scholarly journals Effector-Mediated Interaction of CbbRI and CbbRII Regulators with Target Sequences in Rhodobacter capsulatus

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (23) ◽  
pp. 8026-8035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padungsri Dubbs ◽  
James M. Dubbs ◽  
F. Robert Tabita
Keyword(s):  
Rhodobacter Capsulatus ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Dnase I ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate ◽  
Target Promoters

ABSTRACT In Rhodobacter capsulatus, genes encoding enzymes of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose phosphate pathway are located in the cbbI and cbbII operons. Each operon contains a divergently transcribed LysR-type transcriptional activator (CbbRI and CbbRII) that regulates the expression of its cognate cbb promoter in response to an as yet unidentified effector molecule(s). Both CbbRI and CbbRII were purified, and the ability of a variety of potential effector molecules to induce changes in their DNA binding properties at their target promoters was assessed. The responses of CbbRI and CbbRII to potential effectors were not identical. In gel mobility shift assays, the affinity of both CbbRI and CbbRII for their target promoters was enhanced in the presence of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), phosphoenolpyruvate, 3-phosphoglycerate, 2-phosphoglycolate. ATP, 2-phosphoglycerate, and KH2PO4 were found to enhance only CbbRI binding, while fructose-1,6-bisphosphate enhanced the binding of only CbbRII. The DNase I footprint of CbbRI was reduced in the presence of RuBP, while reductions in the CbbRII DNase I footprint were induced by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate, and KH2PO4. The current in vitro results plus recent in vivo studies suggest that CbbR-mediated regulation of cbb transcription is controlled by multiple metabolic signals in R. capsulatus. This control reflects not only intracellular levels of Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle metabolic intermediates but also the fixed (organic) carbon status and energy charge of the cell.

Analyzing Phytochemicals as Inhibitors of Diabetes Mellitus 2 Causing Proteins based on Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Protocols

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobia Nazir Chaudry ◽  
Waqar Hussain ◽  
Nouman Rasool
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate

Background: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 is one of the complex diseases, affecting people both in developed and developing countries. Plant extracted compounds known as phytochemicals are worthy because they have various medicinal properties. Objective: The present study aims at the in silico discovery of novel potent inhibitors against Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Methods: A total of 2750 phytochemicals from various medicinal important plants were collected for this study. Origin of these plants was Pakistan and India. The ADMET, molecular docking approaches were used to determine the binding and reactivity of these phytochemicals as Diabetes Mellitus type 2 inhibitors. Results: The ADMET analysis and molecular docking resulted in the selection of 42 phytochemicals (3 against Glucokinase receptor, 22 against Fructose 1,6 Bisphosphate protein and 17 for multidrug-resistant protein) showing high binding affinity as compared to the previously reported inhibitors of Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Conclusions: These 42 phytochemicals can be considered novel inhibitors against Diabetes Mellitus type 2 and can be selected for additional in vitro and in vivo studies to develop a suitable drug against diabetes.

Human potassium chloride cotransporter 1 (SLC12A4) promoter is regulated by AP-2 and contains a functional downstream promoter element

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 4302-4309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Ping Zhou ◽  
Clara Wong ◽  
Robert Su ◽  
Scott C. Crable ◽  
Kathleen P. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Promoter Element ◽  
Mobility Shift ◽  
Downstream Promoter Element

Abstract Most K-Cl cotransport in the erythrocyte is attributed to potassium chloride cotransporter 1 (KCC1). K-Cl cotransport is elevated in sickle erythrocytes, and the KCC1 gene has been proposed as a modifier gene in sickle cell disease. To provide insight into our understanding of the regulation of the human KCC1 gene, we mapped the 5′ end of the KCC1 cDNA, cloned the corresponding genomic DNA, and identified the KCC1 gene promoter. The core promoter lacks a TATA box and is composed of an initiator element (InR) and a downstream promoter element (DPE), a combination found primarily in Drosophila gene promoters and rarely observed in mammalian gene promoters. Mutational analyses demonstrated that both the InR and DPE sites were critical for full promoter activity. In vitro DNase I footprinting, electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and reporter gene assays identified functional AP-2 and Sp1 sites in this region. The KCC1 promoter was transactivated by forced expression of AP-2 in heterologous cells. Sequences encoding the InR, DPE, AP-2, and Sp1 sites were 100% conserved between human and murine KCC1 genes. In vivo studies using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays with antihistone H3 and antihistone H4 antibodies demonstrated hyperacetylation of this core promoter region. (Blood. 2004;103:4302-4309)

In vitro and in vivo studies of new cationic Zn(II)‐benzonaphthoporphyrazines as photosensitizers for PDT

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 645-651
Author(s):  
M. Peeva ◽  
M. Shopova ◽  
U. Michelsen ◽  
D. Wöhrle ◽  
G. Petrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies

Effect of caffeine on theophyliine on cerebral blood flow response to brain activation: In vitro and in vivo studies

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S198-S198
Author(s):  
Joseph R Meno ◽  
Thien-son K Nguyen ◽  
Elise M Jensen ◽  
G Alexander West ◽  
Leonid Groysman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Blood Flow Response ◽  
Flow Response

Effects of Unfractionated and Low Molecular Weight Heparins on Platelet Thromboxane Biosynthesis “In Vivo”

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 942-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Landolfi ◽  
Erica De Candia ◽  
Bianca Rocca ◽  
Giovanni Ciabattoni ◽  
Armando Antinori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unfractionated Heparin ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Heparin Administration ◽  
To Receive

SummarySeveral “in vitro” and “in vivo” studies indicate that heparin administration may affect platelet function. In this study we investigated the effects of prophylactic heparin on thromboxane (Tx)A2 biosynthesis “in vivo”, as assessed by the urinary excretion of major enzymatic metabolites 11-dehydro-TxB2 and 2,3-dinor-TxB2. Twenty-four patients who were candidates for cholecystectomy because of uncomplicated lithiasis were randomly assigned to receive placebo, unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin or unfractionaed heparin plus 100 mg aspirin. Measurements of daily excretion of Tx metabolites were performed before and during the treatment. In the groups assigned to placebo and to low molecular weight heparin there was no statistically significant modification of Tx metabolite excretion while patients receiving unfractionated heparin had a significant increase of both metabolites (11-dehydro-TxB2: 3844 ± 1388 vs 2092 ±777, p <0.05; 2,3-dinor-TxB2: 2737 ± 808 vs 1535 ± 771 pg/mg creatinine, p <0.05). In patients randomized to receive low-dose aspirin plus unfractionated heparin the excretion of the two metabolites was largely suppressed thus suggesting that platelets are the primary source of enhanced thromboxane biosynthesis associated with heparin administration. These data indicate that unfractionated heparin causes platelet activation “in vivo” and suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparin may avoid this complication.

Effectiveness of the integration of quercetin, turmeric, and N-acetylcysteine in reducing inflammation and pain associated with endometriosis. In-vitro and in-vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Fadin ◽  
Maria C. Nicoletti ◽  
Marzia Pellizzato ◽  
Manuela Accardi ◽  
Maria G. Baietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies
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