scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Detection of blaDHA-1 in Salmonella Species Isolates from Chicken Farms in South Korea

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (14) ◽  
pp. 4760-4764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Rayamajhi ◽  
Byeong Yeal Jung ◽  
Seung Bin Cha ◽  
Min Kyung Shin ◽  
Aeran Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Nationwide Surveillance ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

ABSTRACT Fifteen nonrepetitive ampicillin-resistant Salmonella spp. were identified among 91 Salmonella sp. isolates during nationwide surveillance of Salmonella in waste from 131 chicken farms during 2006 and 2007. Additional phenotyping and genetic characterization of these 15 isolates by using indicator cephalosporins demonstrated that resistance to ampicillin and reduced susceptibility to cefoxitin in three isolates was caused by TEM-1 and DHA-1 β-lactamases. Plasmid profiling and Southern blot analysis of these three DHA-1-positive Salmonella serovar Indiana isolates and previously reported unrelated clinical isolates of DHA-1-positive Salmonella serovar Montevideo, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli from humans and swine indicated the involvement of the large-size plasmid. Restriction enzyme digestion of the plasmids from the transconjugants showed variable restriction patterns except for the two S almonella serovar Indiana isolates identified in this study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the presence of the DHA-1 gene among Salmonella spp. of animal origin.

scholarly journals ESBL Producing Escherichia coli in Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants: An Invisible Threat to Public Health in Rohingya Camps, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sakib Hossain ◽  
Sobur Ali ◽  
Monir Hossain ◽  
Salman Zahir Uddin ◽  
M. Moniruzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Plasmid Profiling ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Introduction: Human faecal sludge contains diverse harmful microorganisms, making it hazardous to the environment and public health if it is discharged untreated. Faecal sludge is one of the major sources of E. coli that can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs).Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing E. coli in faecal sludge samples collected from faecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) in Rohingya camps, Bangladesh.Methods: ESBL producing E. coli were screened by cultural as well as molecular methods and further characterized for their major ESBL genes, plasmid profiles, pathotypes, antibiotic resistance patterns, conjugation ability, and genetic similarity.Results: Of 296 isolates, 180 were phenotypically positive for ESBL. All the isolates, except one, contained at least one ESBL gene that was tested (blaCTX−M−1, blaCTX−M−2, blaCTX−M−8, blaCTX−M−9, blaCTX−M−15, blaCTX−M−25, blaTEM, and blaSHV). From plasmid profiling, it was observed that plasmids of 1–211 MDa were found in 84% (151/180) of the isolates. Besides, 13% (24/180) of the isolates possessed diarrhoeagenic virulence genes. From the remaining isolates, around 51% (79/156) harbored at least one virulence gene that is associated with the extraintestinal pathogenicity of E. coli. Moreover, 4% (3/156) of the isolates were detected to be potential extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains. Additionally, all the diarrhoeagenic and ExPEC strains showed resistance to three or more antibiotic groups which indicate their multidrug-resistant potential. ERIC-PCR differentiated these pathogenic isolates into seven clusters. In addition to this, 16 out of 35 tested isolates transferred plasmids of 32–112 MDa to E. coli J53 recipient strain.Conclusion: The present study implies that the faecal sludge samples examined here could be a potential origin for spreading MDR pathogenic ESBL-producing E. coli. The exposure of Rohingya individuals, living in overcrowded camps, to these organisms poses a severe threat to their health.

scholarly journals The mosaic architecture of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida pAsa4 plasmid and its consequences on antibiotic resistance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H Tanaka ◽  
Antony T Vincent ◽  
Mélanie V Trudel ◽  
Valérie E Paquet ◽  
Michel Frenette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Aeromonas Salmonicida ◽  
Genomic Plasticity ◽  
Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, the causative agent of furunculosis in salmonids, is an issue especially because many isolates of this bacterium display antibiotic resistances, which limit treatments against the disease. Recent results suggested the possible existence of alternative forms of pAsa4, a large plasmid found in A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and bearing multiple antibiotic resistance genes. The present study reveals the existence of two newly detected pAsa4 variants, pAsa4b and pAsa4c. We present the extensive characterization of the genomic architecture, the mobile genetic elements and the antimicrobial resistances genes of these plasmids in addition to the reference pAsa4 from the strain A449. The analysis showed differences between the three architectures with consequences on the content of resistance genes. The genomic plasticity of the three pAsa4 variants could be partially explained by the action of mobile genetic elements like insertion sequences. Isolates from Canada and Europe that bore similar antibiotic resistance patterns than pAsa4-bearing strains were genotyped and specific pAsa4 variants could be attributed to phenotypic profiles. pAsa4 and pAsa4c were found in Europe, while pAsa4b was found in Canada. The plasticity of pAsa4 variants related to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance indicates that these plasmids may pose a threat in terms of the dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant A.salmonicida subsp. salmonicida bacteria.

