scholarly journals High Levels of Susceptibility and T Helper 2 Response in MyD88-Deficient Mice Infected with Leishmania major Are Interleukin-4 Dependent

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 7215-7218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Debus ◽  
Joachim Gläsner ◽  
Martin Röllinghoff ◽  
André Gessner
Keyword(s):  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Myeloid Differentiation ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT Myeloid differentiation protein 88 (MyD88) is a general adaptor for the signaling cascade through receptors of the Toll/IL-1R family. When infected with Leishmania major parasites, MyD88-deficient mice displayed a dramatically enhanced parasite burden in their tissues similar to that found in susceptible BALB/c mice. In contrast, MyD88 knockout mice did not develop ulcerating lesions despite a lack of interleukin-12 (IL-12) production and a predominant T helper 2 cell response. Blockade of IL-4 produced early (day 1) after infection restored a protective T helper 1 response in MyD88 knockout mice.

scholarly journals Role of beta1 and beta2 subunits of the interleukin-12 receptor in determining T helper 1/T helper 2 responses in vivo in the rat

Immunology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Gillespie ◽  
C.-C. Szeto ◽  
V. M. Betin ◽  
P. W. Mathieson
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
T Helper 2

scholarly journals Effective and Long-Lasting Immunity against the Parasite Leishmania major in CD8-Deficient Mice

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3968-3970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Huber ◽  
Emma Timms ◽  
Tak W. Mak ◽  
Martin Röllinghoff ◽  
Michael Lohoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Primary Infection ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

ABSTRACT The results of earlier investigations that tested whether CD8+ T cells are required in the defense againstLeishmania major have been inconsistent. We used CD8-deficient mice to directly address this issue. After primary infection with L. major, CD8-deficient mice controlled the infection for over 1 year and mounted strong T helper 1 cell responses. Thus, CD8+ T cells are not required for the long-term control of a primary infection with L. major.

Divergent Effects of Interleukin-4 and Interferon-γ on Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Production: An Amplification Circuit of Polarized T Helper 2 Responses

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 2668-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Bonecchi ◽  
Silvano Sozzani ◽  
Johnny T. Stine ◽  
Walter Luini ◽  
Giovanna D’Amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Chemokine Production ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Ifn Γ

Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) is a CC chemokine that recognizes the CCR4 receptor and is selective for T helper 2 (Th2) versus T helper 1 (Th1) cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the prototypic Th2/Th1 cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), on the production of MDC by human monocytes. IL-4 and IL-13 caused a time-dependent (plateau at 24 hours) and concentration-dependent (EC50 2 and 10 ng/mL, respectively) increase of MDC mRNA levels in monocytes. Increased expression of MDC mRNA was associated with protein release in the supernatant. MDC expression and production induced by IL-4 and IL-13 were inhibited by IFN-γ. IFN-γ also suppressed the constitutive expression of MDC in mature macrophages and dendritic cells. These results delineate an amplification loop of polarized Th2 responses based on differential regulation of MDC production by IL-4 and IL-13 versus IFN-γ and on the selectivity of this chemokine for polarized Th2 cells. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

scholarly journals Immunization with a Single Dose of a Microencapsulated Brucella melitensis Mutant Enhances Protection against Wild-Type Challenge

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 2448-2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela M. Arenas-Gamboa ◽  
Thomas A. Ficht ◽  
Melissa M. Kahl-McDonagh ◽  
Allison C. Rice-Ficht
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Vaccine Candidates

ABSTRACT The development of safe and efficacious immunization systems to prevent brucellosis is needed to overcome the disadvantages of the currently licensed vaccine strains that restrict their use in humans. Alginate microspheres coated with a protein of the parasite Fasciola hepatica (vitelline protein B [VpB]) and containing live Brucella melitensis attenuated mutant vjbR::Tn5 (BMEII1116) were evaluated for vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity in mice. A single immunization dose in BALB/c mice with the encapsulated vjbR mutant improved protection against wild-type B. melitensis 16M challenge compared to the nonencapsulated vaccine strain (P < 0.05). The encapsulated mutant was also shown to induce a sustained elevation of Immunoglobulin G levels. Cytokine secretion from spleen cells of mice vaccinated with the encapsulated vjbR::Tn5 revealed elevated secretion of gamma interferon and interleukin-12, but no interleukin-4, suggesting an induction of a T helper 1 response reflecting the enhanced immunity associated with microencapsulation. Together, these results suggest that microencapsulation of live attenuated organisms offers the ability to increase the efficacy of vaccine candidates.

scholarly journals Interleukin-18 plays a role in both the alum-induced T helper 2 response and the T helper 1 response induced by alum-adsorbed interleukin-12

Immunology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. J. Pollock ◽  
Margaret Conacher ◽  
Xiao-Qing Wei ◽  
James Alexander ◽  
James M. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
T Helper 2

Divergent Effects of Interleukin-4 and Interferon-γ on Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Production: An Amplification Circuit of Polarized T Helper 2 Responses

Blood ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 2668-2671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Bonecchi ◽  
Silvano Sozzani ◽  
Johnny T. Stine ◽  
Walter Luini ◽  
Giovanna D’Amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Th2 Cells ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Chemokine Production ◽  
T Helper 2 ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) is a CC chemokine that recognizes the CCR4 receptor and is selective for T helper 2 (Th2) versus T helper 1 (Th1) cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of the prototypic Th2/Th1 cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), on the production of MDC by human monocytes. IL-4 and IL-13 caused a time-dependent (plateau at 24 hours) and concentration-dependent (EC50 2 and 10 ng/mL, respectively) increase of MDC mRNA levels in monocytes. Increased expression of MDC mRNA was associated with protein release in the supernatant. MDC expression and production induced by IL-4 and IL-13 were inhibited by IFN-γ. IFN-γ also suppressed the constitutive expression of MDC in mature macrophages and dendritic cells. These results delineate an amplification loop of polarized Th2 responses based on differential regulation of MDC production by IL-4 and IL-13 versus IFN-γ and on the selectivity of this chemokine for polarized Th2 cells. © 1998 by The American Society of Hematology.

scholarly journals DNA-Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Primer-Booster Vaccination Biases towards T Helper 1 Responses and Enhances Protection against Leishmania major Infection in Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 4924-4928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uta G. Lange ◽  
Pietro Mastroeni ◽  
Jenefer M. Blackwell ◽  
Carmel B. Stober
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Helper 1 ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Successful Resolution ◽  
Ifn Γ

ABSTRACT Successful resolution of infections by intracellular pathogens requires gamma interferon (IFN-γ). DNA vaccines promote T helper 1 (Th1) responses by triggering interleukin-12 (IL-12) release by dendritic cells (DC) through Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). In humans TLR9 is restricted to plasmacytoid DC. Here we show that DNA-Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium primer-booster vaccination, which provides alternative ligands to bind TLR4 on myeloid DC, strongly biases towards Th1 responses compared to vaccination with DNA alone. This results in higher immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) responses compared to IgG1 responses, higher IFN-γ responses compared to IL-10 CD4+-T-cell responses, and enhanced protection against Leishmania major infection in susceptible BALB/c mice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document