Muscle Function of 11- to 17-Year-Old Children of Extremely Low Birthweight

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Small ◽  
Oded Bar-Or ◽  
Edgar Van Mil ◽  
Saroj Saigal
Keyword(s):  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Extremely Low Birthweight ◽  
Anaerobic Test

This study compared the anaerobic performance and the muscle strength between extremely low birthweight (> 1,000 g = ELBW) 11- to 17-year-old adolescents and normal birthweight (< 2,500 g = NEW) controls. Seventeen ELBW (9 females and 8 males) and 17 NEW (9 females and 8 males) subjects took part. ELBW had lower anaerobic performance, as manifested in mean (p = .03) and peak (p < .001) mechanical power per kg body mass (Wingate Anaerobic Test). In absolute units mean power and peak power tended (p = .06 and .08, respectively) to be lower in the ELBW group, but there were no inter-group differences in the isokinetic strength of knee extensors or flexors (Kin Com dynamometer). ANOVA revealed no interaction between the effects of low birthweight and gender. We propose that dynamic, but not static, muscle performance in ELBW is still somewhat inferior in adolescence. This may reflect deficient neuromuscular control.

Preexercise Carbohydrate Consumption and Repeated Anaerobic Performance in Pre- and Early-Pubertal Boys

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. Marjerrison ◽  
Jonah D. Lee ◽  
Anthony D. Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Carbohydrate Consumption ◽  
Pubertal Boys ◽  
Anaerobic Test ◽  
Placebo Drink ◽  
Over Time

This study examined the effect of pre exercise carbohydrate (CHO) feeding on performance on a Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) in 11 boys (10.2 ± 1.3 y old). Four WAnTs with 2 min recovery were performed 30 min after consuming a CHO (1 g CHO/kg) or placebo drink. Peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) were similar between trials. PP ranged from 241.1 ± 82.2 to 223.1 ± 57.9 W with carbohydrate and from 238.2 ± 76.1 to 223.4 ± 52.3 W with placebo. MP ranged from 176.3 ± 58.4 to 151.1 ± 37.5 W with carbohydrate versus 178.0 ± 45.8 to 159.1 ± 32.7 W with placebo. Pre exercise glucose was significantly higher in CHO versus placebo (7.0 ± 1.0 vs. 5.5 ± 0.5 mmol/L), but post exercise values were not different. Blood lactate was similar between trials but increased over time. This study found that the ingestion of a CHO solution before exercise did not influence power output during repeated performances of the WAnT.

Anaerobic Performance of Older Female and Male Wheelchair Basketball Players on a Mobile Wheelchair Ergometer

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshayahu Hutzler ◽  
Yves Vanlandewijck ◽  
Monica Van Vlierberghe
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The purpose was to compare the anaerobic performance of male and female wheelchair basketball players in the 30-s Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), performed on a mobile wheelchair ergometer. Participants were 10 female and 10 male wheelchair basketball players, aged 39 to 56, from a provincial wheelchair basketball team. Variables measured included peak and mean velocity and power, as well as the fatigue indices. Test-retest reliability, based on 13 participants (7 males and 6 females), ranged from .88 to .95 for peak and mean power and velocity variables and from .40 to .62 for the fatigue indices. Findings for the sample of 20 indicated that (a) males had significantly higher peak and mean velocity and power than females, and (b) females had significantly higher velocity fatigue indices than males.

Coordination Problems and Anaerobic Performance in Children

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron O’Beirne ◽  
Dawne Larkin ◽  
Tim Cable
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Motor Score ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Coordination Problems ◽  
Neuromuscular Development ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Generally, children with coordination problems lack fitness and muscular strength. This study was designed to identify whether these children differed from age-matched controls on measures of anaerobic performance. Twenty-four boys who were poorly coordinated, from three age groups, 7, 8, and 9 years, were compared to 24 coordinated controls (N = 48). The McCarron (1982) Assessment of Neuromuscular Development (MAND) was used to confirm levels of coordination. Anaerobic performance was estimated with the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) and a 50-m run. The poorly coordinated group’s performance on the WAnT was significantly lower than the performance of the controls for measures of peak power normalized for body weight, absolute and normalized mean power, and the fatigue index. The subjects who were poorly coordinated were also significantly slower performing the 50-m sprint. There was a significant relationship between power measured on the WAnT and coordination measured by the MAND gross motor score. For this population, coordination problems were considered among the factors that may interfere with the measurement of anaerobic performance.

A Nonmotorized Treadmill Test to Assess Children’s Short-Term Power Output

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola C. Sutton ◽  
David J. Childs ◽  
Oded Bar-Or ◽  
Neil Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Treadmill Test ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The purpose of this study was to develop a nonmotorized treadmill sprint test (ExNMT) to assess children’s short-term power output, to establish the test’s repeatability, and to compare the results to corresponding Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) measurements. Nineteen children (aged 10.9±0.3 years) completed 2 ExNMTs and 2 WAnTs. Statistical analysis revealed coefficients of repeatability for the ExNMT that compared very favorably with the WAnT for both peak power (26.6 vs. 44.5 W) and mean power (15.3 vs. 42.1 W). The validity of the ExNMT as a test of anaerobic performance is reflected by significant correlations (p ≤.05) with the WAnT (peak power, r = 0.82; mean power, r = 0.88) and reinforced by the relatively high post-exercise blood lactate concentrations (7.1 ± 1.3 vs. 5.6 ± 1.5 mmol · L−1 for the ExNMT and WAnT, respectively). This study has developed a promising laboratory running test with which to examine young people’s short-term power output.

