scholarly journals Effects of Chloromethanes on Growth of and Deletion of the pce Gene Cluster in Dehalorespiring Desulfitobacterium hafniense Strain Y51

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5998-6003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Futagami ◽  
Takehito Yamaguchi ◽  
Shun-ichi Nakayama ◽  
Masatoshi Goto ◽  
Kensuke Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Reductive Dehalogenase ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Desulfitobacterium Hafniense ◽  
Significant Growth Inhibition

ABSTRACT The dehalorespiring Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain Y51 efficiently dechlorinates tetrachloroethene (PCE) to cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) via trichloroethene by PceA reductive dehalogenase encoded by the pceA gene. In a previous study, we found that the significant growth inhibition of strain Y51 occurred in the presence of commercial cis-DCE. In this study, it turned out that the growth inhibition was caused by chloroform (CF) contamination of cis-DCE. Interestingly, CF did not affect the growth of PCE-nondechlorinating SD (small deletion) and LD (large deletion) variants, where the former fails to transcribe the pceABC genes caused by a deletion of the promoter and the latter lost the entire pceABCT gene cluster. Therefore, PCE-nondechlorinating variants, mostly LD variant, became predominant, and dechlorination activity was significantly reduced in the presence of CF. Moreover, such a growth inhibitory effect was also observed in the presence of carbon tetrachloride at 1 μM, but not carbon dichloride even at 1 mM.

Enforced CD19 Expression Leads to Growth Inhibition and Reduced Tumorigenicity

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 3551-3558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maged S. Mahmoud ◽  
Ryuichi Fujii ◽  
Hideaki Ishikawa ◽  
Michio M. Kawano
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Myeloma Cell Line ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Myeloma Cells ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Human Myeloma Cell Line

In multiple myeloma (MM), the cell surface protein, CD19, is specifically lost while it continues to be expressed on normal plasma cells. To examine the biological significance of loss of CD19 in human myeloma, we have generated CD19 transfectants of a tumorigenic human myeloma cell line (KMS-5). The CD19 transfectants showed slower growth rate in vitro than that of control transfectants. They also showed a lower capability for colony formation as evaluated by anchorage-independent growth in soft agar assay. The CD19 transfectants also had reduced tumorigenicity in vivo when subcutaneously implanted into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-human interleukin-6 (hIL-6) transgenic mice. The growth-inhibitory effect was CD19-specific and probably due to CD19 signaling because this effect was not observed in cells transfected with a truncated form of CD19 that lacks the cytoplasmic signaling domain. The in vitro growth-inhibitory effect was confirmed in a nontumorigenic human myeloma cell line (U-266). However, introduction of the CD19 gene into a human erythroleukemia cell line (K-562) also induced growth inhibition, suggesting that this effect is CD19-specific, but not restricted to myeloma cells. These data suggest that the specific and generalized loss of CD19 in human myeloma cells could be an important factor contributing to the proliferation of the malignant plasma cell clones in this disease.

Targeting IKK Inhibits Multiple Myeloma (MM) Cell Growth in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2351-2351
Author(s):  
Teru Hideshima ◽  
Pierfrancesco Tassone ◽  
Dharminder Chauhan ◽  
Kenji Ishitsuka ◽  
Constantine Mitsiades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bone Marrow Microenvironment ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

