Control of Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus zeamais in stored rice with different release rates of the larval parasitoid Anisopteromalus calandrae

The use of carbon dioxide, added as dry ice, was demonstrated as a means of disinfestation of bagged wheat and rye enclosed in a PVC membrane. The bag stack was dosed with dry ice giving an atmosphere of about 60% CO2. Carbon dioxide levels were maintained over 22 days with additional charges of dry ice added directly on top of the stack or enclosed within a polystyrene box to regulate the CO2 release rate. A natural infestation of Rhyzopertha dominica with small numbers of other stored product pest species was controlled, with complete mortality of adult insects, but slight survival of some early stages of R. dominica. Some of the hymenopterous parasitoids, Anisopteromalus calandrae and Choetospila elegans, survived the treatment, apparently as pupae. The treatment was successful under conditions where many other methods of pest control were inapplicable because of difficulty or expense of application, as in a small bulk (2.8 tonnes), at low temperature (11-13�C), when the commodity is close to working areas and when there is a requirement for freedom from pesticide residues.

Download Full-text

Parasites of beetles which are pests of grain and products of its processing

Biosystems Diversity ◽

10.15421/011751 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

Author(s):

V. O. Martynov

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽

Ecological Condition ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Crop Pests ◽

Main Crop ◽

Anisopteromalus Calandrae ◽

Favorable Conditions

Crop pests are the cause of economic damage in many developing countries, including Ukraine, where annual loss of crop harvest on average equals 6 million tons, valued at 840 million dollars. Pests consume grain, causing its pollution and creating favorable conditions for development of mold, which significantly decreases the food and seeding properties of grain and products of its processing. This article presents basic data on biological control and its advantages, demonstrates the variety of natural enemies of the pest beetles, which are used in biological control, analyses studies of the biological control of main crop pests and products of its processing belonging to the families Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae, and also the role of competition in biological control. The analysis of studies on the effectiveness of different natural enemies of the main crop pest-beetles shows that the most studied parasites are Sitophilus granarius, S. zeamais, Tribolium confusum, T. castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Rhyzopertha dominica, Acanthoscelides obtectus and Callosobruchus maculatus. Natural enemies of the rest of the species are poorly studied, and there is no data on Caulophilus latinasus, Tenebroides mauritanicus, Dermestes lardarius, Ptinus fur and Bruchidius incarnatus. The most commonly used natural enemies are Xylocoris flavipes, Anisopteromalus calandrae, the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, and also nematodes of the Steinernema and Heterorhabditis genera. Despite the broad spectrum of natural enemies of the main pests of the grain supply, it is necessary to further study the parasites of every species of beetle which causes economic damage. Using biological control is the most promising method against pests of crops and products of its processing, which meets the current requirements to the sanitary-ecological condition of agricultural production.

Download Full-text

Studies on the ectoparasitoid, Anisopteromalus calandrae How. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as a biocontrol agent against the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fab.) in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Stored Products Research ◽

10.1016/0022-474x(96)00005-7 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 137-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Khalafalla S. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Lesser Grain Borer ◽

Anisopteromalus Calandrae

Download Full-text

Resíduos de fenitrotion e esfenvalerato em grãos de milho e trigo, em alguns de seus produtos processados e sua ação residual sobre Sitophilus oryzae (L., 1763), Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.,1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) e Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabr.,1792) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)

10.11606/t.11.2006.tde-06022007-161154 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Javier Alberto-Vásquez Castro

Keyword(s):

Sitophilus Oryzae ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais Motsch

Download Full-text

The Effective Insecticidal Activity of the two Extracts Ethyl Acetate and Hexan of Trichilia gilgiana against Sitophilus zeamaïs

International Journal of Biology ◽

10.5539/ijb.v8n2p23 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aba-Toumnou Lucie ◽

Wango Solange Patricia ◽

Kosh-Komba Ephrem ◽

Namkosséréna Salomon ◽

Bolevane-Ouatinam Serge Florent ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Pest Management ◽

Insecticidal Activity ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Traditional Use ◽

Measured Variable ◽

Botanical Pesticides ◽

Critical Constraints

Post-harvest losses are recognized to be one of the critical constraints upon food security among farmers of poor resource in Africa.The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark of Trichilia gilgiana was tested on Sitophilus zeamaïs, Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered (P < 0.001). Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of Trichilia gilgiana are effective against S. zeamais at the highest doses (1 g/ 10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent). These effective extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as 2-Oxazalidone; thiocyanic acid; Methanethioamide, N,N-dimethyl; 2-Coumaranone and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use of Trichilia gilgiana in pest management.

Download Full-text

Products derived from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum (Labiatae) as post-harvest grain protectants against the infestation of three major stored product insect pests

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300036099 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 361-367 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

B. Jembere ◽

D. Obeng-Ofori ◽

A. Hassanali ◽

G.N.N Nyamasyo

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Feeding Activity ◽

Sitophilus Zeamais ◽

Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽

Adult Survival ◽

Sitotroga Cerealella ◽

Pest Species ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Oil Extract

AbstractThe bioactivity of materials from the leaves of Ocimum kilimandscharicum was tested against Sitophilus zeamais Mots chulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in maize and sorghum grains in the laboratory. Exposure of adults of the three insect species to dried ground leaves and essential oil extract of O. kilimandscharicum induced 100% mortality after 48 h. Fresh and dried whole leaves were not toxic to Sitophilus zeamais or R. dominica. Grains treated with dried ground leaves and essential oil extract caused significant reductions in the number of progeny and survival rate of all three pest species tested. There was no adult survival or progeny production in grains treated separately with each of the two materials at doses of 25.0 g (dried ground leaves) and 0.3 g (essential oil) per 250 g of grain, respectively. Unlike R. dominica and Sitotroga cerealella, grains treated with fresh leaves enhanced the feeding activity of Sitophilus zeamais. Ground leaves and the essential oil, however, protected the grains against feeding by all three species, resulting in lower weight loss and number of damaged seeds compared with untreated grains. All the plant materials were repellent to S. zeamais with the essential oil extract applied at 0.3 g/250 g of grain evoking the highest repellent action. There was, however, considerable variation in the repellency of the materials against R. dominica and Sitotroga cerealella. The results are discussed in terms of the efficacy of O. kilimandscharicum for protection against loss due to insects in traditional grain storage in developing countries.

Download Full-text