Contribution of Diurnal and Nocturnal Pollinators to the Reproductive Success of the Orchid species Gymnadenia conopsea.

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Meyer ◽  
Jennifer Kröger ◽  
Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Gymnadenia Conopsea ◽  
Nocturnal Pollinators

scholarly journals Do fungal associates of co-occurring orchids promote seed germination of the widespread orchid species Gymnadenia conopsea?

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Gao ◽  
Zeyu Zhao ◽  
Jiayao Li ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Hans Jacquemyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Gymnadenia Conopsea ◽  
Fungal Associates

Diurnal versus nocturnal pollinators and the effect of anthesis onset on the reproductive success of Agarista revoluta (Ericaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 305 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-384
Author(s):  
Marina M. Moreira ◽  
Amanda S. Miranda ◽  
Bárbara de Sá-Haiad ◽  
Lygia R. Santiago-Fernandes ◽  
Heloisa A. de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Nocturnal Pollinators

scholarly journals Diel pattern of floral scent emission matches the relative importance of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators in populations of Gymnadenia conopsea

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Chapurlat ◽  
Joseph Anderson ◽  
Jon Ågren ◽  
Magne Friberg ◽  
Nina Sletvold
Keyword(s):  
Floral Scent ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Diel Pattern ◽  
Gymnadenia Conopsea ◽  
Nocturnal Pollinators

Pollen load, capsule weight, and seed production in three orchid species

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Proctor ◽  
L. D. Harder
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Pollen Load ◽  
Seed Number ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Liquid Suspension ◽  
Ovule Number ◽  
Cypripedium Calceolus ◽  
The Relationship

Relationships between pollen load, seed production, and capsule weight in orchids are important both theoretically and pragmatically. It has been hypothesized that pollen packets (pollinia) evolved in orchids because of selection to produce packages capable of fertilizing all ovules in an ovary; testing this hypothesis requires information about the relationship between pollen load and seed production. As well, because capsules contain thousands to millions of seeds, an easily measured correlate of seed number, such as capsule weight, would be valuable for studies of reproductive success. We hand-pollinated Cypripedium calceolus, Amerorchis rotundifolia, and Calypso bulbosa with different pollen loads, weighed capsules, and estimated seed number by subsampling from liquid suspension. Pollen load affected seed number in Calypso but had no significant effect in Cypripedium or Amerorchis. Capsule weight was positively associated with seed number in all species, but there was considerable variation in R2 across species (from 0.40 to 0.85), indicating that it is unwise to assume that capsule weight is a good measure of relative reproductive success. As well, our data suggest that size of the typical unit of pollen deposition rather than that of the entire pollinarium evolved to match ovule number in orchids. Key words: Orchidaceae, pollen load, capsule weight, seed set.

Effectiveness of diurnal and nocturnal pollination of two milkweeds

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (16) ◽  
pp. 1744-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert I. Bertin ◽  
Mary F. Willson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Selective Abortion ◽  
Nocturnal Pollinators ◽  
Diurnal Species

The relative effectiveness of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators of two milkweed species, Asclepias syriaca and A. vcerticillata, was assessed experimentally and related to patterns of nectar production. Nocturnal pollinators inserted and removed fewer pollinia than diurnal vectors but caused equal pod set, and in A. syriaca, caused greater seed set. We suggest that observed peak nectar production patterns are adaptive in attracting nocturnal pollinators that may be of higher quality than diurnal species. This is one of the first attempts to compare the relative effectiveness of diurnal and nocturnal pollinators of any plant species. The excess of vector visits over that needed to obtain maximum pod set may allow selective abortion and (or) be adaptive in increasing reproductive success through pollinia donation.

scholarly journals Osmophores of the fragrant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea L. (Orchidaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Stpiczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
Large Nucleus ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Gymnadenia Conopsea ◽  
Granular Cytoplasm

Osmophores of <em>Gymnadenia conopsea</em> are located on the adaxial surface of labellum and on distal parts of two lateral sepals. Osmophore cells are characterised with a large nucleus, and dense, granular cytoplasm, which contains numerous membranes of ER and large lipid droplets. Plastids are probably involved in the synthesis of fragrant substances and, contrary to the most of investigated orchid species, they do not contain starch. Numerous secretory vesicles take part in the secretion. Secreted fragrant substance migrates across the cell wall and through the pores in the cuticle. It is not accumulated on the osmophore cell surface.

scholarly journals Is the pollination efficiency of long-lived orchid flowers affected by age?

Revista CERES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350
Author(s):  
Rúbia Santos Fonseca ◽  
Flávia Aparecida dos Santos ◽  
Milene Faria Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Pollination Efficiency ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Hand Pollination ◽  
Flower Age

The long-lived flowers of orchids increase the chances of pollination and thus the reproductive success of the species. However, a question arises: does the efficiency of pollination, expressed by fruit set, vary with the flower age? The objective of this study was to verify whether the flower age of Corymborkis flava(Sw.) Kuntze affects pollination efficiency. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) the fruit set of older flowers is lower than that of younger ones; 2) morphological observations (perianth and stigmatic area), stigma receptivity test by using a solution of hydrogen peroxide and hand-pollination tests are equally effective in defining the period of stigmatic receptivity. Flowers were found to be receptive from the first to the fourth day of anthesis. Fruit set of older flowers (third and fourth day) was lower than that of younger flowers. Morphological observations, the stigma receptivity test and hand-pollinations were equally effective in defining the period of stigmatic receptivity. However, to evaluate the maximum degree of stigma receptivity of orchid species with long-lived flowers, we recommend hand-pollinations, beyond the period of receptivity.

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