scholarly journals Comment on Trophic strategy and bleaching resistance in reef-building corals

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. eabd9453
Author(s):  
Martin Thibault ◽  
Anne Lorrain ◽  
Fanny Houlbrèque
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Trophic Strategy

In an era of major environmental changes, understanding corals’ resistance to bleaching is as crucial as it is challenging. A promising framework for inferring corals’ trophic strategies from Stable Isotope Bayesian Ellipses has been recently proposed to this end. As a contribution to this framework, we quantify a risk of bias inherent in its application and propose three alternative adjustments.

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollution Sources and Contribution in Urban Dust Using Metal Concentrations and Multi-Isotope Ratios (13C, 207/206Pb) in a Complex Industrial Port Area, Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 840
Author(s):  
Min-Seob Kim ◽  
Jee-Young Kim ◽  
Jaeseon Park ◽  
Suk-Hee Yeon ◽  
Sunkyoung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Urban Dust ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mn Ore

The metal concentrations and isotopic compositions (13C, 207/206Pb) of urban dust, topsoil, and PM10 samples were analyzed in a residential area near Donghae port, Korea, which is surrounded by various types of industrial factories and raw material stockpiled on empty land, to determine the contributions of the main pollution sources (i.e., Mn ore, Zn ore, cement, coal, coke, and topsoil). The metal concentrations of urban dust in the port and residential area were approximately 85~112 times higher (EF > 100) in comparison with the control area (EF < 2), especially the Mn and Zn ions, indicating they were mainly derived from anthropogenic source. These ions have been accumulating in urban dust for decades; furthermore, the concentration of PM10 is seven times higher than that of the control area, which means that contamination is even present. The isotopic (13C, 207/206Pb) values of the pollution sources were highly different, depending on the characteristics of each source: cement (−19.6‰, 0.8594‰), Zn ore (−24.3‰, 0.9175‰), coal (−23.6‰, 0.8369‰), coke (−27.0‰, 0.8739‰), Mn ore (−24.9‰, 0.9117‰), soil (−25.2‰, 0.7743‰). As a result of the evaluated contributions of pollution source on urban dust through the Iso-source and SIAR models using stable isotope ratios (13C, 207/206Pb), we found that the largest contribution of Mn (20.4%) and Zn (20.3%) ions are derived from industrial factories and ore stockpiles on empty land (Mn and Zn). It is suggested that there is a significant influence of dust scattered by wind from raw material stockpiles, which are stacked near ports or factories. Therefore, there is evidence to support the idea that port activities affect the air quality of residence areas in a city. Our results may indicate that metal concentrations and their stable isotope compositions can predict environmental changes and act as a powerful tool to trace the past and present pollution history in complex contexts associated with peri-urban regions.

Analytical pyrolysis and stable isotope analyses reveal past environmental changes in coralloid speleothems from Easter Island (Chile)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1461 ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Z. Miller ◽  
José M. De la Rosa ◽  
Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo ◽  
Manuel F.C. Pereira ◽  
José A González-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Analyses ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Dietary composition of endangered seahorses determined by stable isotope analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Valladares ◽  
D. X. Soto ◽  
M. Planas
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Isotope Mixing Models ◽  
North Western

The lack of integrated measures for assessing the feeding ecology of seahorses may restrict the effectiveness of conservation actions on wild populations of worldwide threatened seahorse species. Identifying dietary sources will allow researchers to determine their degree of vulnerability to environmental changes, redefine their conservation status and apply appropriate management strategies. The resource use of the seahorse Hippocampus guttulatus inhabiting coastal waters of Galicia (north-western Iberian Peninsula) was assessed for three populations and 2 years using stable isotope mixing models. The Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) estimated the relative contributions of the dietary sources to the seahorse diet and revealed that Caprellidea were the primary source, followed by Gammaridea and Caridea. Mysidae and Annelida represented the less dominant prey. This prey preference can be explained by the foraging behaviour of seahorses. Different contributions of Gammaridea and Caridea to the diet were found among sites, indicating different habitat characteristics and hence different habitat use by seahorses within each site. In addition, differences were encountered among sexes. Caprellidea was the dominant prey for females, whereas Gammaridea was the dominant prey for males. The findings of the present study will contribute to the knowledge of feeding patterns of H. guttulatus, providing relevant data for conservation of this endangered species.

