scholarly journals Who’s the most influential biomedical scientist? Computer program guided by artificial intelligence says it knows

Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalmeet Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Biomedical Scientist

An IBM PC Based Computer Program for the Analysis of Infrared Spectra

1991 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1739-1745
Author(s):  
Min J. Yang ◽  
Paul W. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Operating System ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Disk Operating System ◽  
Interpretation System ◽  
Ibm Pc

A computerized infrared interpreter has been developed on an IBM personal computer (PC) running under the Microsoft disk operating system (DOS). Based on the original Merck Sharp & Dhome Research Laboratory Program for the Analysis of InfRared Spectra (PAIRS), this infrared interpreter, PC PAIRS+, is capable of analyzing infrared spectra measured from a wide variety of spectrophotometers. Modifications to PAIRS now allow the application of both artificial intelligence and library searching techniques in the program. A new algorithm has been devised to combine the results from the library searching and the PAIRS program to enhance the dependability of interpretational data. The increased capability of this infrared interpreter along with its applicability on a personal computer results in a powerful, general-purpose, and easy-to-use infrared interpretation system. Applications of PC PAIRS+ on petrochemical samples are described.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence and copyright

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Daryna Prylypko
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Level ◽  
Human Agent ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
Justice Practice

Key words: copyright, work, artificial intelligence, computer program In the article, the problemsof legislation of Ukraine regarding the issues of copyright on works created due to artificialintelligence were analyzed. Particularly, who is the owner of copyright ofworks created due to artificial intelligence. On the one hand, it could be a developer ofa computer program, from the other hand, it could be a client or an employer. Because,it could happen that there is a situation when robots created something newand original, e.g., how it happened with the project “New Rembrandt”. In this case,computers created a unique portrait of Rembrandt. And here is a question, where isin this portrait original and intellectual works of developers of these computers andprograms. In the contrast, this portrait could be created without people who developedspecial machines, programs, and computers. The article’s author proposes to addinto Ukrainian legislation with following norm: the owner of the copyright createddue to artificial intelligence should be a natural person who uses artificial intelligencefor these purposes within the official relationship or on the basis of a contract. In caseof automatic generation of such work by artificial intelligence, the owner of copyrightshould be the developer.Also, another question arises, particularly, who will be responsible for the damagecaused by the artificial intelligence. As an example, of the solution for this issue Resolution2015/2103 (INL) was given, where is mentioned that human agent could be responsiblefor the caused damage. Because, it is not always a developer is responsiblefor the damage.Also, the legislation and justice practice of foreign countries was explored. Theways of overcoming mentioned problems in legislation of Ukraine were proposed.Such as changing our legislation and giving the exact explanation in who is the ownerof copyright on works created due to artificial intelligence and in which cases this personcould become an owner of the copyright. However, probably, these issues shouldbe resolved at international level regarding globalization.

Chinese room argument

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Van Gulick
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Chinese Room ◽  
Chinese Room Argument ◽  
Strong Ai

John Searle’s ‘Chinese room’ argument aims to refute ‘strong AI’ (artificial intelligence), the view that instantiating a computer program is sufficient for having contentful mental states. Imagine a program that produces conversationally appropriate Chinese responses to Chinese utterances. Suppose Searle, who understands no Chinese, sits in a room and is passed slips of paper bearing strings of shapes which, unbeknown to him, are Chinese sentences. Searle performs the formal manipulations of the program and passes back slips bearing conversationally appropriate Chinese responses. Searle seems to instantiate the program, but understands no Chinese. So, Searle concludes, strong AI is false.

Superhuman Intelligence

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Chris Bleakley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Board Game ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
World Champion ◽  
Human Player

Chapter 12 is the story of AlphaGo – the first computer program to defeat a top human player at the board game Go. On March 19, 2016, grandmaster Lee Sedol took on AlphaGo for a US$1 million prize in a best of five match. Experts expected that it would be easy money for Sedol. To most observers surprise, AlphaGo swept the first three games to win the match. AlphaGo was based on deep artificial neural networks (ANNs). The networks were trained with 30 million example moves followed 1.2 million games played against itself. AlphaGo was the creation of a London based company named Deep Mind Technologies. Founded in 2010 and acquired by Google 2014, DeepMind’s made a succession of high profile breakthroughs in artificial intelligence. Recently, their AlphaZero ANN displayed signs of general-purpose intelligence. It learned to play Chess, Shogi, and Go to world champion level in a few days.

