scholarly journals Kinetics of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Neutralizing and Virus-Specific Antibodies after Primary Infection with EBV

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Bu ◽  
Gregory M. Hayes ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Lorraine Gemmell ◽  
David O. Schmeling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACTProspective studies of antibodies to multiple Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins and EBV neutralizing antibodies in the same individuals before, during, and after primary EBV infection have not been reported. We studied antibody responses to EBV in college students who acquired primary EBV infection during prospective surveillance and correlated the kinetics of antibody response with the severity of disease. Neutralizing antibodies and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibodies to gp350, the major target of neutralizing antibody, reached peak levels at medians of 179 and 333 days after the onset of symptoms of infectious mononucleosis, respectively. No clear correlation was found between the severity of the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis and the peak levels of antibody to individual viral proteins or to neutralizing antibody. In summary, we found that titers of neutralizing antibody and antibodies to multiple EBV proteins increase over many months after primary infection with EBV.

scholarly journals Impaired Epstein-Barr Virus-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Response during Acute Infectious Mononucleosis Is Coincident with Global B-Cell Dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 89 (17) ◽  
pp. 9137-9141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Panikkar ◽  
Corey Smith ◽  
Andrew Hislop ◽  
Nick Tellam ◽  
Vijayendra Dasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

Here we present evidence for previously unappreciated B-cell immune dysregulation during acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated infectious mononucleosis (IM). Longitudinal analyses revealed that patients with acute IM have undetectable EBV-specific neutralizing antibodies and gp350-specific B-cell responses, which were associated with a significant reduction in memory B cells and no evidence of circulating antibody-secreting cells. These observations correlate with dysregulation of tumor necrosis factor family members BAFF and APRIL and increased expression of FAS on circulating B cells.

Infectious mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika ◽  
Margaret Callan
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Latent Infection ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Primary Immune Response ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Glandular Fever ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a γ-herpesvirus that infects over 90% of the human population worldwide. It is usually transmitted between individuals in saliva, and establishes replicative infection within the oropharynx as well as life-long latent infection of B cells. Primary EBV infection generally occurs during early childhood and is asymptomatic. If delayed until adolescence or later, it can be associated with the clinical syndrome of infectious mononucleosis (also known as glandular fever or ‘mono%rsquo;), an illness characterised by fevers, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy and malaise. EBV infection is also associated with the development of EBV-associated lymphoid or epithelial cell malignancies in a small proportion of individuals. This review focuses on primary EBV infection in individuals suffering from infectious mononucleosis. It discusses the mechanism by which EBV establishes infection within its human host and the primary immune response that it elicits. It describes the spectrum of clinical disease that can accompany primary infection and summarises studies that are leading to the development of a vaccine designed to prevent infectious mononucleosis.

Epstein-Barr Virus Is Not Synonymous With Infectious Mononucleosis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 506-506
Author(s):  
Alex J. Steigman
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Clinical Responses ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a defined clinical syndrome, until recently regarded as of uncertain etiology affecting only a limited number of persons. The etiology of IM can now be ascribed correctly to primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpesvirus family. It is increasingly evident that primary infection with EBV may also induce a range of clinical responses from no detectable illness1 to a variety of disorders without the clinical or hematologic hallmarks of the IM syndrome.

Encephalitis in Infectious Mononucleosis: Diagnostic Considerations

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 877-880
Author(s):  
Beverly J. Lange ◽  
Peter H. Berman ◽  
Joseph Bender ◽  
Werner Henle ◽  
John F. Hewetson
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Diffuse Component ◽  
Early Antigen ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Etiologic Diagnosis

Four atypical cases of presumed infectious mononucleosis (IM) encephalitis are presented. To establish an etiologic diagnosis, Paul-Bunnell-Davidsohn heterophil titers (PBD), antibody titers to the antigens of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and oropharyngeal excretion of EBV were determined. Criteria for a primary EBV infection are (1) an antiviral capsid antigen titer of 1:160 or greater, (2) the presence of antibody to the diffuse component of the early antigen, (3) absence of antibody to the nuclear antigen, and (4) excretion of the virus from the oropharynx. Three of the four cases met these criteria; of the three, one did not have a positive heterophil titer. The fourth case turned out not to be IM; there was a positive PBD heterophil, but there was no evidence of primary EBV infection. Although the PBD heterophil is usually a reliable test to diagnosis IM, it is not always present in children, and it is sometimes nonspecifically elevated. Some EBV titers can be nonspecifically elevated as well; however, the above criteria are diagnostic of primary EBV infection.

scholarly journals High Epstein-Barr Virus Load and Genomic Diversity Are Associated with Generation of gp350-Specific Neutralizing Antibodies following Acute Infectious Mononucleosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Weiss ◽  
Galit Alter ◽  
Javier Gordon Ogembo ◽  
Jennifer L. Henderson ◽  
Barbara Tabak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Acute Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Major Target

