Correlates of Children’s Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity During Weekdays and Weekends

Background:Vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) may confer superior health benefits for children compared to moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), but the correlates of MPA and VPA may differ. The study purpose was to investigate associations between selected enabling, predisposing, and demographic physical activity correlates, and MPA and VPA during weekdays and at weekends.Methods:Data were gathered from 175 children (aged 10 to 11 years). MPA and VPA were assessed using accelerometers. Correlates were measured at child and school levels. Multilevel analyses identified correlates that significantly predicted MPA and VPA.Results:Gender significantly predicted weekday MPA (P < .001), and weekend MPA (P = .022) and VPA (P = .035). Weekday VPA was predicted by gender (P < .001), indices of multiple deprivation score (P < .003), BMI (P = .018), and school playground area (P = .046).Conclusions:Gender was the most significant correlate of MPA and VPA. Children most likely to engage in weekday VPA were boys with lower deprivation scores and BMI values, with access to larger playground areas.

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Abstract P063: The Association Between Physical Activity and Fasting and 2-Hour Glucose in US Adults: NHANES 2013-2014

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.137.suppl_1.p063 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Joshua R Sparks ◽

Xuewen F Wang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Glucose Disposal ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Activity Questionnaire

Background: Glucose concentrations in a fasted and during a glucose challenged state rely on different mechanisms for regulation. In a fasted state, hepatic regulation of glucose is important; while in a glucose challenged state, muscle glucose disposal becomes more important. Evidence suggests that physical activity of moderate or higher intensities can increase muscle glucose disposal during an insulin-stimulated state, but has less effect on hepatic insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between glucose concentrations (fasting and after an oral glucose ingestion) and minutes of physical activity at moderate- and vigorous-intensity in a large population. Methods: The sample included 2,807 adults (47.4% male and 52.6% female) aged 18-80 years who participated in the National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2013-2014 and who did not take any diabetic medications. Minutes being physically active at moderate- and vigorous-intensities during work, and recreationally, were collected using the Physical Activity Questionnaire, which was based on the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Moderate-intensity physical activity was defined as any activity that caused a small increase in breathing or heart rate, while vigorous-intensity physical activity was defined as large increases in breathing or heart rate. Both intensities had to be performed for a minimum of 10 continuous minutes. Plasma glucose concentrations at fasting and 2 hours after consumption of a drink containing 75g glucose (2-hour glucose) were determined. Pearson product correlations were performed for analysis. Results: The population had 141±133 (mean±SD) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity during work and 63±56 minutes recreationally, as well as 174±156 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity during work and 77±56 minutes recreationally. Minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity performed during work was associated with 2-hour plasma glucose concentrations (r=0.15; p=0.045); this association was not affected after adjusting for age, race, and sex (p=0.049), but was no longer significant after BMI was also adjusted (p=0.059). Recreational or total minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity, and moderate-intensity physical activity was not associated with 2-hour glucose (p>0.20). Additionally, none of the physical activity minutes was associated with fasting glucose (p>0.27). Conclusion: Self-reported vigorous-intensity physical activity during work was positively associated with 2-hour glucose, but not fasting glucose. The results are surprising. Further studies with objective physical activity measures are needed to examine the associations with fasting and 2-hour glucose.

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Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of 5–10 Year Old Children in Three Different Playgrounds

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15091896 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 1896 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jessie Adams ◽

Jenny Veitch ◽

Lisa Barnett

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Fundamental Motor Skills ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Direct Observations ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Measured Time ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Playground Design

