Motor Ability and Inhibitory Processes in Children With ADHD: A Neuroelectric Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Yu-Kai Chang ◽  
Yuan-Shuo Chan ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Inhibitory Processes ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between motor ability and response inhibition using behavioral and electrophysiological indices in children with ADHD. A total of 32 participants were recruited and underwent a motor ability assessment by administering the Basic Motor Ability Test-Revised (BMAT) as well as the Go/No-Go task and event-related potential (ERP) measurements at the same time. The results indicated that the BMAT scores were positively associated with the behavioral and ERP measures. Specifically, the BMAT average score was associated with a faster reaction time and higher accuracy, whereas higher BMAT subset scores predicted a shorter P3 latency in the Go condition. Although the association between the BMAT average score and the No-Go accuracy was limited, higher BMAT average and subset scores predicted a shorter N2 and P3 latency and a larger P3 amplitude in the No-Go condition. These findings suggest that motor abilities may play roles that benefit the cognitive performance of ADHD children.

scholarly journals Effects of Problem-Oriented Willed-Movement Therapy on Motor Abilities for People With Poststroke Cognitive Deficits

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 1020-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Ping Tang ◽  
Qi Dong Yang ◽  
Ying Hua Wu ◽  
Gai Qing Wang ◽  
Zhi Ling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Purpose. Cognitive deficits after stroke are common and interfere with recovery. One purpose of this study was to determine whether the motor abilities of subjects who have poststroke cognitive deficits and who have received problem-oriented willed-movement (POWM) therapy will improve more than the motor abilities of subjects in the reference group who have received neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT). Another purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between cognitive function and motor abilities for both groups. Subjects. The subjects recruited for this study were 36 men and 11 women with various degrees of poststroke cognitive deficits. Methods. A randomized block design was used to assign the subjects to 2 groups. Cognitive function and motor ability were evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM). Both groups received physical therapy 5 or 6 times per week in 50-minute sessions. Results. The STREAM scores improved after treatment in both groups. Main group effects were found for the lower-extremity (F=4.58, P<.05) and basic mobility (F=27.49, P<.01) subscales of the STREAM. Pretest cognitive function showed a positive relationship with posttest motor ability in the NDT group (r=.446, P<.05). However, the relationship between pretest cognitive function and posttest motor ability had no statistical significance in the POWM group (r=.101, P=.630). Discussion and Conclusion. These findings suggest that, regardless of a person's cognitive function, POWM intervention is effective in improving lower-extremity and basic mobilities and indicates the need to use relatively intact cognitive function or perceptual function, or both, to improve motor rehabilitation for people with cognitive function deficits.

scholarly journals Sensory Behaviours and Resting Parasympathetic Functions among Children with and without ADHD

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ivan Neil Gomez ◽  
Lissa Martha Domondon ◽  
Hector WH Tsang ◽  
Chetwyn CH Chan ◽  
Cynthia YY Lai
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

Previous studies suggest that parasympathetic functions support sensory behaviours. However, the relationship between sensory behaviours and parasympathetic functions remain inconclusive and inconsistent among children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research aims to examine the sensory behaviours and resting parasympathetic functions among children with and without ADHD. We compared sensory behaviours and baseline parasympathetic functions of 64 participants, with 42 typically developing and 24 ADHD male children aged 7–12 years. Sensory behaviours were evaluated using the sensory profile. Baseline parasympathetic functions were indexed using the normalized unit of heart rate variability high-frequency bands (HF n.u.). Children underwent an experimental protocol consisting of watching a silent cartoon movie while HF n.u. is continuously monitored, within a controlled environment. The results of this research showed significantly lower HF n.u. (t(64) = 7.84, p < 0.01 ) and sensory processing total score (t(64) = 14.13 =  p < 0.01 ) among children with ADHD compared to their typically developing peers. Likewise, a significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.36, p < 0.05 ) was found between the HF n.u. and sensory profile total scores among children with ADHD. Children with ADHD have significantly lower resting state parasympathetic functions compared to their typically developing peers.

scholarly journals Altered Functional Connectivity in Children with ADHD Revealed by Scalp EEG: An ERP Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chunli Chen ◽  
Huan Yang ◽  
Yasong Du ◽  
Guangzhi Zhai ◽  
Hesheng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The One