scholarly journals SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT PARU – PARU MENGGUNAKAN METODE CASE BASE REASONING PADA TELEGRAM BOT

Repositor ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 711
Author(s):  
Ahmadu Kajukaro ◽  
Yufiz Azhar ◽  
Maskur Maskur
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
System Output ◽  
Case Base ◽  
Case Base Reasoning ◽  
Case Data

Abstrak Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas mengenai pembangunan sebuah aplikasi sistem pakar diagnosa penyakit paru. Dalam mendiagnosa penyakit paru–paru, sistem pakar ini akan menggunakan metode Case Base Reasoning (CBR) pada Bot Telegram. CBR menggunakan kecerdasan buatan (Aritifical Intelegent) yang dalam pemecahan permasalahannya berdasarkan pada knowledge dari kasus–kasus sebelumnya yang ada pada database. Data kasus yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data kasus yang diperoleh dari catatan atau rekam medis hasil penanganan pasien atau penderita penyakit paru-paru yang didiagnosa oleh dokter spesialis paru. Bot Telegram merupakan program komputer yang melakukan pekerjaan tertentu secara otomatis untuk meringankan pekerjaan manusia. Terdapat 7 buah kasus lama, dan satu kasus baru yang akan digunakan untuk menghitung nilai kedekatannya dengan kasus lama. Hasilnya sistem akan memberikan keluaran atau output berupa kemungkinan penyakit dan saran pengobatan yang didasarkan pada kemiripan kasus baru degan kasus lama yang ada pada basis pengetahuan (knowledge) yang dimiliki sistem.Abstract            In this study will be discussed on the development of an application expert system of diagnosis of pulmonary disease. In diagnosing pulmonary disease lung, expert system it will use the method of Case Base Reasoning (CBR) on Bot Telegram. CBR uses artificial intelligence (Aritifical Intelegent) that in solving the problem based on their knowledge of the case the case of previously existing in the database. The case of the data used in this study was obtained from case data records or medical record results handling patient or sufferer of lung disease that is diagnosed by lung specialist. BOT Telegram is a computer program that performs specific work automatically to ease the work of man. There were 7 cases of old fruit, and one new cases that will be used to calculate the value of proximity to old cases. The result will give the system output or output in the form of the possibility of disease and treatment suggestions based on the similarity of new cases by case long on knowledge base (knowledge) that owned the system.

Simultaneous Interpreting (SI): the Holy Grail of Artificial Intelligence – An SI Practitioner’s Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Image Recognition ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Holy Grail ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Class ◽  
Near Future

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) has been become a household expression, especially in the past couple of years thanks to Google’s AI Computer program AlphaGo defeating a couple of world-class Go masters from Korea and China. In recent years, machines have surpassed humans in the performance of certain specific tasks, such as some aspects of image recognition. Although it is unlikely that machines will exhibit broadly-applicable intelligence comparable to or exceeding that of humans in the near future, experts forecast that rapid progress in the field of specialized AI will continue, with machines reaching and exceeding human performance on an increasing number of tasks. Simultaneous interpreting, being among the most complex of human cognitive/linguistic activities, with all the associated ergonomic elements, has been discussed profusely as one of the most likely to be taken over by AI in a couple of years. Given that so much has to be there simultaneously, i. e. anticipation, restoration of the implicit-explicit balance, and communicative re-packaging (‘re-ostension’

4. The art, science, and engineering of programming

2016 ◽  
pp. 62-80
Author(s):  
Subrata Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Software Engineering ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Mathematical Science ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Concepts And Categories ◽  
Algorithmic Thinking

Algorithmic thinking is sometimes not enough—programming is also required. A computer program is the specification of a desired computation in a language communicable to physical computers. The act of constructing such computations is called programming and the languages for specifying programs are called programming languages. Programs are liminal artefacts and the consequences of this liminality are both huge and controversial, including the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive science. ‘The art, science, and engineering of programming’ explains language, thought, and reality in programming; the concepts and categories of programming languages; and programming as art, as a mathematical science, and as software engineering.

The Perception of Motion: Michotte Revisited

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Weir
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Moving Objects ◽  
Direct Perception ◽  
Knowledge Based

This paper extends the range of artificial-intelligence vision programs to the domain of moving objects, using the work of Michotte as a source of data for a computer program which purports to ‘see’ the action types he examined. Given the thesis that internal descriptions of a nonlinguistic type provide the basis for a constructive, knowledge-based theory of perception, the properties of a symbol-manipulating system capable of supporting this are explored as a challenge to the Michotte notion of “direct perception without interpretation”.

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