Late Glacial/Early Holocene environmental changes in Thuringia, Germany: Stable isotope record and vegetation history

2009 ◽  
Vol 203 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Boettger ◽  
Achim Hiller ◽  
Frank W. Junge ◽  
Dietrich Mania ◽  
Konstantin Kremenetski
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Vegetation History ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
Stable Isotope Record

Stable isotope analyses of mammal skeletal remains of Holocene age from European Russia: A way to trace dietary and environmental changes

Geobios ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Iacumin ◽  
V. Nikolaev ◽  
L. Genoni ◽  
M. Ramigni ◽  
Ya G. Ryskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Stable Isotope Analyses ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Environmental changes in northern New Zealand since the Middle Holocene inferred from stable isotope records (δ15N, δ13C) of Lake Pupuke

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Heyng ◽  
Christoph Mayr ◽  
Andreas Lücke ◽  
Bernd Striewski ◽  
Stefan Wastegård ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Middle Holocene

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variation in Stable Isotope and Elemental Composition of Key-Species Reflect Environmental changes in the Baltic Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla LIENART ◽  
Andrius GARBARAS ◽  
Susanne QVARFORDT ◽  
Jakob WALVE ◽  
Agnes ML Karlson
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Key Species

Abstract Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios are increasingly used to study long-term change in food web structure and nutrient cycling. Whether isotope composition in primary producers and consumers (so-called isotope baselines) reflect environmental changes in a similar manner is largely unknown. We take advantage of long-term oceanographic monitoring data and archived biological samples for the well-studied Baltic Sea to retrospectively analyse elemental composition (C, N and P) and stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) in the filamentous ephemeral macroalgae Cladophora spp. and in blue mussel Mytilus edulis trossulus from three contrasting regions (coastal Bothnian Sea and Baltic proper, open sea central Baltic) with the aim to statistically link the observed spatial and interannual (8–24 years’ time-series) variability in elemental and isotope baselines with environmental changes. We find clear differences in isotope baselines between the two major Baltic Sea basins. However, the temporal development in Mytilus δ13C was remarkably similar among regions and, at the open sea station, mussels and algae δ13C also correlated over time, likely reflecting a global Baltic Sea or Northern Hemisphere pattern. In contrast, δ15N of both taxa responded to regional and local drivers (water nutrient concentrations). δ15N in source amino acids allowed detection of diazotrophic N signal in Mytilus, which was masked in bulk δ15N. Finally, Cladophora N:P reflected regional nutrient levels in the water while P %, which differed for both taxa, was linked to food quality for Mytilus. This study highlights the potential of a multi-taxa and multi-stable isotope approach to understand nutrient dynamics and monitor long-term environmental changes.

scholarly journals Faunal/floral and isotopic responses to Milankovitch precession cycles and environmental changes in the upper Gulpen Formation (Upper Maastrichtian) at the CBR-Lixhe and ENCI-Maastricht bv quarries

2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Felder ◽  
E. Keppens ◽  
B. Declercq ◽  
S. Normand ◽  
M. Streel
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic Composition ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Upper Maastrichtian

AbstractTwo sections, just below the Nivelle Horizon in the upper Gulpen Formation (Upper Maastrichtian), and seven kilometres apart (CBR-Lixhe and ENCI-Maastricht bv quarries) have been analysed (samples every 5 cm) for dinocyst, pollen grains and bioclast contents as well as for carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, to obtain better insight into the influence of weathering on these sediments. The CBR section lies above groundwater level, while that at the ENCI quarry is some metres below. At the former quarry we recognised the influences of weathering (karst) nearby.At ENCI, palynological, bioclast and stable isotope results of the carbonate phase (mainly consisting of coccoliths) co-vary remarkably, displaying two cycles which may be interpreted tentatively as climatic fluctuations. The ∂18O curve varies roughly between −1.6‰ and −1.1‰ (on PDB scale), corresponding to a temperature change of about 2°C. Less negative values (i.e. cooler seawater) coincide with larger amounts of pollen of Normapolles and Triporates type assumed to represent temperate forest elements of a vegetation also containing tropical elements such as palms. Assuming the 5 cm sample intervals at ENCI to correspond to 1 ka, climatic maxima (and minima) may be 20–25 ka apart, obviously recalling Milankovitch precession cycles.These are independent of a sharp sedimentological change noted in the upper part of the lowest cycle (samples 42 to 24). Upwards of sample 42, bioclast contents increase and dinocysts, Spiniferites in particular, decrease significantly, corresponding to a marked shallowing. This turning point is also recorded in the ∂13C curve at ENCI. Bioclast percentages appear to follow composite trends that are influenced by both climatic and sedimentological conditions.

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