Abstract NF-κB is a transcriptional factor promoting tumor cell growth and inhibition of apoptosis via regulating expression of proteins modulating cell cycle and anti-apoptosis. NF-κB is constitutively associated with an inhibitor (IκB), which is phosphorylated by IκB kinase (IKK) upon cell stimulation (ie, TNFα) and subsequently degraded by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thereby allowing NF-κB to translocate to nucleus. We have previously shown that an IKK inhibitor PS-1145 partially (20–50%) inhibits MM cell proliferation; however, it inhibits both IL-6 secretion from BMSCs triggered by MM cell adhesion and proliferation of MM cells adherent to BMSCs. Targeting IKKβ is therefore a possible therapeutic option for inhibition of MM cell growth in the bone marrow microenvironment by downregulating NF-κB activity. In this study, we further delineated the biologic significance of IKK inhibition in MM cells using IKKβ specific inhibitor MLN120B (Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA). MLN120B induced 60–90% growth inhibition in cells from the MM cell lines RPMI8226, RPMI/Dox40, RPMI/LR5, U266, and INA-6; on the other hand, it induced only 25–30% inhibition in MM.1S and MM.1R cells, assessed by 72 h tritiated-thymidine uptake. Importantly, neither IL-6 nor IGF-1 overcomes the growth inhibitory effect of MLN120B in both MM.1S and U266 cells. Interestingly, MLN120B significantly augmented TNFα-induced cytotoxicity in MM.1S cells. We next examined whether MLN120B could enhance the cytotoxicity of other agents. MLN120B augmented growth inhibition triggered by doxorubicin and melphalan in RPMI8226 and IL-6 dependent INA-6 cell line. We therefore studied growth inhibitory effect of MLN120B in the presence of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). MLN120B inhibited 70–80% of constitutive IL-6 secretion from BMSCs, without toxicity. Importantly, MLN120B almost completely blocked stimulation of MM.1S, U266 and INA-4 cell growth and IL-6 secretion from BMSCs induced by binding of tumor cells to BMSCs. Finally, MLN120B overcame the protective effect of BMSCs, cell adhesion mediated drug resistance, against dexamethasone in MM.1S cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate that an IKKβ inhibitor induces cytotoxicity in MM cells in the BM milieu, providing the framework for clinical trials of these novel agents to improve patient outcome in MM.

scholarly journals Growth-Inhibitory Effect of D-Tryptophan onVibriospp. in Shucked and Live Oysters

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Hiroko Kudo ◽  
Kaito Kan ◽  
Shuso Kawamura ◽  
Shige Koseki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Artificial Seawater ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Salinity Levels

ABSTRACTVibrio vulnificusandVibrio parahaemolyticusare important human pathogens that are frequently transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw oysters. A small amount ofd-tryptophan (d-Trp) inhibits some foodborne pathogenic bacteria in high-salt environments. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect ofd-Trp onV. vulnificusandV. parahaemolyticusin culture media, artificial seawater, and shucked and live oysters. The effectiveness ofd-Trp in growth inhibition ofVibriospp. was highly dependent on environmental NaCl concentrations. Higher levels of NaCl (>4.0%) withd-Trp (>20 mM) resulted in higher and more consistent growth inhibition of bothVibriospp. Treatment with 40 mMd-Trp significantly (P< 0.05) reduced viableV. parahaemolyticuscell counts in tryptic soy broth (TSB) with >4.0% NaCl at 25°C. In contrast,V. vulnificuswas more sensitive tod-Trp (20 mM) thanV. parahaemolyticus.d-Trp (40 mM) treatment with NaCl (>4.5%) significantly (P< 0.05) inhibited the growth ofV. parahaemolyticusandV. vulnificusin shucked oysters immersed in peptone water at 25°C throughout a 48-h incubation period. In artificial seawater,d-Trp exhibited a stronger growth-inhibitory effect onV. vulnificusandV. parahaemolyticusat 25°C than in TSB at the same level of salinity and inhibited the growth of bothV. parahaemolyticusandV. vulnificusin live oysters at 25°C for 48 h. Furthermore, we tested the synergistic effect ofd-Trp and salinity on the inhibition of total viable bacterial counts (TVC) at refrigeration temperature.d-Trp (40 mM) inhibited the growth of TVC in shucked oysters immersed in artificial seawater at 4°C. Therefore, these results revealed thatd-Trp will serve as a novel and alternative food preservative to controlVibriospp. in live oysters at ambient temperature and to extend the shelf-life of shucked oysters at refrigeration temperature.IMPORTANCEOysters are the primary transmission vehicles for humanVibrioinfections. Raw oyster consumption is frequently associated with gastroenteritis. The current postharvest methods, such as high-pressure processing, used to controlVibriospp. in fresh oysters are still insufficient because of limited facilities, high cost, and potential adverse effects on production. We demonstrate that adding a small amount ofd-tryptophan (d-Trp) inhibits the growths ofVibrio parahaemolyticusandVibrio vulnificusin a high-salt environment at even ambient temperature. We further investigated thed-Trp treatment conditions and clarified the relationship between salt andd-Trp concentrations for optimal growth-inhibitory effect ofVibriospp. The results will be useful for enhancing the effectiveness ofd-Trp by increasing salinity levels. Furthermore, in a nutrientfree environment (artificial seawater), a stronger inhibitory effect could be observed at relatively lower salinity levels, indicating thatd-Trp may be regarded as effective food preservation in terms of salinity reduction. Therefore, we suggest the use of exogenousd-Trp in a seawater environment as a novel and effective strategy not only for controllingVibrioin live oysters at even ambient temperature but also for effectively retarding spoilage bacterial growth and extending the shelf life of shucked oysters at refrigeration temperature.

