scholarly journals The role of floridoside in osmoadaptation of coral-associated algal endosymbionts to high-salinity conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. e1602047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Ochsenkühn ◽  
Till Röthig ◽  
Cecilia D’Angelo ◽  
Jörg Wiedenmann ◽  
Christian R. Voolstra
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity

Improving peroxymonosulfate activation by copper ion-saturated adsorbent-based single atom catalysts for the degradation of organic contaminants: electron-transfer mechanism and the key role of Cu single atoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Pan ◽  
Baoyu Gao ◽  
Pijun Duan ◽  
Kangying Guo ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Persulfate Oxidation ◽  
Single Atoms ◽  
Oxidation Technology

Nonradical pathway-based persulfate oxidation technology is considered to be a promising method for high-salinity organic wastewater treatment.

Study of Advanced Technologies of METs for Herbicides Wastewater Treatment with High Salinity

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 326-329
Author(s):  
Tao Li Song ◽  
Xue Nong Yi ◽  
Zhi Qing Li ◽  
Xin Jin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Advanced Technologies

Experiments were conducted to study the role of enhanced micro-electrolysis techniques (METs) in treatment of s-atrazine wastewater, regarding atrazine production wastewater as the object of this research. The intensified METs methods included O3and ultrasound (US). With O3METs technology, a better result could be achieved under weak acidity condition. The highest removal rate of TOC reached 18.7%. US before METs could gain higher removal rate of 38.7% compared to the rate of 27.8% by US in METs.

scholarly journals Metabolomics, a Powerful Tool for Understanding Plant Abiotic Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Fredy P. Carrera ◽  
Carlos Noceda ◽  
María G. Maridueña-Zavala ◽  
Juan M. Cevallos-Cevallos
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Resistance Strategies ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Biochemical State ◽  
Plant Abiotic Stress

Metabolomics is a technology that generates large amounts of data and contributes to obtaining wide and integral explanations of the biochemical state of a living organism. Plants are continuously affected by abiotic stresses such as water scarcity, high temperatures and high salinity, and metabolomics has the potential for elucidating the response-to-stress mechanisms and develop resistance strategies in affected cultivars. This review describes the characteristics of each of the stages of metabolomic studies in plants and the role of metabolomics in the characterization of the response of various plant species to abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Assimilation in the Highly Salt- and Boron-Tolerant Ecotype Zea mays L. Amylacea

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Fuertes-Mendizábal ◽  
Elizabeth Irica Bastías ◽  
Carmen González-Murua ◽  
Mª Begoña González-Moro
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nr Activity

The Lluta Valley in Northern Chile is an important agricultural area affected by both salinity and boron (B) toxicity. Zea mays L. amylacea, an ecotype arisen because of the seed selection practiced in this valley, shows a high tolerance to salt and B levels. In the present study the interaction between B and salt was studied after 20 days of treatment at low (100 mM) and high salinity (430 mM NaCl), assessing changes in nitrogen metabolites and in the activity of key nitrogen-assimilating enzymes. Under non-saline conditions, the presence of excessive B favored higher nitrate and ammonium mobilization to leaves, increasing nitrate reductase (NR) activity but not glutamine synthetase (GS). Thus, the increment of nitrogen use efficiency by B application would contribute partially to maintain the biomass production in this ecotype. Positive relationships between NR activity, nitrate, and stomatal conductance were observed in leaves. The increment of major amino acids alanine and serine would indicate a photoprotective role of photorespiration under low-salinity conditions, thus the inhibition of nitrogen assimilation pathway (NR and GS activities) occurred only at high salinity. The role of cytosolic GS regarding the proline accumulation is discussed.

scholarly journals The Mycobiota of the Deep Sea: What Omics Can Offer

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Lluvia Vargas-Gastélum ◽  
Meritxell Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Culture Dependent

