scholarly journals Bacterial Killing by Dry Metallic Copper Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 794-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Espírito Santo ◽  
Ee Wen Lam ◽  
Christian G. Elowsky ◽  
Davide Quaranta ◽  
Dylan W. Domaille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Copper Uptake ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Copper Surfaces

ABSTRACTMetallic copper surfaces rapidly and efficiently kill bacteria. Cells exposed to copper surfaces accumulated large amounts of copper ions, and this copper uptake was faster from dry copper than from moist copper. Cells suffered extensive membrane damage within minutes of exposure to dry copper. Further, cells removed from copper showed loss of cell integrity. Acute contact with metallic copper surfaces did not result in increased mutation rates or DNA lesions. These findings are important first steps for revealing the molecular sensitive targets in cells lethally challenged by exposure to copper surfaces and provide a scientific explanation for the use of copper surfaces as antimicrobial agents for supporting public hygiene.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Contact-Mediated Killing of Yeast Cells on Dry Metallic Copper Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 416-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Quaranta ◽  
Travis Krans ◽  
Christophe Espírito Santo ◽  
Christian G. Elowsky ◽  
Dylan W. Domaille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Copper Surfaces ◽  
Mutant Cells

ABSTRACTSurfaces made of copper or its alloys have strong antimicrobial properties against a wide variety of microorganisms. However, the molecular mode of action responsible for the antimicrobial efficacy of metallic copper is not known. Here, we show that dry copper surfaces inactivateCandida albicansandSaccharomyces cerevisiaewithin minutes in a process called contact-mediated killing. Cellular copper ion homeostasis systems influenced the kinetics of contact-mediated killing in both organisms. Deregulated copper ion uptake through a hyperactiveS. cerevisiaeCtr1p (ScCtr1p) copper uptake transporter inSaccharomycesresulted in faster inactivation of mutant cells than of wild-type cells. Similarly, lack of theC. albicansCrp1p (CaCrp1p) copper-efflux P-type ATPase or the metallothionein CaCup1p caused more-rapid killing ofCandidamutant cells than of wild-type cells.CandidaandSaccharomycestook up large quantities of copper ions as soon as they were in contact with copper surfaces, as indicated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) analysis and by the intracellular copper ion-reporting dye coppersensor-1. Exposure to metallic copper did not cause lethality through genotoxicity, deleterious action on a cell's genetic material, as indicated by a mutation assay withSaccharomyces. Instead, toxicity mediated by metallic copper surfaces targeted membranes in both yeast species. With the use of Live/Dead staining, onset of rapid and extensive cytoplasmic membrane damage was observed in cells from copper surfaces. Fluorescence microscopy using the indicator dye DiSBaC2(3) indicated that cell membranes were depolarized. Also, during contact-mediated killing, vacuoles first became enlarged and then disappeared from the cells. Lastly, in metallic copper-stressed yeasts, oxidative stress in the cytoplasm and in mitochondria was elevated.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial metallic copper surfaces kill Staphylococcus haemolyticus via membrane damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Espírito Santo ◽  
Davide Quaranta ◽  
Gregor Grass
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Copper Surfaces ◽  
Staphylococcus Haemolyticus

Binding of Metal Ions by Extracellular Polymers of Biofilm Bacteria

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Geesey ◽  
L. Jang ◽  
J. G. Jolley ◽  
M. R. Hankins ◽  
T. Iwaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Metallic Surfaces ◽  
Copper Surfaces ◽  
Acidic Polysaccharide ◽  
Cupric Ion ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Formation Of Complexes

Exopolymers which anchor sessile bacteria to metallic surfaces exhibit the capacity to bind copper ions with high affinity. Ionized carboxyl groups on the polymers appear to participate in cupric ion binding. Formation of complexes between the polymers and cupric ions results in the release of protons from the polymer molecule. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that polymers composed of acidic polysaccharides promote ionization and deterioration of metallic copper surfaces. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed that the ionic state of the surface-derived copper varied depending on the type of acidic polysaccharide that was in contact with the surface. The results suggest that exopolymers elaborated by adherent bacteria can enhance corrosion of the surfaces with which they are associated.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria Resistant to Metallic Copper Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 1341-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Esp�rito Santo ◽  
Paula Vasconcelos Morais ◽  
Gregor Grass
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Copper Surfaces ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Detoxification Systems