scholarly journals SYNERGISTIC GROWTH INHIBITORY EFFECT OF FLAVONOL–KAEMPFEROL AND CONVENTIONAL CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS ON CANCER CELLS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chepuri Kalyani ◽  
Mangamoori Lakshmi Narasu ◽  
Yumnum Priyadarshini Devi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of the present study was to evaluate synergistic growth inhibitory effect of a flavonol, kaempferol in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin or cisplatin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The anti-proliferative activities of kaempferol, doxorubicin and cisplatin on human colorectal cancer cells (HCT-15) and human breast cancer (MDA MB 231) were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimehylthiaol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetraolium bromide (MTT) assay. Further, combinational studies were performed in both the cell lines to evaluate the interaction of drugs with kaempferol. The combination index (CI) method was used to assess the synergism of kaempferol with doxorubicin or cisplatin. Finally, morphological alterations associated with apoptosis were examined under fluorescent microscope.</p><h1>Results: All compounds showed dose-dependent growth inhibition in both HCT-15 and MDA MB 231 cells. The phytochemical kaempferol showed fifty percent inhibitory concentrations (IC<sub>50</sub>) at 120±3.2 µg/ml and 64±1.2 µg/ml on HCT-15 and MDA MB 231 respectively. IC<sub>50 </sub>concentrations of doxorubicin and cisplatin on both the cell lines were achieved at 49.6±0.5 µg/ml, 25.4±2.9 µg/ml and 44±1.8 µg/ml, 40.6±0.8 µg/ml respectively. Further, <em>in vitro </em>therapeutic effect (IC<sub>50</sub>) of doxorubicin and cisplatin in terms of cell growth inhibition on HCT-15 cells were achieved at their one-fifth (10±0.83 µg/ml) and half (10±1.34 µg/ml) concentrations respectively when they were combined with 30 µg/ml of kaempferol individually. Simultaneously, on MDA-MB 231 cell line, the IC<sub>50</sub> concentrations were reduced to 18±1.22 µg/ml and 15±1.87 µg/ml respectively in combination with 32 µg/ml of kaempferol. The combinational index studies revealed the synergistic association of kaempferol with doxorubicin and cisplatin individually in each cell line. The fluorescence imaging studies strongly supported the synergistic association between kaempferol and doxorubicin or cisplatin by confirming significant apoptotic cell death in both the cell lines which was ~3 fold higher than each agent alone.</h1><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals<strong> </strong>the prominent synergism between the phytochemical, kaempferol and chemotherapeutic drugs doxorubicin or cisplatin which helps in elevating the therapeutic efficacy of drugs.</p>

Thiosemicarbazone-Pt(II) Complex Causes a Growth Inhibitory Effect on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa Garcia-Ruiz ◽  
Ana Matesanz Garcia ◽  
Ana Souza ◽  
Pilar Castelo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibitory

Reduction of linoleic acid inhibition in production of conjugated linoleic acid byPropionibacterium freudenreichiissp.shermanii

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Rainio ◽  
M Vahvaselkä ◽  
T Suomalainen ◽  
S Laakso
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Propionibacterium Freudenreichii ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Whey Permeate ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
De Man ◽  
Sufficient Concentration

A method for the production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from linoleic acid (LA) using growing cultures of Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS was developed. The growth inhibitory effect of LA was eliminated by dispersing it in a sufficient concentration of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate detergent. For the whey permeate medium used, the optimum LA:detergent ratio was 1:15 (w/w). As a result, the cultures tolerated at least 1000 µg·mL–1LA, which was converted to CLA with 57%–87% efficiency. The cis-9, trans-11 and trans-9, cis-11 isomers constituted 85%–90% of the CLA produced. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated also in de Man – Rogosa–Sharpe (MRS) broth.Key words: conjugated linoleic acid, linoleic acid, Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii.

Type II oestrogen binding sites in acute lymphoid and myeloid leukaemias: growth inhibitory effect of oestrogen and flavonoids

1990 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Larocca ◽  
M. Piantelli ◽  
G. Leone ◽  
S. Sica ◽  
L. Teofili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Growth Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Inhibitory
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