ABSTRACT The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) gp350 glycoprotein interacts with the cellular receptor to mediate viral entry and is thought to be the major target for neutralizing antibodies. To better understand the role of EBV-specific antibodies in the control of viral replication and the evolution of sequence diversity, we measured EBV gp350-specific antibody responses and sequenced the gp350 gene in samples obtained from individuals experiencing primary EBV infection (acute infectious mononucleosis [AIM]) and again 6 months later (during convalescence [CONV]). EBV gp350-specific IgG was detected in the sera of 17 (71%) of 24 individuals at the time of AIM and all 24 (100%) individuals during CONV; binding antibody titers increased from AIM through CONV, reaching levels equivalent to those in age-matched, chronically infected individuals. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP) was rarely detected during AIM (4 of 24 individuals; 17%) but was commonly detected during CONV (19 of 24 individuals; 79%). The majority (83%) of samples taken during AIM neutralized infection of primary B cells; all samples obtained at 6 months postdiagnosis neutralized EBV infection of cultured and primary target cells. Deep sequencing revealed interpatient gp350 sequence variation but conservation of the CR2-binding site. The levels of gp350-specific neutralizing activity directly correlated with higher peripheral blood EBV DNA levels during AIM and a greater evolution of diversity in gp350 nucleotide sequences from AIM to CONV. In summary, we conclude that the viral load and EBV gp350 diversity during early infection are associated with the development of neutralizing antibody responses following AIM. IMPORTANCE Antibodies against viral surface proteins can blunt the spread of viral infection by coating viral particles, mediating uptake by immune cells, or blocking interaction with host cell receptors, making them a desirable component of a sterilizing vaccine. The EBV surface protein gp350 is a major target for antibodies. We report the detection of EBV gp350-specific antibodies capable of neutralizing EBV infection in vitro. The majority of gp350-directed vaccines focus on glycoproteins from lab-adapted strains, which may poorly reflect primary viral envelope diversity. We report some of the first primary gp350 sequences, noting that the gp350 host receptor binding site is remarkably stable across patients and time. However, changes in overall gene diversity were detectable during infection. Patients with higher peripheral blood viral loads in primary infection and greater changes in viral diversity generated more efficient antibodies. Our findings provide insight into the generation of functional antibodies, necessary for vaccine development.

scholarly journals A potent and protective human neutralizing antibody targeting a novel vulnerable site of Epstein-Barr virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Ying Zhu ◽  
Sisi Shan ◽  
Jinfang Yu ◽  
Si-Ying Peng ◽  
Cong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Infected Individual ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a range of epithelial and B cell malignancies as well as autoimmune disorders, for which there are still no specific treatments or effective vaccines. Here, we isolate EBV gH/gL-specific antibodies from an EBV-infected individual. One antibody, 1D8, efficiently neutralizes EBV infection of two major target cell types, B cells and epithelial cells. In humanized mice, 1D8 provides protection against a high-dose EBV challenge by substantially reducing viral loads and associated tumor burden. Crystal structure analysis reveals that 1D8 binds to a key vulnerable interface between the D-I/D-II domains of the viral gH/gL protein, especially the D-II of the gH, thereby interfering with the gH/gL-mediated membrane fusion and binding to target cells. Overall, we identify a potent and protective neutralizing antibody capable of reducing the EBV load. The novel vulnerable site represents an attractive target that is potentially important for antibody and vaccine intervention against EBV infection.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of an Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Immunoglobulin M Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on the 18-Kilodalton Matrix Protein for Diagnosis of Primary EBV Infection

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 3359-3361 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Chan ◽  
R. X. Luo ◽  
H. L. Chen ◽  
M. H. Ng ◽  
W. H. Seto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Epstein Barr

A new immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the recombinant Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) matrix protein was developed. Compared to indirect immunofluorescence for the detection of IgM antibody to the EBV capsid antigen on clinical specimens, the sensitivity and specificity of the new IgM ELISA were 96 and 96%, respectively.

Infectious Mononucleosis and Encephalitis: Recovery of EB Virus from Spinal Fluid

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-258
Author(s):  
Crystie C. Halsted ◽  
R. Shihman Chang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Direct Invasion ◽  
Neurologic Disorders ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the accepted cause of infectious mononucleosis (IM), has been associated with a variety of neurologic disorders including encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and Bell's Palsy.1,2 These neurologic syndromes may occur as the sole manifestation of EBV infection or together with the more typical clinical features of IM. It is unclear whether the central nervous manifestations of EBV result from direct invasion of the central nervous system by EBV or from a more indirect mechanism. This report describes the recovery of EBV from the spinal fluid of an 11-year-old boy with IM and encephalitis. CASE REPORT

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