ABSTRACT Metallic copper alloys have recently attracted attention as a new antimicrobial weapon for areas where surface hygiene is paramount. Currently it is not understood on a molecular level how metallic copper kills microbes, but previous studies have demonstrated that a wide variety of bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium difficile, are inactivated within minutes or a few hours of exposure. In this study, we show that bacteria isolated from copper alloy coins comprise strains that are especially resistant against the toxic properties exerted by dry metallic copper surfaces. The most resistant of 294 isolates were Gram-positive staphylococci and micrococci, Kocuria palustris, and Brachybacterium conglomeratum but also included the proteobacterial species Sphingomonas panni and Pseudomonas oleovorans. Cells of some of these bacterial strains survived on copper surfaces for 48 h or more. Remarkably, when these dry-surface-resistant strains were exposed to moist copper surfaces, resistance levels were close to those of control strains and MICs for copper ions were at or below control strain levels. This suggests that mechanisms conferring resistance against dry metallic copper surfaces in these newly isolated bacterial strains are different from well-characterized copper ion detoxification systems. Furthermore, staphylococci on coins did not exhibit increased levels of resistance to antibiotics, arguing against coselection with copper surface resistance traits.

scholarly journals Characterization of Escherichia coli DNA Lesions Generated within J774 Macrophages

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (18) ◽  
pp. 5225-5230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Schlosser-Silverman ◽  
Maya Elgrably-Weiss ◽  
Ilan Rosenshine ◽  
Ron Kohen ◽  
Shoshy Altuvia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dna Strand

ABSTRACT Macrophages are armed with multiple oxygen-dependent and -independent bactericidal properties. However, the respiratory burst, generating reactive oxygen species, is believed to be a major cause of bacterial killing. We exploited the susceptibility of Escherichia coli in macrophages to characterize the effects of the respiratory burst on intracellular bacteria. We show that E. coli strains recovered from J774 macrophages exhibit high rates of mutations. We report that the DNA damage generated inside macrophages includes DNA strand breaks and the modification 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, which are typical oxidative lesions. Interestingly, we found that under these conditions, early in the infection the majority of E. coli cells are viable but gene expression is inhibited. Our findings demonstrate that macrophages can cause severe DNA damage to intracellular bacteria. Our results also suggest that protection against the macrophage-induced DNA damage is an important component of the bacterial defense mechanism within macrophages.

Antimicrobial Peptide-Templated Silver Nanoclusters with Membrane Activity for Enhanced Bacterial Killing

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1425-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingshu Fei ◽  
Xiaochuan Ma ◽  
Ge Fang ◽  
Yu Chong ◽  
Xin Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Silver Nanoclusters ◽  
Bacterial Membrane ◽  
Respiratory Chain Complexes ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Chain Complexes ◽  
Ros Accumulation

We aimed to develop antimicrobial agents that satisfy biosafety considerations while exhibiting efficient antimicrobial activity. Peptide-capped silver nanoclusters (peptide@AgNCs) were designed. In addition, the antimicrobial activity and mechanism of peptide@AgNCs were studied. The hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests on mammalian cells were used to confirm the biocompatibility of peptide@ AgNCs. KLA@AgNCs exhibited dramatic antimicrobial activity without inducing significant cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. The KLA@AgNCs destroyed the integrity of the bacterial membrane and induced ROS accumulation, causing oxidative damage to biomolecules. The malfunction of the respiratory chain complexes I and V completely suppresses the energy production, ultimately accelerating the death of the bacteria. Our findings may advance the development of Ag-based nanomaterials with enhanced bactericidal activity and improved biocompatibility.

Co-grafting of antiadhesive and antimicrobial agents onto UV-micropatterned copper surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 1120-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Peyre ◽  
Vincent Humblot ◽  
Christophe Méthivier ◽  
Jean-Marc Berjeaud ◽  
Claire-Marie Pradier
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Copper Surfaces

scholarly journals Interaction between Copper Oxide Nanoparticles and Amino Acids: Influence on the Antibacterial Activity

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Badetti ◽  
Loris Calgaro ◽  
Laura Falchi ◽  
Alessandro Bonetto ◽  
Cinzia Bettiol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Cuo Nps

The increasing concern about antibiotic-resistance has led to the search for alternative antimicrobial agents. In this effort, different metal oxide nanomaterials are currently under investigation, in order to assess their effectiveness, safety and mode of action. This study focused on CuO nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and was aimed at evaluating how the properties and the antimicrobial activity of these nanomaterials may be affected by the interaction with ligands present in biological and environmental media. Ligands can attach to the surface of particles and/or contribute to their dissolution through ligand-assisted ion release and the formation of complexes with copper ions. Eight natural amino acids (L-Arg, L-Asp, L-Glu, L-Cys, L-Val, L-Leu, L-Phe, L-Tyr) were chosen as model molecules to investigate these interactions and the toxicity of the obtained materials against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984. A different behavior from pristine CuO NPs was observed, depending on the aminoacidic side chain. These results were supported by physico-chemical and colloidal characterization carried out by means of Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and light scattering techniques (Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Electrophoretic Light Scattering (ELS) and Centrifugal Separation Analysis (CSA).

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