scholarly journals Distribution of Antibody against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in Cattle

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuo Sawada ◽  
Raafat Hassanein ◽  
Tohru Yamamoto ◽  
Takaharu Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae ◽  
The South ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT Serum samples collected from 854 cattle in nine prefectures of Japan, from Hokkaido to Okinawa, between 1988 and 1992 were examined for presence of antibodies against Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae by growth agglutination test. Most of the sera showed positive reactions, and the antibody titers ranged from below 4 to above 128. Seventy-six percent of the sera showed titers of 32 or above, and 34% showed titers of 128 or above. The titers had a tendency to be higher in the south and lower in the north and were clearly low in sera from areas with no swine industry. These results indicated that Japanese cattle had been infected with E. rhusiopathiae and that clinical cases of the disease were possible.

scholarly journals Geographic distribution of HBsAg subtypes in Brazil

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar ◽  
Clara Fumiko Tachibana Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Predominant Subtype ◽  
Positive Serum ◽  
The Difference

HBsAg positive serum samples (896) from five brazilian regions were analysed for HBsAg subtypes. The presence of five different subtypes (ayw2, ayw3, ayw4, adw2 and adw4) was detected. In Northern region subtypes adw4 (41.2%) and adw2 (37.2%) were predominant. In the North East only subtype adw2 was encountered. In Central West, South-East and South, subtypes ayw2, ayw3, adw2 and adw4 were present, with predominance of adw2 in Central West and South East (84.3% and 69.4% respectively) whereas in the South the predominant subtype was ayw3 (41.9%) followed by ayw2 (36.4%). Subtypes ayw1, ayr and adr were not found among the samples studied. These results show the difference in the incidence of HBsAg subtypes in the different regions of Brazil and their significance in relation to the colonization and migrations in this country.

scholarly journals Survey of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in wild mammals captured from Atlantic Forest fragments in Bahia, northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro de Alcântara Brito Junior ◽  
Josiane Moreira Rocha ◽  
Caroline Araújo da Silva ◽  
Priscylla Marcelly Vilanova Oliveira ◽  
Joelande Esquivel Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Effect ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Marsupial Species

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii present in wild mammals that were trap captured in forest fragments in the State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. A total of 368 individuals (246 rodents, 104 marsupials and 18 bats) were captured using live catch traps. Serum samples were tested using the modified agglutination test, with a cut-off point at 1:25 dilution. The total occurrence of antibodies to T. gondii was 10.6% (39/368), being 16.3% (17/104) in marsupials, 8.5% (21/246) in rodents, and 5.5% (1/18) in bats. Antibody titers varied between 25 and 50 for rodents, between 25 and 400 for marsupials, and were 25 for bats. This is the first report on antibodies to T. gondii in certain rodent species (Thaptomys nigrita, Hylaeamys laticeps, and Cerradomys subflavus), marsupial species (Monodelphis americana, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Gracilinanus agilis and Marmosops incanus), and bats of the genus Rhynchonycteris. The presence of antibodies to T. gondii in wild mammals demonstrates the possibility of these animals as sentinels of toxoplasmosis, especially on regions under high anthropogenic effect.

scholarly journals Heartwater (Cowdria ruminantiumInfection) as a Cause of Postrestocking Mortality of Goats in Mozambique

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis P. J. Bekker ◽  
Daan Vink ◽  
Carlos M. Lopes Pereira ◽  
Wendela Wapenaar ◽  
Afonso Langa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Northern Province ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
The South ◽  
Fatal Disease ◽  
The North ◽  
Cowdria Ruminantium ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Clinical Cases

ABSTRACT A serological survey in Mozambique to detect antibodies toCowdria ruminantium, the etiologic agent of heartwater, revealed a seroprevalence of 8.1% (n = 332) for goats in the northern province of Tete and of 65.6% (n = 326) for goats in the southern provinces. Translocation of 10 serologically negative goats from Tete to farms in the south resulted in two clinical cases of heartwater that were fatal. In addition, four goats seroconverted within the study period of 5 weeks. One goat showed no symptoms. Two goats died of other causes, whereas the remaining goat went missing after 1 week. Experimental needle infections of goats and sheep were conducted to confirm results and to isolate different strains of C. ruminantium. These data indicate that translocation of goats from the north to the south of Mozambique bears a high risk of C. ruminantiuminfection, which can cause fatal disease.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF TOXOPLASMOSIS IN CATS AND SHEEP

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Osama J. Kallo
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Recurrent Abortion ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Latex Test

Thirty-three fecal samples from cats were examined for the presence of Toxoplasma oocysts, and another 33 serum samples from these cats were subjected for Latex agglutination test & indirect immunofluorecent antibody test. Also 80 serum samples from ewes were subjected to the same serological tests. The study indicated that the prevalence of Toxoplasma oocysts in cats was 27.3%. Higher rates of antibody titer (68%) were observed in cats tested with latex test. Infection in young cats was higher than in adults. Sixty percentage of ewes were sero-positive with Latex test, but only 35% were sero-positive with IFAT, higher prevalence of antibody titers was observed in sheep from the three locations of Iraq. Ewes that had recurrent abortion showed higher prevalence in both tests than non aborted ewes.

