Scapular Kinematics During Late Cocking of a Simulated Throwing Activity in Baseball Players With Shoulder Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study Using a 3D-to-2D Registration Technique

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Saka ◽  
Hiroki Yamauchi ◽  
Toru Yoshioka ◽  
Hidetoshi Hamada ◽  
Kazuyoshi Gamada
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
College Level ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Shoulder Disorder ◽  
Scapular Kinematics ◽  
Contralateral Shoulder

Context:Abnormal scapular kinematics during throwing motion in baseball players with shoulder disorders has not yet been clarified, although altered scapular position has been suggested to be associated with shoulder disorder.Objective:To determine if the shoulders of baseball players with throwing disorders demonstrate abnormal scapular kinematics during the simulated arm-cocking phase of throwing activity.Design:Cross sectional study.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:Eleven baseball players (age 21.1 ± 1.2 y) with a unilateral shoulder disorder volunteered to participate, including 9 players at the college level and 2 at the adult level. The mean playing experience was 12.1 ± 2.7 y.Main Outcome Measures:Scapular upward/downward rotation, anteroposterior tilting, and external/internal rotation during simulated arm-cocking motion were analyzed using a 3-to-2-dimensional registration technique.Results:Scapular external rotation in the throwing shoulder was significantly smaller by 2.0–6.0° than that of the contralateral shoulder. There were no detectable differences in scapular upward/downward rotation or anteroposterior tilting between the throwing and contralateral shoulders.Conclusions:Compared with that in the contralateral shoulder, scapular external rotation was smaller in the throwing shoulder, which would increase glenohumeral horizontal abduction during the arm-cocking phase and be related to the throwing-shoulder disorder.

Cognitive and outcome measures seem suboptimal in children with cochlear implants - a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Udholm ◽  
K. Aaberg ◽  
C. Bloch ◽  
M. Sandahl ◽  
T. Ovesen
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of Nemaline Myopathy

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011458
Author(s):  
Kimberly Amburgey ◽  
Meryl Acker ◽  
Samia Saeed ◽  
Reshma Amin ◽  
Alan H. Beggs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Nemaline Myopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Function Tests

Objective:Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a rare neuromuscular condition with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. To establish disease natural history, we performed a cross-sectional study of NM, complemented by longitudinal assessment and exploration of pilot outcome measures.Methods:Fifty-seven individuals with NM were recruited at two family workshops, including 16 examined at both time points. Subjects were evaluated by clinical history and physical examination. Functional outcome measures included the Motor Function Measure (MFM), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), myometry, goniometry, and bulbar assessments.Results:The most common clinical classification was “typical congenital” (54%), whereas 42% had more severe presentations. 58% of individuals needed mechanical support, with 26% requiring wheelchair, tracheostomy, and feeding tube. The MFM scale was performed in 44/57 participants and showed reduced scores in most with little floor/ceiling effect. Of the 27 individuals completing PFTs, abnormal values were observed in 65%. Lastly, bulbar function was abnormal in all patients examined, as determined using a novel outcome measure. Genotypes included mutations in ACTA1 (18), NEB (20), and TPM2 (2). Seventeen individuals were genetically unresolved. Patients with pathogenic ACTA1 and NEB variants were largely similar in clinical phenotype. Patients without genetic resolution had more severe disease.Conclusion:In all, we present a comprehensive cross-sectional study of NM. Our data identify significant disabilities and support a relatively stable disease course. We identify a need for further diagnostic investigation for the genetically unresolved group. Lastly, MFM, pulmonary function tests, and the slurp test were identified as promising outcome measures for future clinical trials.

scholarly journals Drowning mortality by intent: a population-based cross-sectional study of 32 OECD countries, 2012–2014

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Hua Hsieh ◽  
Chien-Hsing Wang ◽  
Tsung-Hsueh Lu
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Undetermined Intent ◽  
Self Harm

ObjectiveTo compare the drowning mortality rates and proportion of deaths of each intent among all drowning deaths in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in 2012–2014.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.Setting32 OECD countries.ParticipantsIndividuals in OECD countries who died from drowning.Main outcome measuresDrowning mortality rates (deaths per 100 000 population) and proportion (%) of deaths of each intent (ie, unintentional intent, intentional self-harm, assault, undetermined intent and all intents combined) among all drowning deaths.ResultsCountries with the highest drowning mortality rates (deaths per 100 000 population) were Estonia (3.53), Japan (3.49) and Greece (2.40) for unintentional intent; Ireland (0.96), Belgium (0.96) and Korea (0.89) for intentional self-harm; Austria (0.57), Korea (0.56) and Hungary (0.44) for undetermined intent and Japan (4.35), Estonia (3.70) and Korea (2.73) for all intents combined. Korea ranked 12th and 3rd for unintentional intent and all intents combined, respectively. By contrast, Belgium ranked 2nd and 15th for intentional self-harm and all intents combined, respectively. The proportion of deaths of each intent among all drowning deaths in each country varied greatly: from 26.2% in Belgium to 96.8% in Chile for unintentional intent; 0.7% in Mexico to 57.4% in Belgium for intentional self-harm; 0.0% in nine countries to 4.9% in Mexico for assault and 0.0% in Israel and Turkey to 38.3% in Austria for undetermined intent.ConclusionsA large variation in the practice of classifying undetermined intent in drowning deaths across countries was noted and this variation hinders valid international comparisons of intent-specific (unintentional and intentional self-harm) drowning mortality rates.

Cross Sectional Area of the Supraspinatus Muscle and Acromio-humeral Distance in Overhead Athletes With and Without Shoulder Pain: A Cross-sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep C. Benitez-Martinez ◽  
Jose Casaña-Granell ◽  
Yasmin Ezzatvar de Llago ◽  
Carlos Villaron-Casales ◽  
Gemma V. Espi-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Pain Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Overhead Athletes ◽  
Supraspinatus Muscle

Context:The supraspinatus muscle has an important role in the stabilization of the glenohumeral joint. Identifying abnormalities concerning its size and the subacromial space in the presence of pain may be relevant to provide more specific treatments focused on the etiology of pain.Objective:To determinate whether painful shoulder causes changes in the supraspinatus cross-sectional area (CSA) and the acromio-humeral distance (AHD) between overhead athletes.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:University campus and local sports clubs’ Physical Therapist room.Participants:81 male overhead athletes were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of shoulder pain and clinical symptoms.Main Outcome Measures:Ultrasonography measurements of the supraspinatus CSA and the AHD in 2 groups of overhead athletes with and without pain.Results:In the pain group, the CSA was significantly smaller compared with the no pain group. No differences between groups were found in the AHD measurement.Conclusions:Shoulder pain in overhead athletes was associated with a reduction in their supraspinatus muscle CSA, but not in the AHD. These findings suggest that muscle atrophy exists in the presence of pain. However, in active overhead athletes, the AHD is not clearly reduced in overhead athletes with shoulder pain. Further studies are needed to understand this condition.

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