were less bold and less independent (p = 0.040 and p = 0.010, respectively). Australian Stock Horses were bolder and more independent (p = 0.014 and p = 0.007, respectively) than crossbreed horses. Horses used for breeding conformation (p = 0.039), working equitation (p = 0.045), eventing (p = 0.044) and traditional working horses (p = 0.034) were bolder than those used for other disciplines. Dressage (p = 0.039) and therapy (p = 0.040) horses were less bold than horses used for other disciplines. Stallions were bolder (p = −0.034) than geldings. Brown (p = 0.049) and chestnut (p = 0.027) horses were less bold than bay horses. Compared to crossbreed horses, Thoroughbreds (p = 0.000) and companion horses (p = 0.017) were less bold whilst heavy horses (p = 0.029) and ponies (p = 0.044) were bolder. Compared to pleasure horses, mounted games horses (p = 0.033) were less independent whereas working equitation horses (p = 0.020) were more independent. Riders with more than eight years’ experience reported more independence in their horses (p = 0.015) than those who had ridden their whole lives. The study findings suggest that boldness and independence are separate traits and only boldness was associated with the age of the horse. Factors that relate to desirable boldness and independence are important in ridden horses because they can affect rider safety. Results from this study should improve horse–rider matching and thereby potentially enhance horse welfare.

Objectively Measured Age-Related Changes in the Intensity Distribution of Daily Physical Activity in Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ayabe ◽  
Takuya Yahiro ◽  
Myumi Yoshioka ◽  
Hiroyuki Higuchi ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Background:The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between age and the intensity of the daily physical activity in men and women, aged 18 to 69 years.Methods:A total 507 volunteers continuously wore a pedometer with a uni-ax-ial accelerometer (Lifecorder, Kenz, Japan) for 7 days, to determine the number of steps (steps/day) as well as the time spent in physical activity (minutes/day) at light (below 3 METs), moderate (3 to 6 METs), and vigorous (above 6 METs) intensities, respectively. All procedures carried out in the present investigation were conducted from 1999 to 2000 in Japan.Results:The time spent in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity significantly decreased with aging (P < 0.01). In contrast, the middle- to older-aged individuals spent a longer time in light intensity physical activity in comparison with the younger individuals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, these age-associated differences of physical activity were also significant, even though the number of steps did not differ significantly.Conclusions:These results indicate that the intensity of daily physical activity decreases with increasing age regardless of the amount of daily physical activity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Age-related Changes and Loss of Teeth on Masticatory Ability in the Senescence-Accelerated Mouse (SAM).

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-611
Author(s):  
Eiji Hozumi ◽  
Daisuke Kato ◽  
Hiroshi Murakami ◽  
Takashi Yokoyama ◽  
Yutaka Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Related ◽  
Masticatory Ability ◽  
Senescence Accelerated Mouse ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals 'Mid-Life Greenness': Environmental Consciousness among European Consumers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin Beer
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Consciousness ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age

<p>Identifying characteristics of green consumers has proven to be a complex undertaking for many researchers and no clear consensus yet exists. This is particularly true of the effect of age on awareness of environmental effects. My aim in this study is to model the relationship between age and environmental consciousness using a large sample of over twenty six thousand respondents in 28 countries to a specially designed survey requested by the European Commission. I use the 2009 Flash Eurobarometer survey (no. 256) designed to address European attitudes towards sustainable consumption. I choose six questions from the survey in order to capture measures of environmental knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. Using multiple regression analysis, I test for the influence of age on environmental consciousness after controlling for gender, education level, occupation and urban vs. rural residence. The results reveal an interesting ‘inverse U’ shape of environmental consciousness by age for both men and women implying that environmental consciousness peaks at middle age. Extending the regression into multilevel modelling, allows me to test for variations in the inverse U shape across countries of Europe. The results indicate country level variations in both the level and shape of the curve from one country to another. Although similar in many countries, caution is required in making gross generalisations about age related sustainable consumption patterns in Europe as a whole.</p>

scholarly journals Readiness to Master Age-Related Changes and Biographical Reflection in the Context of Late Age and Professional Employment

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Tamara Borisovna Sergeeva ◽  
Natalia Stepanovna Glukhaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Older People ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Personal Mobility ◽  
Life Patterns ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

The relevance of studying the readiness to master age-temporal changes and biographical reflection as components of the personal mobility of older people is due to the insufficient representation of theoreti-cal models and empirical evidence on the relation-ship between age and professional development at a later age, as well as the complex determinants of this process. The aim of the study is to describe the nature of the relationship between the readiness to master the age and the biographical reflection of working and non-working pensioners, what will make it possible to differentiate the age and profes-sional contexts of development. Empirical research has shown that working older people are more likely to analyze their own life events and other people’s life patterns. At the same time, the readiness to mas-ter the age of working and non-working pensioners practically does not differ. The components of read-iness (motivational and cognitive) to master age-temporal changes have a different character of con-jugation with the parameters of biographical reflec-tion. The results showed a greater dependence of the studied indicators on the age context than on professional employment.

scholarly journals Investigation of Fasting Plasma Glucose in Masters Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Joe Walsh ◽  
◽  
Ian Timothy Heazlewood ◽  
Mark DeBeliso ◽  
Mike Climstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Masters Athletes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Prior research documented differences in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between older and younger masters athletes at the Golden Oldies Rugby Festival (GORF). It was the purpose of our study to further investigate FPG on a larger sample. FPG data was collected on 486 participants at the Sydney World Masters Games. Of the males, 241 reported optimal FPG and 36 reported sub-optimal FPG. For females 183 reported optimal FPG and 26 reported sub-optimal FPG. Analysis was conducted utilising the age ranges implemented in past research on the GORF. The mean FPG for masters athletes below 50 years old was 5.10±1.52 mmol/L, whilst for those 50 years and above it was 5.01±1.02. The difference between the groups was not significant (t = 0.722, p = 0.471). This aligned with the finding of the GORF study that there was no significant difference in FPG between the different age ranges analysed. The sample size obtained for this investigation of FPG in masters athletes was more than double the number of participants used in previous research on the GORF. Many participants had FPG above optimal levels. Therefore, an age-related decline in pancreatic function may outweigh protective exercise benefits attained from masters sport participation.

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