Wingate Anaerobic Test Reference Values for Male Power Athletes

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Coppin ◽  
Edward M. Heath ◽  
Eadric Bressel ◽  
Dale R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Training ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
American Football ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Male Power ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Purpose:The aim of this study was to develop reference values for the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) for peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and fatigue index (FI) in NCAA Division IA male athletes.Methods:Seventy-seven athletes (age 20.8 ± 1.8 y, mass 84.4 ± 9.4 kg, height 183.9 ± 6.2 cm) participating in American football (n = 52) and track and field (n = 25) performed a 30-s WAnT resisted at 0.085 kp/kg body mass (BM).Results:Absolute mean (± SD) values for PP and MP were 1084.2 ± 137.0 and 777.1 ± 80.9 W, respectively, whereas values normalized to BM were 12.9 ± 1.5 and 9.3 ± 0.9 W/kg BM, respectively. Mean FI values were 49.1% ± 8.4%. PP outputs >13.6, 12.4–13.6, and <12.4 W/kg BM were classified as high, medium, and low, respectively. MP outputs >9.8, 9.0–9.8, and <9.0 W/kg BM were classified as high, medium, and low, respectively.Conclusions:The reference values developed in this study can be used in various athletic training and research programs to more accurately assess athletes’ anaerobic fitness and to monitor changes resulting from anaerobic training.

Lack of Effect of Typical Rapid-Weight-Loss Practices on Balance and Anaerobic Performance in Apprentice Jockeys

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
SarahJane Cullen ◽  
Eimear Dolan ◽  
Kate O Brien ◽  
Adrian McGoldrick ◽  
Giles Warrington
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Balance and anaerobic performance are key attributes related to horse-racing performance, but research on the impact of making weight for racing on these parameters remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rapid weight loss in preparation for racing on balance and anaerobic performance in a group of jockeys.Methods:Twelve apprentice male jockeys and 12 age- and gender-matched controls completed 2 trials separated by 48 h. In both trials, body mass, hydration status, balance, and anaerobic performance were assessed. Between the trials, the jockeys reduced body mass by 4% using weight-loss methods typically adopted in preparation for racing, while controls maintained body mass through typical daily dietary and physical activity habits.Results:Apprentice jockeys decreased mean body mass by 4.2% ± 0.3% (P < .001) with a subsequent increase in dehydration (P < .001). The controls maintained body mass and a euhydrated state. No differences in balance, on the left or right side, or in peak power, mean power, or fatigue index were reported between the trials in either group.Conclusion:Results from this study indicate that a 4% reduction in body mass in 48 h through the typical methods employed for racing, in association with an increase in dehydration, resulted in no impairments in balance or anaerobic performance. Further research is required to evaluate performance in a sport-specific setting and to investigate the specific physiological mechanisms involved.

Optimal load setting provides higher peak power and fatigue index with a similar mean power during 30-s Wingate anaerobic test in physically active men

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
João Gabriel Silveira-Rodrigues ◽  
André Maia-Lima ◽  
Pedro Augusto Santos Almeida ◽  
Bárbara Marielle Silva França ◽  
Bruno Teobaldo Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Anaerobic Test

The Metabolic Relevance of Type of Locomotion in Anaerobic Testing: Bosco Continuous Jumping Test Versus Wingate Anaerobic Test of the Same Duration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kaufmann ◽  
Olaf Hoos ◽  
Aaron Beck ◽  
Fabian Fueller ◽  
Richard Latzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Wingate Anaerobic Test ◽  
Jumping Test ◽  
Anaerobic Testing ◽  
Anaerobic Test

Purpose: To evaluate the metabolic relevance of type of locomotion in anaerobic testing by analyzing and comparing the metabolic profile of the Bosco Continuous Jumping Test (CJ30) with the corresponding profile of the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). Methods: A total of 11 well-trained, male team-sport athletes (age = 23.7 [2.2] y, height = 184.1 [2.8] cm, weight = 82.4 [6.4] kg) completed a CJ30 and WAnT each. During the WAnT, power data and revolutions per minute were recorded, and during the CJ30, jump height and jumping frequency were recorded. In addition, oxygen uptake and blood lactate concentration were assessed, and metabolic profiles were determined via the PCr-LA-O2 method. Results: In the CJ30, metabolic energy was lower (109.3 [18.0] vs 143.0 [13.1] kJ, P < .001, d = −2.302), while peak power (24.8 [4.4] vs 11.8 [0.5] W·kg−1, P < .001, d = 3.59) and mean power (20.8 [3.6] vs 9.1 [0.5] W·kg−1, P < .001, d = 4.14) were higher than in the WAnT. The metabolic profiles of the CJ30 (aerobic energy = 20.00% [4.7%], anaerobic alactic energy [WPCr] = 45.6% [4.5%], anaerobic lactic energy = 34.4% [5.2%]) and the WAnT (aerobic energy = 16.0% [3.0%], anaerobic alactic WPCr = 34.5% [5.0%], anaerobic lactic energy = 49.5% [3.3%]) are highly anaerobic. Absolute energy contribution for the CJ30 and WAnT was equal in WPCr (49.9 [11.1] vs 50.2 [11.2] kJ), but anaerobic lactic energy (37.7 [7.7] vs 69.9 [5.3] kJ) and aerobic energy (20.6 [5.7] vs 23.0 [4.0] kJ) were higher in the WAnT. Mechanical efficiency was substantially higher in the CJ30 (37.9% [4.5%] vs 15.6% [1.0%], P < .001, d = 6.86), while the fatigue index was lower (18.5% [3.8%] vs 23.2% [3.1%], P < .001, d = −1.38) than in the WAnT. Conclusions: Although the anaerobic share in both tests is similar and predominant, the CJ30 primarily taxes the WPCr system, while the WAnT more strongly relies on the glycolytic pathway. Thus, the 2 tests should not be used interchangeably, and the type of locomotion seems crucial when choosing an anaerobic test for a specific sport.

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