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental brain disorders in childhood. Despite extensive researches, the neurobiological mechanism underlying ADHD is still left unveiled. Since the deficit functions, such as attention, have been demonstrated in ADHD, in our present study, based on the oddball P3 task, the corresponding electroencephalogram (EEG) of both healthy controls (HCs) and ADHD children was first collected. And we then not only focused on the event-related potential (ERP) evoked during tasks but also investigated related brain networks. Although an insignificant difference in behavior was found between the HCs and ADHD children, significant electrophysiological differences were found in both ERPs and brain networks. In detail, the dysfunctional attention occurred during the early stage of the designed task; as compared to HCs, the reduced P2 and N2 amplitudes in ADHD children were found, and the atypical information interaction might further underpin such a deficit. On the one hand, when investigating the cortical activity, HCs recruited much stronger brain activity mainly in the temporal and frontal regions, compared to ADHD children; on the other hand, the brain network showed atypical enhanced long-range connectivity between the frontal and occipital lobes but attenuated connectivity among frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes in ADHD children. We hope that the findings in this study may be instructive for the understanding of cognitive processing in children with ADHD.

scholarly journals Resting Theta/Beta Ratios Mediate the Relationship Between Motor Competence and Inhibition in Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Fang Lin ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Yu-Jung Tsai ◽  
Ting-Yu Chueh ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Flanker Task ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inhibitory Function ◽  
The Relationship

Despite that previous studies have supported relationships between motor ability and inhibitory function, and between resting brain theta/beta power ratios (TBR) and inhibition in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little research has examined the mechanism within these relationships. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether TBR would mediate the relationship between motor ability and inhibitory function. A total of 71 children with ADHD were recorded resting electroencephalographic (EEG) data during eyes-open. Motor abilities were evaluated by Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) and inhibitory ability were assessed by a modified Eriksen’s flanker task. The results of mediation analyses revealed that TBR could completely mediate the relationship between motor competence and response speed (indirect effect = −0.0004, 95% CI [−0.0010, −0.0001]) and accuracy (indirect effect = 0.0003, 95% CI [0.0000, 0.0010]) in the incongruent condition of the flanker task. This study suggests that TBR may be one of the mechanisms between motor ability and inhibition function in children with ADHD.

Response-selection Conflict Contributes to Inhibition of Return

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Prime ◽  
Pierre Jolicoeur
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
False Alarm ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Inhibition Of Return ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Relative Response ◽  
Potential Component ◽  
The Relationship

Here we examined the relationship between inhibition of return (IOR) and response-selection conflict. In two go/no-go and spatial-cueing experiments, we measured the amplitude of the fronto-central N2 event-related potential component to estimate the degree of response-selection conflict for validly cued and invalidly cued targets. When the probability of a go target was high (Experiment 1), both the amplitude of the N2 elicited on no-go trials and the number of false alarm errors were greater on invalid-cue than on valid-cue trials. When the probability of a go target was low (Experiment 2), neither of these effects was observed and the magnitude of the IOR effect was greatly reduced. These results show that a relative response bias toward responding on invalid-cue trials contributes to the IOR reaction time effect when the required response is prepotent.

Laterality of Damage Influences the Relationship Between Impairment and Arm Use After Stroke

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 470-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goldy Yadav ◽  
Kathleen Y. Haaland ◽  
Pratik K. Mutha
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectives:To investigate whether the relationship between arm use and motor impairment post-stroke is influenced by the hemisphere of damage.Methods:Right-handed patients with unilateral left hemisphere damage (LHD) or right (RHD) (n=58; 28 LHD, 30 RHD) were recruited for this study. The Arm Motor Ability Test and Functional Impact Assessment were used to derive arm use patterns. The Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale was used to quantify the level of motor impairment.Results:A significant interaction between patient group and impairment level was observed for contralesional, but not ipsilesional arm use. For lower impairment levels, contralesional (right arm for LHD and left arm for RHD) arm use was greater in LHD than RHD patients. In contrast, for greater levels of impairment, there were no arm use differences between the two patient groups.Conclusions:When motor impairment is significant, it overrides potential effects of stroke laterality on the patterns of arm use. However, a robust influence of hemisphere of damage on the patterns of arm use is evident at lower impairment levels. This may be attributed to previously described arm preference effects. These findings suggest adoption of distinct strategies for rehabilitation following leftversusright hemisphere damage in right-handers, at least when the impairment is moderate to low. (JINS, 2019,25, 470–478)

A Comparison of Isolate and Social Toys on Play Behaviors of Handicapped Preschoolers