scholarly journals STUDY ON DIROFILARIOSIS IN MILITARY DOGS WITHIN THE ARMY OF SERBIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Dušan Pajković ◽  
Sara Savić ◽  
Predrag Veljković ◽  
Živoslav Grgić
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Dirofilaria Repens ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The North ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
Clinical Cases

Dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease, caused with Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. Dirofilariasis can appear as a heart form and as a cutaneus form. For the spreading of dirofilariasis, the presence of mosquitoes is nessessary, because they serve as vectors Also a part of dirofilaria life cycle is developed with in the vector. Dirofilariasis can be found in dogs and cats and sometimes in humans. Even though dirofilariasis was primeraly known as a disease found in mediteranian countries, through the years it has spread out to the north and west of Europe, so now clinical cases of dirofilariasis can be found in middle Europe, including Srbija. First data on dirofilariasis in Serbia were published in 1999. and since that time there is a follow up on dirofilariasis in several regions of Serbia. During a six year period (2004. to 2010.) a study on dirofilariasis in millitary dogs within the army of Serbia was done. A few cases of adult dirofilaria were found in dogs hearts at autopsy. The  study was done on 71 serum samples, from dogs of diferent age, during the study period and a total seroprevelance of 14% was found.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

US and Russian policies and strategies in the Middle East: Iraq and Syria as a model

2019 ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Esraa Aladdin Noori ◽  
Nasser Zain AlAbidine Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Western World ◽  
International Conflicts ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
Middle East Region

The Russian-American relations have undergone many stages of conflict and competition over cooperation that have left their mark on the international balance of power in the Middle East. The Iraqi and Syrian crises are a detailed development in the Middle East region. The Middle East region has allowed some regional and international conflicts to intensify, with the expansion of the geopolitical circle, which, if applied strategically to the Middle East region, covers the area between Afghanistan and East Asia, From the north to the Maghreb to the west and to the Sudan and the Greater Sahara to the south, its strategic importance will seem clear. It is the main lifeline of the Western world.

Depositional Environment Drive as Overpressure Generation: Study Case in “Gap” Field, North West Java Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A., C. Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Burial History ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Processes

Overpressure existence represents a geological hazard; therefore, an accurate pore pressure prediction is critical for well planning and drilling procedures, etc. Overpressure is a geological phenomenon usually generated by two mechanisms, loading (disequilibrium compaction) and unloading mechanisms (diagenesis and hydrocarbon generation) and they are all geological processes. This research was conducted based on analytical and descriptive methods integrated with well data including wireline log, laboratory test and well test data. This research was conducted based on quantitative estimate of pore pressures using the Eaton Method. The stages are determining shale intervals with GR logs, calculating vertical stress/overburden stress values, determining normal compaction trends, making cross plots of sonic logs against density logs, calculating geothermal gradients, analyzing hydrocarbon maturity, and calculating sedimentation rates with burial history. The research conducted an analysis method on the distribution of clay mineral composition to determine depositional environment and its relationship to overpressure. The wells include GAP-01, GAP-02, GAP-03, and GAP-04 which has an overpressure zone range at depth 8501-10988 ft. The pressure value within the 4 wells has a range between 4358-7451 Psi. Overpressure mechanism in the GAP field is caused by non-loading mechanism (clay mineral diagenesis and hydrocarbon maturation). Overpressure distribution is controlled by its stratigraphy. Therefore, it is possible overpressure is spread quite broadly, especially in the low morphology of the “GAP” Field. This relates to the delta depositional environment with thick shale. Based on clay minerals distribution, the northern part (GAP 02 & 03) has more clay mineral content compared to the south and this can be interpreted increasingly towards sea (low energy regime) and facies turned into pro-delta. Overpressure might be found shallower in the north than the south due to higher clay mineral content present to the north.

Observed seasonal regimes of North-South Atlantic Ocean interbasin exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed D. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
Volume Flux ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Interbasin Exchange ◽  
North And South

North and South Atlantic lateral volume exchange is a key component of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) embedded in Earth’s climate. Northward AMOC heat transport within this exchange mitigates the large heat loss to the atmosphere in the northern North Atlantic. Because of inadequate climate data, observational basin-scale studies of net interbasin exchange between the North and South Atlantic have been limited. Here ten independent climate datasets, five satellite-derived and five analyses, are synthesized to show that North and South Atlantic climatological net lateral volume exchange is partitioned into two seasonal regimes. From late-May to late-November, net lateral volume flux is from the North to the South Atlantic; whereas from late-November to late-May, net lateral volume flux is from the South to the North Atlantic. This climatological characterization offers a framework for assessing seasonal variations in these basins and provides a constraint for climate models that simulate AMOC dynamics.

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