Antibiogram of faecal Streptococci isolates for pollution source determination in the Ikpoba river, Benin City

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34
Author(s):  
C.O Sekegor
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Faecal Coliform ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Faecal Pollution ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Faecal Streptococci

Water samples from various sites of the Ikpoba River, Benin City, were bacteriologically analysed to determine bacterial indicators of faecal pollution and heterotrophic bacterial concentration. Sampling points 1 was the point of drainage discharge from the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, 2 was at the Bridge at Upper Mission Road, 3 was the point of effluent discharge from Oredo Local Government Area Abbatoir, 4 was at the Bridge along Benin-Agbor Road and 5 was the point of effluent discharge from Guinness Nigeria PLC. Faecal coliform count was generally high in all sample sites with the point of discharge of effluent from the Abbatoir showing the highest mean count of 1.51 × 107 cfu/ml; and the Bridge at Upper Mission Road had the lowest mean count of 1.20 × 107 cfu/ml. Faecal streptococci count was highest at the point of discharge of effluent from Guinness Nigeria PLC at 8.21 × 107 cfu/ml. while the Bridge at Upper Mission Road had the lowest faecal streptococcus count of 5.83 × 106 cfu/ml. Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of faecal streptococci isolates on day 1 were observed to be more susceptible to the battery of antibiotics than faecal streptococci isolates on days 2 and 3. The results of the ratio of faecal coliform to faecal streptococci and the antibiotic resistance pattern on faecal streptococci showed that faecal pollution of the Ikpoba River has both human and animal origin. There are undoubted risks to human health from surface water polluted with animal faeces, nevertheless, it is human faeces that represent a much greater risk and thus constant investigations should be carried out by environment monitoring agencies to evaluate the pollution status of the river and residents around the river should administer filtration techniques before domestic use. Keywords: faecal pollution, faecal streptococci, antibiotic resistance patterns

Genetic characterization of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci of human and animal origin from mixed pig and poultry farms

Apmis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
LARS BOGO JENSEN ◽  
ROB J. L. WILLEMS ◽  
A. E. VAN DEN BOGAARD
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Poultry Farms

Prevalence, antibiotic resistance patterns and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli from Austrian sandpits

2014 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 24-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Badura ◽  
Josefa Luxner ◽  
Gebhard Feierl ◽  
Franz F. Reinthaler ◽  
Gernot Zarfel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Bacteriological and Molecular Characterization of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli Pathotypes From Children in Duhok City, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Haveen K. Hasan ◽  
Najim A. Yassin ◽  
Souzan H. Eassa
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Background: A variety of diarrheagenic E coli (DEC) are responsible for causing different types of diarrhea in children especially in developing courtiers. Objectives: This study was primarily aimed to isolate and bacteriological characterizing of E coli from diarrheic infant stool and to investigate their antibiotic resistance patterns and then using molecular identification of DEC pathotypes for better discrimination. Methods: Total of 400 fresh stools specimens were collected from children with diarrhea in Heevi Hospital in Duhok city, Iraq. The samples were cultured on selective media such as (MacConkey and MacConkey sorbitol agar). Colonies were identified through biochemical reaction and VITEK 2 system and then antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined. Results: A total of 349(87.2%) samples were yielded positive for growth of E coli. Out of these, 50 phenotypically-identified E coli were then subjected to PCR assay targeting certain virulence factors (alt, eae, sxt1 and sxt2) for discrimination of pathotyes. 13/50(26%) Enterotoxigenix E. coli (ETEC) was detected, 5/50(10%) Enterohemorrhagic E coli EHEC was detected, while no Enteropathogenic E coli (EPEC) was detected. All pathotypes were more frequent in samples from male children aged between 2-3 years that were artificial feeding pattern. Moreover, all pathotypes expressed high resistant to ampicillin, cephalosporin and tetracycline while little resistance to imipenem was observed. Conclusion: The study concludes presence of diarrheagenic E coli pathotypes in our community causing diarrhea in children and emphasize on using of PCR assay for best discrimination. 

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