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo E. Cowden ◽  
Carol C. Torrey
Keyword(s):  
Social Play ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Play Behaviors ◽  
Unstructured Play ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study set out to determine toy preference and use of isolate versus social toys in specific play categories. The relationship of children’s gross motor abilities to their preference for gross motor toys and of fine motor abilities to preference for fine motor toys was also examined. Additionally, the study examined the level of social versus nonsocial play behavior according to the Parten Scale of Social Participation. Twenty-four handicapped preschool children in groups of four to six were involved in three 20-min free-play sessions. Spontaneous interactions with the toys as well as among children were videotaped. Results indicated that the children did prefer to play with social toys rather than isolate toys, but play was nonsocial rather than social and occurred during 83% of the free unstructured play intervals. The children did not demonstrate a distinct relationship between gross or fine motor ability and toy preference. However, environmental or ecological variables appeared to influence their social play behaviors.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN UMPAN BALIK DAN KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SHOOTING SISWA SMP NEGERI DIKECAMATAN LANGSA KOTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cut Cinta Dewi ◽  
Harun Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Shuttle Run

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) menguji pengaruh pemberian umpan balik dan kemampuan motorik terhadap hasil belajar Shooting. (2). Meningkatkan kemampuan motorik siswa (3). Meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di kota langsa, penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen dengan disain faktorial 2 x 2. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa SMP Negeri 1Langsa kelas VII yang berjumlah 77 orang, dan siwa SMP Negeri 7 sampel berjumlah 76 orang yang diperoleh melalui cluster random sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan tes kemampuan motorik dan tes hasil belajar shooting sepakbola. Untuk tes kemampuan motorik digunakan tes motor ability yaitu tes kemampuam motorik terdiri dari ; standing broad jump, Soccer drible, zig-zag run,shutle run dan lari cepat 50 meter Tes hasil belajar shooting sepakbola dikonstruksikan berdasarkan instrumen tes hasil belajar shooting sepakbola yang disesuaikan dengan kurikulum 2013  kelas VII semester I, yang memiliki realibilitas 0.71 Kata Kunci : Pemberian Umpan Balik, dan Kemampuan Motorik, Hasil Belajar Shooting. Abstract : This aimed of  the research deal the effects of presenting the feedback and motoric ability toward the football shooting learning outcome for student on Junior High School 1, amounting to = 77 people and student Junior High school 7, amounting to 76 people. Which obtained through random cluster sampling. The research instrument used motor ability test and test result to learn shooting football to test the ability of the motor used test of motor abilities , namely learning motor skills consist of : Standing broad jump, Football drible, zig-zag run, shuttle run, and sprint 50 yards. Achievement test shooting football curriculum tailored to the first semester of 2013 class VII has a reabilities of =0.71 Keyword : Presenting the feedback and motoric ability, shooting learning out come

Mental Ability, Reaction Time, Perceptual Motor and Motor Abilities in Handicapped Children

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30E ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Groden
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Mental Ability ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Mental Age ◽  
Simple Motor ◽  
Complex Motor ◽  
Complex Motor Skills ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Outpatient Children

54 outpatient children of a mental retardation facility were administered tests of reaction time and simple and complex motor skills. The relationship between reaction time and mental age was eliminated when the complex, but not the simple, motor skills were held constant.

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI MOTOR ABILITY DAN KONSENTRASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PENGUASAAN KATA HEIAN YODAN KARATEKA LEMKARI DOJO ANGKASA LANUD PADANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Arie Asnaldi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Concentration Test ◽  
Using Data

The problem in this research is based on observations in the field, there is still a lack of some aspects of the physical conditions that affect the Heian said yodan conducted by karate dojo LEMKARI Space Lanud Padang. Presumably there are several factors that affect the Kata heian yodan, among these factors is the motor ability and concentration. This study aims to explain the contribution of the motor ability and concentration on the mastery of the Kata heian yodan. This research method is quantitative method using data analysis techniques regression and correlation, either single or double. The population in this study is the karateka LEMKARI Dojo Space Lanud Padang enrolled in training, totaling 52 people, with a sample of 32 people were taken by purposive sampling that karateka daughter alone. Measurements ability using Barrow motor data Motor Ability Test were then processed using the formula lewis, to the concentration data using Grid Concentration Test. For mastery of data pegukuran Kata Heian yodan with Rule Of Competition World Karate Federation of the Executive Board of Forki with Kata Scoring Form of Free Game FKTI-INKAI. Based on data analysis results: (1) The components of motor abilities contributed 17.39% to the mastery of the kata heian yodan; (2) Components of concentration contributed 12.47% to the mastery of the word kata heian yodan; (3) Taken together the motor ability and concentration contributed 25.17% to the Heian yodan word mastery, and the remaining percentage is influenced by other factors. Based on these results, we can conclude that the motor ability and concentration to contribute jointly towards mastery of the kata heian yodan.

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