Normative Data for Range of Motion and Single-Leg Hop in High School Athletes

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. De Carlo ◽  
Kecia E. Sell
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Leg Hop Test ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Healthy Males

The purpose of this study was to derive normative values for range of motion and single-leg hop tests on athletes with no history of knee injury. Subjects measured for range of motion included 578 healthy males (mean age, 14.5 years) and 311 healthy females (mean age, 14.0 years). Subjects performing single-leg hop included 1,635 healthy males (mean age, 14.5 years) and 873 healthy females (mean age, 14.2 years). Measurements were taken during preseason athletic physicals. Mean range of motion was 5-0-140 for males and 6-0-143 for females. Mean single-leg hop for both legs was 155 cm for males and 121 cm for females. The paper discusses the importance of measuring terminal hyperextension as well as the importance of normal side-to-side variations in ROM and the single-leg hop test. The results of the single-leg hop test should not be used exclusively but rather in conjunction with other information gathered during the clinical visit.

scholarly journals Comparison of ankle range of motion and functional performance between practitioners of resistance exercise with free-weight vs. Machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Alex Souto Maior ◽  
Eduardo Lobo ◽  
Marcos Braz ◽  
José Carlos de Campos Jr ◽  
Gustavo Leporace
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Single Leg Hop Test

The purpose of this investigation was to compare ankle functional performance and ankle range of motion (ROM) between practitioners of resistance exercise (RE) with free-weights versus machines. Twenty-five men participated in this study. They were separated into two groups: (a) Free-weights; and (b) Machines. All subjects practiced regularly RE 5.3±0.7 d∙wk-1 and low aerobic training of 1.2±0.5 d∙wk-1 with a total time volume of 254.9±9.4 min∙wk-1. ROM measurements were taken in both ankles with a digital goniometer. Active ankle-dorsiflexion and plantar flexion range of motion were measured with subjects lying prone with an extended knee on a standard treatment table. The rising on the heel and the rising on toes were used to assess endurance of the ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor muscles, respectively. Ankle functional stability was assessed with the Single Leg Hop Test in both limbs. Ankle-dorsiflexion ROM showed a significant difference (Δ% left=21.1%; Δ% right=25.8%; P<0.01) between the Machines Group when compared to the Free-weights Group. Rising on the heel and rising on the toes showed no significant differences between the 2 groups (i.e., free-weights versus machines) (P>0.05). On the other hand, the Single Leg Hop Test (Δ% left=16.3%; Δ% right=15.4%; P<0.05) and number of jumps (Δ% left=27.9 %; Δ% right=26.1 %; P<0.05) recorded were lower in the Free-weights Group compared to the Machines Group. This study found a greater ankle-dorsiflexion ROM and performance during the Single Leg Hop Test in practitioners of RE with free-weights, showing a better control of sagittal plane movements.

The Role of Ankle Strength in Functional Ankle Instability

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. McKnight ◽  
Charles W. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Instability ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Functional Ankle Instability ◽  
Full Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ankle Strength

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were any differences in ankle range of motion, strength, or work between persons with normal ankles (Normal,n= 14), those with functional ankle instability (FAI,n= 15), and those with a history of FAI who have been through formal proprioceptive rehabilitation (Rehab,n= 14). A second puipose was to determine normative values for ankle strength and work measurements using the Biodex® isokinetic system. There were no significant differences between groups for ankle range of motion or for any strength or work measurements. The overall strength/work averages were 11.75/3.42 for plantar flexion, 339/1.48 for dorsiflexion, 3.30/2.40 for inversion, and 2.62/1.79 for eversion. Dorsiflexion torque overall was 31.43% of plantar flexion, and the evertors produced 75.42% of the torque produced by the invertors. It is recommended that clinicians continue to rehabilitate ankles with strength and proprioceptive exercises but do not rely on ankle strength/work testing as the only criteria for determining an athlete's readiness to return to full activity.