Playgrounds provide opportunities for children to engage in physical activity and develop their fundamental motor skills. The aim of this descriptive pilot study was to examine whether playground design facilitated different levels of physical activity and fundamental motor skills. Children aged 5 to 10 (n = 57) were recruited from three independent playgrounds located in Melbourne (Australia). Whilst playing, children wore accelerometers which measured time spent in physical activity and direct observations recorded fundamental motor skills and play equipment use. A general linear model with playground type as the predictor and adjusting for monitor wear-time identified whether mean time in physical activity was different for the three playgrounds. Frequencies and a one-way ANOVA assessed whether the observed mean number of fundamental motor skills varied between playgrounds. On average, 38.1% of time (12.0 min) was spent in moderate- vigorous-intensity physical activity. Children in the traditional playground (n = 16) engaged in more moderate-intensity physical activity (9.4 min) than children in the adventure playground (n = 21), (5.6 min) (p = 0.027). There were no significant associations with vigorous-intensity physical activity or fundamental motor skills between playgrounds. Children performed few fundamental motor skills but used a wider variety of equipment in the contemporary and adventure playgrounds. Playgrounds need to maximise opportunities for children to engage in physical activity and develop fundamental motor skills.

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Longitudinal physical activity assessment in post-surgical gynecologic cancer patients.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e21582 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e21582-e21582 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jessica Gorzelitz-Liebhauser ◽

Erin S. Costanzo ◽

Ryan J. Spencer ◽

Meredith E. Rumble ◽

Stephen L. Rose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Gynecologic Cancer ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Over Time

e21582 Background: Physical activity is a key determinant of health, and exercise can be effective for decreasing anxiety and depression and improving quality of life in cancer survivors. The primary aim of this study was to report the trajectory of physical activity over time for post-operative gynecologic cancer patients. The secondary aim was to identify correlates of total physical activity over time. Methods: The study population included patients who underwent surgery for endometrial (n = 80) or ovarian (n = 43) cancer and wore an accelerometer for a 3-day period at 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after surgery. Accelerometer data were captured during all waking hours and were transformed into categories of light, moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity. The outcome of interest was total minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) collected over the three day period at each time point, analyzed using a linear mixed effect model approach, assessing the correlates of age, body mass index (BMI), self-rated health, laparotomy vs. laparoscopic (endometrial only) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy yes/no (ovarian only). Results: Mean age was 58.8 ± 10.1 years with mean BMI of 35.5±10.3 kg/m2. Over each three-day period, patients performed 7 ± 12 minutes of total accumulated MVPA at 1 week, 20 ± 41 minutes of total MVPA at 1 month, and 25 ± 36 minutes at 4-months post-surgery (p = 0.01). Federal guidelines recommend approximately 70 minutes of moderate intensity activity over a three-day period to collect 150 minutes of moderate activity a week. Better self-rated health at baseline was associated with increased activity over time (p = 0.02). BMI, age, type of surgery or use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not predict physical activity in patients of either disease site. Conclusions: Physical activity increased over time for endometrial and ovarian cancer patients. Self-reported health at baseline was also positively associated with increased moderate-vigorous physical activity over time. There is insufficient evidence to show that BMI significantly contributes to changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity over time. Future research should address barriers to activity and novel interventions.

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Comparison of physical activity levels in Spanish adults with chronic conditions before and during COVID-19 quarantine

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa159 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Guillermo F López-Sánchez ◽

Rubén López-Bueno ◽

Alejandro Gil-Salmerón ◽

Roksana Zauder ◽

Maria Skalska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Chronic Conditions ◽

Chronic Condition ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Activity Promotion ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity

Abstract Background This is the first study analyzing levels of physical activity in a sample of quarantined adults with chronic conditions. The aim of this study was to compare moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity levels in Spanish adults with chronic conditions before and during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) quarantine. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was administered during the COVID-19 quarantine in Spain. A total of 163 participants with chronic conditions (113 females and 47 males; age range 18–64 years) completed the survey. A total of 26 chronic conditions were included. Participants self-reported average minutes/day of moderate and vigorous physical activity before and during quarantine. Differences in moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity levels before and during COVID-19 quarantine (overall, by gender, by age, by number of chronic conditions and by each chronic condition) were assessed by Wilcoxon-signed rank test. Results During COVID-19 quarantine, there was a significant decrease of moderate-intensity physical activity in Spanish people with chronic conditions (in both males and females, in those aged 18–24, 25–34, 35–44 and 55–64 years, in those with multimorbidity, in those with one/two chronic condition/s, and in those diagnosed with asthma/hypercholesterolaemia/chronic skin disease/haemorrhoids). Also, there was a significant decrease of vigorous-intensity physical activity in Spanish males with chronic conditions and in those with multimorbidity. Conclusions These results should be considered to develop effective strategies of physical activity promotion targeting these specific groups when new quarantine or restriction measures are implemented, in order to avoid new significant decreases of physical activity in these vulnerable populations.

