scholarly journals An experimental quantum Bernoulli factory

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. eaau6668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj B. Patel ◽  
Terry Rudolph ◽  
Geoff J. Pryde
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Single Qubit ◽  
Quantum Technology

There has been a concerted effort to identify problems computable with quantum technology, which are intractable with classical technology or require far fewer resources to compute. Recently, randomness processing in a Bernoulli factory has been identified as one such task. Here, we report two quantum photonic implementations of a Bernoulli factory, one using quantum coherence and single-qubit measurements and the other one using quantum coherence and entangling measurements of two qubits. We show that the former consumes three orders of magnitude fewer resources than the best-known classical method, while entanglement offers a further fivefold reduction. These concepts may provide a means for quantum-enhanced performance in the simulation of stochastic processes and sampling tasks.

scholarly journals Caputo Fractional Derivative and Quantum-Like Coherence

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Garland Culbreth ◽  
Mauro Bologna ◽  
Bruce J. West ◽  
Paolo Grigolini
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Equation ◽  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Anomalous Diffusion ◽  
Caputo Fractional Derivative ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diffusion Equations ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Ordinary Time

We study two forms of anomalous diffusion, one equivalent to replacing the ordinary time derivative of the standard diffusion equation with the Caputo fractional derivative, and the other equivalent to replacing the time independent diffusion coefficient of the standard diffusion equation with a monotonic time dependence. We discuss the joint use of these prescriptions, with a phenomenological method and a theoretical projection method, leading to two apparently different diffusion equations. We prove that the two diffusion equations are equivalent and design a time series that corresponds to the anomalous diffusion equation proposed. We discuss these results in the framework of the growing interest in fractional derivatives and the emergence of cognition in nature. We conclude that the Caputo fractional derivative is a signature of the connection between cognition and self-organization, a form of cognition emergence different from the other source of anomalous diffusion, which is closely related to quantum coherence. We propose a criterion to detect the action of self-organization even in the presence of significant quantum coherence. We argue that statistical analysis of data using diffusion entropy should help the analysis of physiological processes hosting both forms of deviation from ordinary scaling.

scholarly journals Stochastic Processes with a Particular Type of Variograms

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Brownian Motion ◽  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
Series Expansion ◽  
Real Line ◽  
Random Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simple Construction ◽  
The Real ◽  
Line Form

This paper is concerned with a class of stochastic processes or random fields with second-order increments, whose variograms have a particular form, among which stochastic processes having orthogonal increments on the real line form an important subclass. A natural issue, how big this subclass is, has not been explicitly addressed in the literature. As a solution, this paper characterizes a stochastic process having orthogonal increments on the real line in terms of its variogram or its construction. Our findings are a little bit surprising: this subclass is big in terms of the variogram, and on the other hand, it is relatively “small” according to a simple construction. In particular, every such process with Gaussian increments can be simply constructed from Brownian motion. Using the characterizations we obtain a series expansion of the stochastic process with orthogonal increments.

scholarly journals Markov chains and the determination of fair premiums

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Vajda
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Process ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Pure Mathematics ◽  
The University

The relationships between actuarial and pure mathematics are curious. Actuaries have contributed to the development of mathematical theory: it is sufficient to mention, as examples, Fredholm of an earlier, and Cramér of a more recent generation. Scandinavian mathematicians, in particular, have been concerned with a very special type of stochastic process, reflected in the collective theory of risk, and the work of Philipson, Ammeter and others in this field is well known to readers of this Bulletin. However, the main stream of the theory of stochastic processes has little contact with actuarial applications.On the other hand, many actuaries have studied and assimilated pure mathematics and have thrown light on actuarial matters by describing their own preoccupations in the terminology of modern, often abstract, mathematics. E. Franckx is one of their number.The Instituto di Matematica Finanziaria of the University of Trieste (Faculty of Economics and Commerce) has published a booklet entitledEssai d'une théorie opérationnelle des risques Markoviens which contains three lectures delivered by Professor Franckx in Trieste and a contribution which he presented to the 17th Congress of Actuaries, held in London in 1964.

Cyclic quantum teleportation via GHZ-like state

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050333
Author(s):  
Vikram Verma
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Teleportation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Qubit ◽  
Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Qubit States

Following the work of Chen et al. [Quantum Inf. Process. 16, 201 (2017)] and Zhang [Mod. Phys. Lett. A 34, 1950290 (2019)], we propose a scheme for cyclic quantum teleportation (CYQT) in which three participants Alice, Bob and Charlie can teleport three arbitrary single-qubit information states cyclically among themselves by using GHZ-like states. Chen et al. and Zhang proposed schemes for CYQT and bidirectional quantum teleportation (BQT) involving three participants, respectively. In the scheme of Chen et al., the quantum teleportation (QT) can be realized successfully between any two participants without the help of third participants and in Zhang’s scheme, two unknown single-qubit states are teleported bidirectionally between two participants with the help of a third participant. On the other hand, in our proposed scheme, all the three participants are controller as well as sender and receiver. The teleportation processes Alice [Formula: see text] Bob, Bob [Formula: see text] Charlie and Charlie [Formula: see text] Alice are controlled by Charlie, Alice and Bob, respectively, and hence the CYQT could not be realized successfully without the cooperation of all three participants. If any one participant denies to cooperate with other two participants, then the CYQT cannot be realized successfully.

