scholarly journals Analogs of Eap Protein Are Conserved and Prevalent in Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Isolates

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzaffar Hussain ◽  
Karsten Becker ◽  
Christof von Eiff ◽  
Georg Peters ◽  
Mathias Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Translation Termination ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules ◽  
Size Variability ◽  
Early Translation ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACT Map and Eap are secreted Staphylococcus aureus proteins that interact with various extracellular matrix molecules. PCR analysis using map primers yielded positive reactions in 97.9% of S. aureus isolates but not in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates. Cloning and sequencing of the conferring genes revealed a high degree of overall homology combined with size variability of the gene product due to various repeat numbers and early translation termination in a poly(A) region. Thus, Map and Eap may provide a potential novel tool forS. aureus identification and typing.

scholarly journals Lysostaphin Disrupts Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms on Artificial Surfaces

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 3407-3414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Wu ◽  
Caroline Kusuma ◽  
James J. Mond ◽  
John F. Kokai-Kun
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cross Bridges ◽  
Glass Surfaces ◽  
Sessile Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Staphylococci often form biofilms, sessile communities of microcolonies encased in an extracellular matrix that adhere to biomedical implants or damaged tissue. Infections associated with biofilms are difficult to treat, and it is estimated that sessile bacteria in biofilms are 1,000 to 1,500 times more resistant to antibiotics than their planktonic counterparts. This antibiotic resistance of biofilms often leads to the failure of conventional antibiotic therapy and necessitates the removal of infected devices. Lysostaphin is a glycylglycine endopeptidase which specifically cleaves the pentaglycine cross bridges found in the staphylococcal peptidoglycan. Lysostaphin kills Staphylococcus aureus within minutes (MIC at which 90% of the strains are inhibited [MIC90], 0.001 to 0.064 μg/ml) and is also effective against Staphylococcus epidermidis at higher concentrations (MIC90, 12.5 to 64 μg/ml). The activity of lysostaphin against staphylococci present in biofilms compared to those of other antibiotics was, however, never explored. Surprisingly, lysostaphin not only killed S. aureus in biofilms but also disrupted the extracellular matrix of S. aureus biofilms in vitro on plastic and glass surfaces at concentrations as low as 1 μg/ml. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed that lysostaphin eradicated both the sessile cells and the extracellular matrix of the biofilm. This disruption of S. aureus biofilms was specific for lysostaphin-sensitive S. aureus, as biofilms of lysostaphin-resistant S. aureus were not affected. High concentrations of oxacillin (400 μg/ml), vancomycin (800 μg/ml), and clindamycin (800 μg/ml) had no effect on the established S. aureus biofilms in this system, even after 24 h. Higher concentrations of lysostaphin also disrupted S. epidermidis biofilms.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Beta-lactams Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Mastitis and its Zoonotic Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
Ammara Khan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
High Degree

Rise of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus is a higher risk and great concern to global health. Zoonotic transfer of such strains is well documented. Present study evaluated the presence of resistant S. aureus from mastitic Nilli Ravi buffaloes and nasal carriage of milkers. Phenotypic profile of S. aureus isolates was conducted against penicillin, ampicillin, and cefoxitin. PCR analysis revealed presence of blaZ gene and mecA gene from S. aureus isolated from milk and milkers samples. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis depicts the divergence of mecA gene originated from bovine and human but for the blaZ gene, no divergence was detected. The high degree of genetic relatedness among blaZ and mecA genes in bovine and human S. aureus isolates from same farm suggests the potential transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes between buffaloes and milkers, highlighting the importance of one-health approach to promote global health

scholarly journals Measurement of Adhesive Forces between Individual Staphylococcus aureus MSCRAMMs and Protein-Coated Surfaces by Use of Optical Tweezers

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. 2031-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Simpson ◽  
Gabriela Bowden ◽  
Magnus Höök ◽  
Bahman Anvari
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Integer Multiple ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules ◽  
Binding Forces ◽  
Coated Surfaces ◽  
Adhesive Forces

ABSTRACT The force required to rupture bonds between individual Staphylococcus aureus MSCRAMMs and surfaces coated with extracellular matrix molecules has been quantified by using optical tweezers. The observed binding forces between fibrinogen or fibronectin and S. aureus MSCRAMMs occurred as an approximate integer multiple of 20 or 25 pN, respectively.