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Energy Expenditure in Vinyasa Yoga Versus Walking

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2016-0548 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 597-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sally A. Sherman ◽

Renee J. Rogers ◽

Kelliann K. Davis ◽

Ryan L. Minster ◽

Seth A. Creasy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Energy Cost ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Treadmill Walking ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Metabolic Equivalents ◽

Intensity Physical Activity

Background:Whether the energy cost of vinyasa yoga meets the criteria for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity has not been established.Purpose:To compare energy expenditure during acute bouts of vinyasa yoga and 2 walking protocols.Methods:Participants (20 males, 18 females) performed 60-minute sessions of vinyasa yoga (YOGA), treadmill walking at a self-selected brisk pace (SELF), and treadmill walking at a pace that matched the heart rate of the YOGA session (HR-Match). Energy expenditure was assessed via indirect calorimetry.Results:Energy expenditure was significantly lower in YOGA compared with HR-Match (difference = 79.5 ± 44.3 kcal; P < .001) and SELF (difference = 51.7 ± 62.6 kcal; P < .001), but not in SELF compared with HR-Match (difference = 27.8 ± 72.6 kcal; P = .054). A similar pattern was observed for metabolic equivalents (HR-Match = 4.7 ± 0.8, SELF = 4.4 ± 0.7, YOGA = 3.6 ± 0.6; P < .001). Analyses using only the initial 45 minutes from each of the sessions, which excluded the restorative component of YOGA, showed energy expenditure was significantly lower in YOGA compared with HR-Match (difference = 68.0 ± 40.1 kcal; P < .001) but not compared with SELF (difference = 15.1 ± 48.7 kcal; P = .189).Conclusions:YOGA meets the criteria for moderate-intensity physical activity. Thus, YOGA may be a viable form of physical activity to achieve public health guidelines and to elicit health benefits.

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Abstract MP026: Does the Replacement of Moderate-Intensity with Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Further Reduce All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality?

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.amp026 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Eric J Shiroma ◽

Howard D Sesso ◽

I-Min Lee

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Study ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Recreational Activities ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Federal Guidelines ◽

Cvd Mortality

The 2008 US federal guidelines require a minimum of 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity, or 75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity physical activity, or an equivalent combination of the two, for health benefits. Thus, they assume a 2:1 equivalence between the two intensities of activity; i.e., 2 minutes of moderate-intensity activity is equivalent to 1 minute of vigorous-intensity activity. However, no studies have specifically examined whether this assumption is correct. Purpose: To examine the effect of replacing 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity with 75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity physical activity on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods: 8,859 men (mean age, 66.4 yr) from the Harvard Alumni Health Study, free from CVD and cancer, were followed from 1988 to 2008. At baseline (1988) and in 1993, men reported physical activity (blocks walked, stairs climbed, and a listing of sports/recreational activities and participation time). Time spent per week in sports/recreational activities of moderate-intensity (3 to <6 METs, or multiples of resting metabolic rate) was summed and expressed as units (or fraction of units) of 150 minutes/week. Similarly, time spent in vigorous-intensity (≥6 METs) sports/recreational activities was summed, expressed as units (or fraction of units) of 75 min/week. Total and cause-specific mortality was identified from the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models calculated the risks of all-cause and CVD mortality, examining the effect of replacing 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity with 75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity physical activity, controlling for the total amount of physical activity. Results: During follow-up, 4,064 men died, including 1,192 from CVD. In multivariate analyses, controlling for the total physical activity, age, smoking, intakes of alcohol, vegetable, fruit, and saturated fat, and total caloric intake, replacing 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity with 75 minutes/week of vigorous-intensity physical activity was associated with an additional 2% reduction in all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio (95% confidence interval) = 0.98 (0.96, 1.00); p = 0.05), and an additional 5% reduction in CVD mortality (0.95 (0.92, 0.99); p = 0.02). Conclusions: The assumption that 2 minutes of moderate-intensity activity is equivalent to 1 minute of vigorous-intensity activity under current federal guidelines is not strictly correct. Vigorous-intensity physical activity is associated with additional risk reduction for CVD mortality compared to moderate-intensity physical activity. Although there is an added, statistically significant benefit of vigorous-intensity over moderate-intensity physical activity, the magnitude of benefit is small.