Value Analysis and TRIZ - A Methodology for Innovative Economics and Technical Solutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 1535-1540
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mariana Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Debate ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Managerial Innovation ◽  
Business And Management ◽  
Management Domains

This paper presents a new methodology entitled AVTRIZ by its author, which allows technical, economic and managerial innovation based on the forecasting approach, while operating inside various systems. As the foundation of the new methodology, a classical method was chosen, well-known and widely applied that is the Method of Value Analysis and Engineering, a domain where the author has previous concerns. Starting from the fact that this method is deficient in terms of generating improvement solutions, the author searched and identified a method of current interest and global opportunity that is the TRIZ method [1], which is a method of wide debate, very controversial in terms of its adaptability from the technical to the business and management domains. On the other hand, TRIZ is deficient in terms of checking the solutions, a fact which can be successfully compensated by the Value Analysis Engineering method. Based on the above-mentioned approach, the research activities carried out by the author have brought in a new methodology, which is structured on 3 steps, 8 stages and 30 phases, based on the method of Value Analysis and Engineering, while also applying the TRIZ method.

Magnetoresistance in Granular Metals

1990 ◽  
Vol 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.L. Mclean
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Variable Range Hopping ◽  
Mobility Edge ◽  
Variable Range ◽  
Quantum Coherence Effects ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Scaling Arguments ◽  
Granular Aluminum

ABSTRACTWe review the origins of the magnetoresistance in granular metals with emphasis on the quantum coherence effects arising from the interference of electrons traveling by different paths. We discuss the maximum in the magnetoresistance expected from scaling arguments and observed in granular aluminum. Two theories of the magnetoresistance in the variable range hopping regime, one based on the magnetic-field induced shift of the mobility edge and the other dealing with ‘directed’ hopping, are compared with experiments.

TRIPARTITION OF ARBITRARY SINGLE-QUBIT QUANTUM INFORMATION BY USING ASYMMETRIC FOUR-QUBIT W STATE

2009 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
YI-MIN LIU ◽  
XIAO-FENG YIN ◽  
WEN ZHANG ◽  
ZHAN-JUN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
W State ◽  
Unitary Operation ◽  
Quantum Channels ◽  
Single Qubit

In this paper we propose a four-party scheme for a sender to achieve the tripartition of his/her arbitrary single-qubit quantum information among three recipients via an asymmetric four-qubit W state as quantum channels. In the scheme, if and only if, the three recipients cooperate together, they can perfectly retrieve the sender's quantum information by performing first two 2-qubit collective unitary operations and then a single-qubit unitary operation. The scheme is symmetric with respect to the reconstruction for any recipient can conclusively recover the quantum information with the other two's helps.

SYMMETRIC AND PROBABILISTIC MULTIPARTY REMOTE STATE PREPARATION VIA THE POSITIVE-OPERATOR-VALUED MEASURE

2009 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 991-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
YI-MIN LIU ◽  
ZHANG-YIN WANG ◽  
XIAN-SONG LIU ◽  
ZHAN-JUN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Positive Operator ◽  
Qubit State ◽  
Remote State Preparation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Projective Measurement ◽  
State Preparation ◽  
Single Qubit ◽  
Prepared State ◽  
Positive Operator Valued Measure

We present a tripartite scheme for a preparer to remotely prepare an arbitrary single-qubit state in either distant ministrant's place by using a GHZ-type state. After the preparer's single-qubit state projective measurement, by performing a proper positive operator-valued measure, one ministrant can construct the preparer's state in a probabilistic manner with the other ministrant's assistance. Furthermore, we show that the remote state preparation can be achieved with a higher probability provided that the prepared state belongs to two special ensembles. Finally, we sketch the generalization of the tripartite scheme to a multiparty case.

scholarly journals A Universal Turboprop Engine Dynamometer Test Cell

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mainville ◽  
D. Melfi ◽  
M. Whiting
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Flow ◽  
Test Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Production Facility ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Turboprop Engine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dynamometer Test

Pratt & Whitney Canada produces a wide range of aircraft engines and this has led to a concerted effort to standardize and streamline its production engine test facilities. P&WC produce two very different series of turboprop engines, the PW100 with a conventional intake and exhaust arrangement and the PT6 with its reverse flow arrangement. A dynamometer test cell capable of testing both these engine series has been designed and built at Longueuil and is now in operation. The changeover from one model to the other can be carried out by an operator in less than two hours and requires no special tooling or manpower. This paper discusses the solutions developed to overcome the inherent problems of intake and exhaust arrangement, engine mounting, slave equipment requirements etc. generated by testing two very different families of engines in the same test cell coupled with the need to incorporate the efficiency and ease of operation required of a production facility.

scholarly journals Conditional Processes Induced by Birth and Death Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Masaru Iizuka ◽  
Matsuyo Tomisaki
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Processes ◽  
State Space ◽  
Boundary Point ◽  
Markov Property ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birth And Death Processes ◽  
Left Boundary ◽  
Finite State ◽  
The Right ◽  
Finite State Space

For birth and death processes with finite state space, we consider stochastic processes induced by conditioning on hitting the right boundary point before hitting the left boundary point. We call the induced stochastic processes the conditional processes. We show that the conditional processes are again birth and death processes when the right boundary point is absorbing. On the other hand, it is shown that the conditional processes do not have Markov property and they are not birth and death processes when the right boundary point is reflecting.

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