Differences in Body Fatness, Fat Patterning and Cardio-Respiratory Fitness Between Groups of Australian Children Formed on the Basis of Physical Activity and Television Viewing Guidelines

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Jim Dollman ◽  
Kate Ridley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness ◽  
Fitness Measures ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Background:Evidence suggests that a substantial proportion of children meet guidelines for sufficient physical activity, but also exceed TV guidelines. Health-related consequences of this combination are unknown.Methods:843 children, (age 10-11 y), were surveyed for health-related fitness [endurance performance (20 m MST), skinfolds, waist girth], daily TV and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children were grouped using daily TV (≤ 120 min) and MVPA (≥ 60 min) guidelines: hiTV-hiMVPA/“technoactives”’; hiTV-loMVPA/“screenies”; and loTV-hiMVPA/“sporties.” Groups were compared on health-related fitness measures.Results:There was a trend (P = 0.07) towards higher girls’ skinfolds among “screenies” than “sporties.” Boys’ waist girths were higher among “technoactives” than “sporties” (P = 0.008). Male “technoactives” outperformed “screenies” on the 20 m MST (P = 0.03). Female “sporties” (P = 0.004) and “technoactives” (P = 0.0002) outperformed “screenies” on the 20 m MST.Conclusions:“Technoactives” were no different than “sporties” on endurance fitness but exhibited less favorable fat distribution among boys. Overall, “screenies” exhibited the least favorable health profiles.

Television viewing, physical activity, and health-related fitness of youth in the Québec family study

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 318-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽  
Robert M Malina ◽  
Thomas M.K Song ◽  
Claude Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Quebec Family Study ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Weekday Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness of Youths with Visual Impairments and those with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Visual Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. Haegele ◽  
Xihe Zhu ◽  
T. Nicole Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Muscular Endurance ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Introduction Youths with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision), as well as those who are visually impaired and have autism spectrum disorder (hereafter, autism), tend to be physically inactive and have low health-related fitness. However, little is known about individuals with dual disabilities, such as those with autism and visual impairments. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform an initial exploration of physical activity and health-related fitness for these students in comparison to students with visual impairments alone. Methods Twelve participants (six with visual impairments, six with autism and visual impairments) aged 8–16 years (Mage = 12.4) who came from a school for students with visual impairments were participants. Participants wore tri-axial accelerometers on their right hips for four consecutive weekdays, during waking hours, to measure weekday physical activity. Following that task, they completed four health-related fitness tests, including a half-mile walk or run to measure aerobic endurance, a push-up test to measure upper-body muscular endurance, a modified curl-up test to measure abdominal muscular endurance, and a sit-and-reach test to determine flexibility. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests to identify differences between groups. Results On average, the participants accrued 650.17 ± 141.44 minutes of sedentary time, 129.80 ± 66.78 minutes of light physical activity, and 19.78 ± 3.35 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per weekday. No participants met the 60-minute recommendations of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Participants with autism and visual impairments were significantly less physically active (p = .02) and less likely to pass fitness tests (p = .01) than were their peers with visual impairments alone. Discussion This study provides the first empirical exploration of health-related variables for youths with autism and visual impairments. It is clear that developing and implementing interventions to help enhance physical activity and health-related fitness for those youths are needed. Implications for practitioners Additional training and resources to understand the unique needs of these youths are essential in providing opportunities to participate in physical activities and enhancing health-related physical fitness.