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Does Participation in Recommended Levels of Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Decrease Participation in Moderate-Intensity Physical Activity?

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.1.1.45 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 45-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gavin McCormack ◽

Billie Giles-Corti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Compensatory Response ◽

Television Watching ◽

Physical Activity Guidelines ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Recreational Walking ◽

Moderate Intensity Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity

Background:The influence of participating in vigorous-intensity physical activity and associated compensatory declines in other types of physical activity in the general population has not been studied well; hence, it is unknown if participation in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity influence the likelihood of participating in recommended levels of moderate-intensity physical activity.Methods:Face-to-face interviews were conducted on healthy adults (n = 1803), 18 to 59 years of age, recruited from the top and lower quintiles of socioeconomic status within Perth, Western Australia. Data on television watching, vigorous-intensity activity, moderate-intensity activity, and walking for recreation and transport were used in the analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine whether participation in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity activity predicted participation in recommended levels of other types of physical activity and television watching.Results:After controlling for age, gender, education, and social advantage, participating in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity (≥90 min/week) was not found to be associated with walking for transport (≥150 min/week) but was found to be significantly associated (OR = 1.38, 95%CI = 1.04–1.82) with recommended levels of recreational walking (≥150 min/week). Participation in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity was associated with a reduced likelihood of watching television more than 10 hours per/week (OR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.57–0.89).Conclusion:In those who participate in recommended levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity, there appears to be no compensatory response in other moderate-intensity activities. Given the added health benefits associated with vigorous-intensity activity, concurrent promotion of moderate and vigorous-intensity physical activity guidelines is warranted, with no evidence that participation in vigorous-intensity activity will negatively influence participation in recommended levels of moderate-intensity activity.

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Dose–response association between physical activity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case–control study in a Chinese population

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026854 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. e026854 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

YangFan Li ◽

Fei He ◽

Yun He ◽

XinTing Pan ◽

YunLi Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Intensity Physical Activity ◽

Vigorous Intensity ◽

Time And Energy

AimPhysical activity plays an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).However, the optimal intensity and dose of physical activity for the treatment of NAFLD have yet to be found. In the present study, we aimed to provide a dose–response association between physical activity and NAFLD in a Chinese population.MethodsWe recruited 543 patients with NAFLD diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography, and 543 age-matched and sex-matched controls. The amount of physical activity, sedentary time and energy intake was collected through a structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the association between physical activity and NAFLD.ResultsAfter adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, energy intake and sedentary time, the total amount of physical activity was found to be inversely associated with NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner in men (>3180 metabolic equivalent of energy [MET]-min/week vs ≤1440 MET-min/week: OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91, p for trend=0.01). In addition, both moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity were effective in reducing the risk of NAFLD, independent of confounding variables in men (moderate-intensity physical activity: >684 MET-min/week vs none: OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.86, p for trend=0.01; vigorous-intensity physical activity: >960 MET-min/week vs none: OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.95, p for trend=0.02).ConclusionsPhysical activity was inversely associated with risk of NAFLD in a dose-dependent manner in men. Vigorous-intensity and moderate-intensity physical activity were both beneficial to NAFLD, independent of sedentary time and energy intake.

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