Knee Injury Risk Assessment in Female High School Athletes Using Vibromyography

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. McLeod ◽  
Rian Shams ◽  
Josh Gannon
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Knee Injury ◽  
High School Athletes ◽  
Female High School

scholarly journals Age, time from injury to surgery and quadriceps strength affect the risk of revision surgery after primary ACL reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Cristiani ◽  
Magnus Forssblad ◽  
Gunnar Edman ◽  
Karl Eriksson ◽  
Anders Stålman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Tegner Activity Level ◽  
Single Leg Hop Test ◽  
Time From Injury

Abstract Purpose To identify preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors associated with revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) within 2 years of primary ACLR. Methods Patients who underwent primary ACLR at our institution, from January 2005 to March 2017, were identified. The primary outcome was the occurrence of revision ACLR within 2 years of primary ACLR. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate preoperative [age, gender, body mass index (BMI), time from injury to surgery, pre-injury Tegner activity level], intraoperative [graft type, graft diameter, medial meniscus (MM) and lateral meniscus (LM) resection or repair, cartilage injury] and postoperative [side-to-side (STS) anterior laxity, limb symmetry index (LSI) for quadriceps and hamstring strength and single-leg-hop test performance at 6 months] risk factors for revision ACLR. Results A total of 6,510 primary ACLRs were included. The overall incidence of revision ACLR within 2 years was 2.5%. Univariate analysis showed that age < 25 years, BMI < 25 kg/m2, time from injury to surgery < 12 months, pre-injury Tegner activity level ≥ 6, LM repair, STS laxity > 5 mm, quadriceps strength and single-leg-hop test LSI of ≥ 90% increased the odds; whereas, MM resection and the presence of a cartilage injury reduced the odds of revision ACLR. Multivariate analysis revealed that revision ACLR was significantly related only to age < 25 years (OR 6.25; 95% CI 3.57–11.11; P < 0.001), time from injury to surgery < 12 months (OR 2.27; 95% CI 1.25–4.17; P = 0.007) and quadriceps strength LSI of ≥ 90% (OR 1.70; 95% CI 1.16–2.49; P = 0.006). Conclusion Age < 25 years, time from injury to surgery < 12 months and 6-month quadriceps strength LSI of ≥ 90% increased the odds of revision ACLR within 2 years of primary ACLR. Understanding the risk factors for revision ACLR has important implications when it comes to the appropriate counseling for primary ACLR. In this study, a large spectrum of potential risk factors for revision ACLR was analyzed in a large cohort. Advising patients regarding the results of an ACLR should also include potential risk factors for revision surgery. Level of evidence III.

Muscle Strength and Range of Motion in Adolescent Pitchers with Throwing-Related Pain

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 2173-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Trakis ◽  
Malachy P. McHugh ◽  
Philip A. Caracciolo ◽  
Lisa Busciacco ◽  
Michael Mullaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Bilateral Comparison ◽  
Posterior Shoulder ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lower Trapezius ◽  
Shoulder Musculature

Background A high prevalence of throwing-related shoulder and elbow pain has been documented in adolescent baseball pitchers. Hypothesis Pitchers with a history of throwing-related pain will have weakened dominant-arm posterior shoulder musculature and greater dominant-arm glenohumeral total range of motion (ROM) loss compared with pitchers without throwing-related pain. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Twenty-three adolescent pitchers (age 15.7 ±1.4 years) were tested. Twelve pitchers had throwing-related pain in the prior season and were currently symptom-free, while the remaining 11 pitchers had no such history of pain. Internal and external rotation ROM and muscle strength (lower trapezius, middle trapezius, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, supraspinatus, internal rotators, external rotators) were measured bilaterally. Dominant versus nondominant differences in ROM and strength were compared between pitchers with and without throwing-related pain. Results As a whole, the group of 23 pitchers had a loss of internal rotation ROM (13° ± 10°, P < .001) and gain in external rotation ROM (11° ± 10°, P < .001) on the dominant versus nondominant arm, with no effect on total ROM (2° ± 7° loss, P = .14). There was no difference in bilateral comparison of total ROM between pitchers with and without throwing-related pain. Dominant versus nondominant muscle strength was lower ( P < .05) for the pain group versus nonpain group for the middle trapezius (7% ± 19% vs 22% ± 12%) and supraspinatus (−4% ± 27% vs 14% ± 14%) and higher (P < .05) for the internal rotators (19% ± 14% vs 6%±12%). Conclusion Throwing-related pain in this population may be due to the inability of weakened posterior shoulder musculature to tolerate stress imparted on it by adaptively strengthened propulsive muscles. Clinical Relevance Selective posterior shoulder strengthening may be indicated in rehabilitative and injury prevention programs for adolescent pitchers.