Associations Between Objectively Assessed Components of Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness in 10- to 14-Year-Old Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 993-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn De Baere ◽  
Renaat Philippaerts ◽  
Kristine De Martelaer ◽  
Johan Lefevre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
Electronic Diary ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Background:Our aim was to investigate the association between different components of physical activity (PA) and health-related fitness in 10-to 14-year-old children.Methods:241 children were recruited from 15 primary and 15 secondary schools. PA was assessed using the SenseWear Mini and an electronic diary. Health-related fitness was assessed using Eurofit and translated into indicators of body fatness, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness. Associations between PA intensity and physical fitness components were determined using multiple linear regression models adjusted for possible confounders and the contribution of PA domains per intensity categories was calculated.Results:Associations between PA intensities and body fatness were low to moderate (|β| = 0.09 to 0.44), explaining up to 6% of the variance in boys and 17% in girls. For cardiorespiratory fitness, associations were higher (|β| = 0.17 to 0.56), with PA explaining up to 6% of the variance in boys and 31% in girls. Low-tomoderate associations (|β| = 0.06 to 0.43) were found for muscular fitness, with PA explaining up to 7% in boys and 13% in girls. Stronger associations were found for sedentary and light activities.Conclusions:Low-to-moderate associations between PA and fitness components were observed, with higher associations in girls. Sedentary and light intensity activity showed the strongest link with body fatness, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness of Adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Brusseau ◽  
Ryan D. Burns ◽  
James C. Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
After School ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Before School ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Background. The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity patterns and health-related fitness levels of adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System.Methods. Participants included 68 adolescents (Mean age = 17.1 ± 1.0 years) in two secure Juvenile Justice correctional facilities in the Western USA. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was monitored for one week using the ActiGraph GT9X accelerometer. Health-related fitness was measured using the FITNESSGRAM test battery.Results. Adolescents averaged 43.3±21.6 minutes of MVPA per weekday compared to 42.7±27.5 per weekend day. During school hours, adolescents accumulated 17.1±9.0 minutes of MVPA compared to 5.9±3.4 minutes before school and 21.0±13.6 minutes after school. Adolescents averaged 18.9±11.0 push-ups, 44.5±26.4 curl-ups, 34.7±24.8 PACER laps, and 22.1%±10.0% body fat.Conclusions. Adolescents within the Juvenile Justice System are falling short of the recommended 60 minutes of MVPA per day and 30 minutes of MVPA during school and also need to improve their health-related fitness, especially cardiorespiratory endurance.

Knowledge in Action: Fitness Lesson Segments That Teach Health-Related Fitness in Elementary Physical Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Hodges ◽  
Pamela Hodges Kulinna ◽  
Hans van der Mars ◽  
Chong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
School Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Elementary Physical Education ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

The purpose of this study was to determine students’ health-related fitness knowledge (HRFK) and physical activity levels after the implementation of a series of fitness lessons segments called Knowledge in Action (KIA). KIA aims to teach health-related fitness knowledge (HRFK) during short episodes of the physical education lesson. Teacher participants from one district (N = 10) were randomly assigned into either the intervention or comparison group. Intervention teachers used the KIA fitness lessons during fifth grade students’ physical education classes. These teachers received training sessions, teaching materials, and YouTube videos that modeled the KIA fitness lessons. Intervention fidelity was assessed through observations and a fidelity checklist. Students’ physical activity levels were measured using accelerometers and HRFK was examined by PE Metrics 28-question pencil and paper test. General linear models (GLM) and Hierarchical linear models (HLM) were used to examine group differences. Intervention students had a 3.4 (20%) greater unit improvement in HRFK scores when compared with their comparison counterparts (p < .001), at the school level. Student activity levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time were similar in both groups (p = .64). Teachers can use the KIA fitness lesson segments or similar strategies to effectively teach HRFK in elementary physical education classes.

scholarly journals The Association between Health-Related Fitness and Physical Activity during Weekdays: Do Fit Students Exercise More after School?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dehong Yang ◽  
Xihe Zhu ◽  
Justin A. Haegele ◽  
Patrick B. Wilson ◽  
Xueping Wu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Participation ◽  
Activity Participation ◽  
After School ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Physically active students are more likely to be fit and learn better in school than sedentary ones. For school-aged children, it is unclear whether physical fitness level is an important determinant for student’s activity afterschool. This study examined the association between health-related physical fitness test performance and afterschool physical activity during weekdays. Participants (n = 97, 11–13 years old) completed health-related fitness tests. They wore Actigraph GT3X accelerometers for five consecutive days, recording physical activity participation during after school hours. Descriptive statistics for both afterschool physical activity and health-related fitness were summarized. Regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between variables. Participants spent most of their afterschool hours participating in sedentary behaviors (274.27 ± 66.89 min) and light physical activity (73.68 ± 51.66 min), and only 11.35 ± 16.92 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), accumulating approximately 2058.52 ± 1690.56 steps each day afterschool. The regression model explained 22.8% of the variance in afterschool MVPA, and Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) scores were the only statistically significant predictor (β = 0.47, p < 0.01). Fit students do tend to exercise more after school. Promoting physical fitness in school is an important factor for students’ afterschool physical activity participation during weekdays.