The deep sea (>1000 m below sea level) represents one of the most extreme environments of the ocean. Despite exhibiting harsh abiotic conditions such as low temperatures, high hydrostatic pressure, high salinity concentrations, a low input of organic matter, and absence of light, the deep sea encompasses a great fungal diversity. For decades, most knowledge on the fungal diversity of the deep sea was obtained through culture-dependent techniques. More recently, with the latest advances of high-throughput next generation sequencing platforms, there has been a rapid increment in the number of studies using culture-independent techniques. This review brings into the spotlight the progress of the techniques used to assess the diversity and ecological role of the deep-sea mycobiota and provides an overview on how the omics technologies have contributed to gaining knowledge about fungi and their activity in poorly explored marine environments. Finally, current challenges and suggested coordinated efforts to overcome them are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of the Tibetan Plateau in the Formation of Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 3603-3617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wen ◽  
Haijun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Meridional Overturning ◽  
The Kuroshio

AbstractThe effects of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) on the Pacific Ocean circulation are investigated using a fully coupled climate model. Sensitivity experiments are designed to demonstrate that the presence of the TP is the reason for the lack of strong deep water formation in the subpolar North Pacific, because removing the TP in the model would enable the establishment of the Pacific meridional overturning circulation (PMOC). The processes involved are described in detail as follows. Removing the TP in the model would excite an anomalous high pressure over the subpolar North Pacific, causing anomalous Ekman downwelling that enhances surface water subduction north of 40°N. Removing the TP would also lead to less freshwater flux into the western Pacific, increasing sea surface salinity over the region. The high-salinity surface water can then be advected northward and eastward by the Kuroshio and its extension, subducting along the 26–27σθ isopycnal surfaces to the deeper ocean, which enables the formation of deep water in the North Pacific and the setup of the PMOC. Afterward, more high-salinity warm water would be transported from the tropics to the extratropics by the Kuroshio, leading to the establishment of the PMOC. The role of the Rocky Mountains is also examined in this study. We conclude that the Rocky Mountains may play a trivial role in modulating the meridional overturning circulations in both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

The role of growth hormone in the adaptability of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) to seawater: effects on the morphology of the mucosa of the middle intestine

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2361-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nonnotte ◽  
G. Boeuf ◽  
G. Nonnotte
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Sham Treatment ◽  
Treated Fish

Ultrastructural modifications of the middle intestine of the salmon, Salmo salar, induced by transfer to seawater have been studied in two groups of fish: the first group received sham treatment and the second was treated with ovine growth hormone (oGH). In sham-treated fish during the first 2 days in seawater, significant distension of the intercellular spaces was observed between the apical tight junction and the basement membrane. In the basal part of the enterocytes, tubular invaginations in the intercellular spaces were closely associated with mitochondria. In oGH-implanted fish, we observed no signs of modification of the ultrastructure of the mucosa. There were no dilatations of the intercellular spaces and no infoldings in the basal part of the enterocytes. After 7 days in seawater, the mucosa of the intestine of sham- and oGH-treated fish was quite similar. The effects of oGH treatment were clear, and treatment seemed to provoke "pre-adaptation" of the intestinal mucosa before exposure to high salinity to maintain the morphology of the middle intestine of Atlantic salmon abruptly transferred to seawater.

Critical role of the structure of the mineral-water interface in the zeta potential measured by streaming potential method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Li ◽  
Matthew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Streaming Potential ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Fontainebleau Sandstone ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
First Time ◽  
Polarity Change

<p><span>In this study, zeta potential has been measured by using the streaming potential method for the intact sandstone in contact with CaCl<sub>2</sub> electrolytes. The experimental results show that a positive zeta potential has been observed for the first time for the intact Fontainebleau sandstone under high salinity of CaCl<sub>2</sub>, and its magnitude increases with increasing ionic strength. It cannot be explained by the Gouy-Chapman theory anticipating a constant potential for high salinities due to the collapse of the electrical double layer. Meanwhile, the brine effluents after the completion of the streaming potential measurements were collected and then pH and brine composition were analysed suggesting that those variations of pH and chemical composition are negligible and cannot explain the polarity change at high salinity. The anomalous positive potential of the intact Fontainebleau sandstone is due to that overcharge of calcium ions sorbed into the mineral surface, which is consistence with previous literature data.</span></p>

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