Untersuchungen zur aeroben bakteriellen Besiedlung der Vaginalschleimhaut klinisch gesunder Kätzinnen

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 88-91
Author(s):  
Susanne Kloß ◽  
A. Wehrend ◽  
Astrid König ◽  
H. Bostedt
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klinische Relevanz ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

Zusammenfassung: Gegenstand und Ziel: Im Gegensatz zur Hündin liegen bei der Katze bisher wenige Studien über die genitale Keimflora geschlechtsgesunder Tiere vor. Ziel der Untersuchung war daher, physiologische Daten über die aerobe Vaginalflora bei dieser Spezies zu gewinnen. Material und Methoden: Für die vorliegende Studie standen 26 gesunde, anöstrische Katzen zur Verfügung, die zu einer Ovariohysterektomie vorgestellt wurden. Nach einer klinischen Untersuchung wurden von allen Probanden unter sterilen Bedingungen Vaginaltupfer entnommen. Ergebnisse: In allen Proben konnte ein Bakterienwachstum mit durchschnittlich zwei verschiedenen Bakterienspezies nachgewiesen werden. Die Gesamtkeimgehalte wurden bei 50% der Vaginaltupferproben als gering-, bei 15% als mittel- und bei 35% als hochgradig beurteilt. Vorherrschend waren Mischkulturen aus zwei bis vier verschiedenen Keimarten. Monokulturen wurden aus 38% der Tupferproben isoliert. Am häufigsten gelang der Nachweis von E. coli variatio haemolytica (E. coli var. haem.) (58%) und Staphylococcus epidermidis (42%). Als weitere Spezies wurden E. coli, α-, β-hämolysierende Streptokokken, anhämolysierende Streptokokken, aerobe Bazillen, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus intermedius, Pasteurella multocida sowie Klebsiellen isoliert. Auffällig ist die hohe Nachweisrate von E. coli var. haem. mit 35% in Mischkulturen und 23% in Reinkultur. Schlussfolgerungen: Die physiologische Mikroflora der felinen Vaginalschleimhaut differiert deutlich von der der anöstrischen Hündin. Besonders die Dominanz von E. coli var. haem. in 38% der Mischkulturen und 23% der Monokulturen bei der Katze ist hervorzuheben. Klinische Relevanz: Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse geben eine erste Grundlage für die Interpretation mikrobiologischer Befunde feliner Vaginaltupfer.

scholarly journals The bactericidal effect of vancomycin is not altered by tranexamic acid, adrenalin, dexamethasone, or lidocaine in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schwerdt ◽  
Eric Röhner ◽  
Sabrina Böhle ◽  
Benjamin Jacob ◽  
Georg Matziolis
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test

AbstractOne of the most challenging complications of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). There is growing evidence of a good anti-infective effect of intrawound vancomycin powder in total joint arthroplasty. At the same time, various different locally applied substances have become popular in total joint arthroplasty. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate a possible inhibition of the bactericidal effect of vancomycin by tranexamic acid, adrenalin, lidocaine, or dexamethasone. The bactericidal effect of vancomycin was quantified using the established method of the agar diffusion test. The plates were incubated with Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis and four wells were stamped out. The wells were filled with vancomycin alone, the tested substance alone or a mixture of the two. The fourth well remained empty as a control. The plates were incubated overnight at 37 °C and the zone of inhibition in each field was measured on the next day. All tests were run three times for each pathogen and mean values and standard deviations of the measurements were calculated. Differences between the substances were tested using the t-test at a level of significance of 0.05. The bacterial growth was homogeneous on all plates. The baseline value for the zone of inhibition of vancomycin was on average 6.2 ± 0.4 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 12 ± 0.3 mm for Staphylococcus epidermidis. In all other substances, no inhibition was detected around the well. The combination of vancomycin and each other substance did not show any different result compared to vancomycin alone. The bactericidal effect of vancomycin on staphylococci is not altered by tranexamic acid, adrenalin, dexamethasone, or lidocaine in vitro.

scholarly journals Evolving Up‐regulation of Biliary Fibrosis–Related Extracellular Matrix Molecules After Successful Portoenterostomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kyrönlahti ◽  
Nimish Godbole ◽  
Oyediran Akinrinade ◽  
Tea Soini ◽  
Iiris Nyholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Molecules
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