The Association of Health-Related Fitness and Chronic Absenteeism Status in New York City Middle School Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 483-491
Author(s):  
Emily M. D’Agostino ◽  
Sophia E. Day ◽  
Kevin J. Konty ◽  
Michael Larkin ◽  
Subir Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Absenteeism ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Background: Extensive research demonstrates the benefits of fitness on children’s health and academic performance. Although decreases in health-related fitness may increase school absenteeism, multiple years of prospective, child-level data are needed to examine whether fitness changes predict subsequent chronic absenteeism status. Methods: Six cohorts of New York City public school students were followed from grades 5–8 (2006/2007–2012/2013; N = 349,381). A longitudinal 3-level logistic generalized linear mixed model with random intercepts was used to test the association of individual children’s changes in fitness and 1-year lagged chronic absenteeism. Results: The odds of chronic absenteeism increased 27% [odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25–1.30], 15% (OR 95% CI, 1.13–1.18), 9% (OR 95% CI, 1.07–1.11), and 1% (OR 95% CI, 0.98–1.04), for students who had a >20% decrease, 10%–20% decrease, <10% increase or decrease, and 10%–20% increase in fitness, respectively, compared with >20% fitness increase. Conclusion: These findings contribute important longitudinal evidence to a cross-sectional literature, demonstrating reductions in youth fitness may increase absenteeism. Given only 25% of youth aged 12–15 years achieve the recommended daily 60 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity, future work should examine the potential for youth fitness interventions to reduce absenteeism and foster positive attitudes toward lifelong physical activity.

scholarly journals Rock Climbing for Promoting Physical Activity in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon R. Siegel ◽  
Simon M. Fryer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Rock Climbing ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Minimal Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in youth has steadily increased over the last decade, although it appears to have currently stabilized. Physical inactivity is a major contributor to this obesity epidemic, and more than half of American youth do not meet physical activity recommendations. Rock climbing and bouldering require both aerobic and anaerobic fitness, with the metabolic cost comparable to moderate to vigorous physical activity in adults. Minimal data on youth climbers exist, yet climbing is extremely popular with youth, and thus the sport may be a viable option for decreasing the prevalence of obesity. Available data show that rock climbing can provide youth with muscular strength and endurance building exercise, and possibly improve flexibility. In addition, rock climbing has the potential to provide youth with moderate levels of physical activity according to recommended guidelines. Nine peer reviewed articles are included in this review, as these are the articles specifically associated with youth climbing and health-related fitness. Due to limited research in this area, no articles were excluded if they were related to health-related fitness and youth and rock climbing/bouldering. This review aims to systematically address the impact of rock climbing and bouldering on health-related fitness in youth.

Effect of 12 weeks of Taekwondo training on body fatness, health-related fitness and isokineticmuscle strength in obese women aged 35-55 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 879-891
Author(s):  
Seong-Eun Joo ◽  
Hyun-Chu Jung ◽  
Hyo-Jung Kang ◽  
Sung-Woo Jung ◽  
Myong-Won Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obese Women ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

scholarly journals Relationship between Sedentary Time, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Spanish Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2702
Author(s):  
Manuel Ávila-García ◽  
María Esojo-Rivas ◽  
Emilio Villa-González ◽  
Pablo Tercedor ◽  
Francisco Javier Huertas-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Higher sedentary time and lower physical activity (PA) are associated with a poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children. The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the sedentary time, objectively measured PA levels (light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)), and HRQoL dimensions (physical well-being, emotional well-being, self-esteem, family, friends, school, and total score) in children; and (2) to examine the association between sedentary time, PA levels, and HRQoL in children separately by sex. A total of 459 children (8.4 ± 0.4 years old, 50.54% males) from 15 schools in Granada (Spain) participated in the study. A tri-axial accelerometer was used to measure PA levels in the children for 7 consecutive days. The Revidierter KINDer Lebensqualitätsfragebogen (KINDL-R) questionnaire was used to determine the children’s HRQoL dimensions. The results showed that males presented more minutes engaged in MVPA than females. Both sedentary time and PA levels were associated with self-esteem and total score (all p < 0.05). In males, moderate and vigorous PA levels were associated with higher HRQoL, whereas light PA was associated with higher HRQoL in females. Future studies should take into account the use of activities with difference intensities in order to increase HRQoL in males and females.

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