ACTIVE ANKLE RANGE OF MOTION ASSESSMENT IN ELITE TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES: NORMATIVE VALUES

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. e3.75-e3
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Malliaropoulos ◽  
Dimitra Mertyri ◽  
Konstantinos Tsitas ◽  
Agapi Papalada ◽  
Nicola Maffuli
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Motion Assessment

scholarly journals The Effect of Age, Gender, Refractive Status and Axial Length on the Measurements of Hertel Exophthalmometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Karti ◽  
Ozlem B Selver ◽  
Eyyup Karahan ◽  
Mehmet O Zengin ◽  
Murat Uyar
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Length Standard ◽  
Refractive Status ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Healthy Females

Purpose : To evaluate the normal distribution of exophthalmometric values in Turkish adult population and the effect of age, gender, refractive status and axial length on globe position. Methods : One hundred and twenty-two males and 114 healthy females with age ranging from 18 to 87 years were included in the study. The study population was recruited from patients presenting to our institution for routine refractive examination. Hertel exophthalmometer was used to measure the degree of ocular protrusion. Effect of age, refractive error, interpupillary distance, and axial length on globe position was detected with linear regression analyses. Results : The mean Hertel exophthalmometric size was 15.7+2.6 mm (range; 11 to 21 mm). The mean value for males was 16.1±2.6 mm (range; 11 to 21 mm), and for females 15.5±2.6 mm (range; 11 to 20 mm). The mean distance between the lateral rims of the orbit was 102 + 5.1 mm (range; 88 to 111mm). The mean exophthalmometric values were not statistically different in males and females. Age and mean spherical equivalents were negatively correlated with exophthalmometric measurements. Axial length was positively correlated with exophthalmometric measurements. Conclusion : The exophthalmometric measurement of the eye is affected by the age, spherical equivalent and the axial length. Standard normative values of the Hertel exophthalmometric measurements should be reevaluated with larger samples.

The Long-Term Impact of Osteoarthritis Following Knee Surgery in Former College Athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Simon ◽  
Dustin R. Grooms ◽  
Carrie L. Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Knee Injury ◽  
College Athletes ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Knee Surgery ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Short Form 36 ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
History Of

Context: Individuals who sustain a knee surgery have been shown to have an increased likelihood to develop osteoarthritis (OA). Objective: Identify the consequences of knee surgery in a cohort of former college athletes. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: A group of 100 former Division I college athletes aged 40–65 years (60 males and 40 females) participated in the study. Interventions: All individuals self-reported whether they sustained a knee injury during college requiring surgery and if they have been diagnosed with knee OA by a medical physician post knee injury. Individuals were categorized into 3 groups: no history of knee injury requiring surgery (33 males and 24 females; 54.53 [5.95] y), history of knee surgery in college with no diagnosis of OA later in life (4 males and 6 females; 51.26 [7.29] y), and history of knee surgery in college with physician diagnosed OA later in life (23 males and 10 females; 54.21 [7.64] y). All individuals completed the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and short form-36 version 2. Main Outcome Measures: Scores on the KOOS and short form-36 version 2. Results: A majority (76.7%) of individuals who had a knee surgery in college did develop OA. The largest mean differences were between the healthy knee and surgical knee/OA groups on the KOOS-quality of life scale (mean difference: 49.76; χ2(3) = 44.65; P < .001) and KOOS-sports scale (mean difference: 43.69; χ2(3) = 28.69; P < .001), with the surgical knee/OA group scoring worse. Conclusions: Later in life functional limitations were observed in individuals who sustained a knee injury requiring surgery and developed OA. These findings support increased efforts toward prevention of knee injuries and consideration of the long-term implication when making treatment and return to activity decisions.

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