scholarly journals Modulation of mRNA Stability Participates in Stationary-Phase-Specific Expression of Ribosome Modulation Factor

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (6) ◽  
pp. 1951-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiko Aiso ◽  
Hideji Yoshida ◽  
Akira Wada ◽  
Reiko Ohki
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Mrna Stability ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Fresh Medium ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Modulation Factor ◽  
Inactive Form ◽  
Regulation Of Growth ◽  
Ribosome Modulation Factor

ABSTRACT The expression of ribosome modulation factor (RMF) is induced during stationary phase in Escherichia coli. RMF participates in the dimerization of 70S ribosomes to form the 100S ribosome, which is the translationally inactive form of the ribosome. To elucidate the involvement of the control of mRNA stability in growth-phase-specific rmf expression, we investigated rmf mRNA stability in stationary-phase cells and cells inoculated into fresh medium. The rmf mRNA was found to have an extremely long half-life during stationary phase, whereas destabilization of this mRNA took place after the culture was inoculated into fresh medium. RMF and 100S ribosomes disappeared from cells 1 min after inoculation. In addition to control by ppGpp-dependent transcription, these results indicate that the modulation of rmf mRNA stability is also involved in the regulation of growth-phase-specific rmf expression. Unexpectedly, the postinoculation degradation of rmf mRNA was suppressed by the addition of rifampin, suggesting that de novo RNA synthesis is necessary for degradation. This degradation was also suppressed in both a poly(A) polymerase-deficient and an rne-131 mutant strain. We cloned and sequenced the 3′-proximal regions of rmf mRNAs and found that most of these 3′ ends terminated at the ρ-independent terminator with the addition of a one- to five-A oligo(A) tail in either stationary-phase or inoculated cells. No difference was observed in the length of the poly(A) tail between stationary-phase and inoculated cells. These results suggest that a certain postinoculation-specific regulatory factor participates in the destabilization of rmf mRNA and is dependent on polyadenylation.

GROWTH OF PENICILLIN-RESISTANT AND PENICILLIN-SENSITIVE STRAINS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186
Author(s):  
Wendall E. Allen ◽  
Ilda McVeigh
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Fresh Medium ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Ten strains of naturally penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (obtained from patients), two in vitro derived resistant strains, and two sensitive strains, were grown at 37 C in Antibiotic Assay broth, and viable cell determinations were made at intervals. From these data, growth curves were plotted for each of the strains. The curves for the naturally penicillin-resistant and the sensitive strains are very similar. Little, if any, lag in growth of these strains occurred on transfer from maximum stationary-phase cultures to fresh medium. They grew at approximately the same rate during the logarithmic growth phase, which lasted for 3 to 4 hours; during the maximum stationary phase, about the same number of cells was present per milliliter in cultures of each of these strains. In contrast, the in vitro derived resistant strains underwent a lag of 2 to 6 hours on transfer to fresh medium and grew at a slower rate during the logarithmic growth phase. However, during the maximum stationary phase, which occurred after an incubation period of 24 to 32 hours, the cell titers were approximately the same as those of the naturally resistant and the sensitive strains. When grown in competition with either of the sensitive strains in Antibiotic Assay broth in the absence of penicillin, one of the naturally resistant strains persisted for 14 successive subcultures without any apparent change in ability to tolerate the antibiotic.

Involvement of ppGpp, Ribosome Modulation Factor, and Stationary Phase-Specific Sigma Factor ςS in the Decrease in Cell Viability Caused by Spermidine

1999 ◽  
Vol 264 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Auayporn Apirakaramwong ◽  
Keiko Kashiwagi ◽  
V.Samuel Raj ◽  
Kaori Sakata ◽  
Yoshimi Kakinuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Sigma Factor ◽  
Modulation Factor ◽  
Ribosome Modulation Factor

Growth phase dependent resistance to oxidative stress in a phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paiboon Vattanaviboon ◽  
Wipa Praituan ◽  
Skorn Mongkolsuk
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, a rice bacterial pathogen, showed growth phase dependent resistance to oxidative stress killing. Stationary phase cells were much more resistant to killing concentrations of H2O2, organic peroxides, and a superoxide generator (menadione) than cells from early log and mid-log phases. The stationary phase stress resistance phenotype did not require de novo protein synthesis. Also, nutrient starvation or media metabolites were not inducing signals for the phenotype. The stationary phase stress resistance did not apply to all types of stress. For example, X. oryzae pv. oryzae was equally sensitive to heat and pH 5.5 stress at all growth phases tested. This pattern of stationary phase resistance to stress differs from observations in other bacteria and could be important in plant–microbe interactions.Key words: phytopathogen, stationary growth phase, resistance to oxidative stress killing.

scholarly journals SENSITIZATION TO HEAT BY X-RAYS

1948 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur C. Giese ◽  
H. Duane Heath
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Fresh Medium ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Paramecium Caudatum ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Heat Sensitization

1. Paramecium caudatum is sensitized to heat by sublethal dosages of x-rays. Thus if paramecia are irradiated, then exposed to a sublethal dosage of heat they are killed, but if the same heat exposure precedes the same dosage of radiations, they are not. 2. Sensitivity to both heat and x-rays is much greater in paramecia from the log growth phase than in those from the stationary phase of a culture. 3. Recovery from heat sensitization in animals from the stationary phase of a culture is slow, requiring several days. 4. Division is readily retarded and even temporarily inhibited by sublethal dosage of x-rays. Recovery of the division rate is fairly slow requiring several days. 5. Paramecia can be killed by a dosage of 1,200,000 r (of which about one-half reach the animal) units of x-radiation alone. Smaller dosages are not lethal if the paramecia are transferred to fresh medium immediately upon completion of irradiation. 6. The possibility of utilization of heat sensitization in treatment of malignant growths is discussed.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

scholarly journals Identification and Expression Analysis of the Genes Involved in the Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides Pathway of Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1465
Author(s):  
Ramon de Koning ◽  
Raphaël Kiekens ◽  
Mary Esther Muyoka Toili ◽  
Geert Angenon
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Raffinose Family Oligosaccharides ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Raffinose Synthase

Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO) play an important role in plants but are also considered to be antinutritional factors. A profound understanding of the galactinol and RFO biosynthetic gene families and the expression patterns of the individual genes is a prerequisite for the sustainable reduction of the RFO content in the seeds, without compromising normal plant development and functioning. In this paper, an overview of the annotation and genetic structure of all galactinol- and RFO biosynthesis genes is given for soybean and common bean. In common bean, three galactinol synthase genes, two raffinose synthase genes and one stachyose synthase gene were identified for the first time. To discover the expression patterns of these genes in different tissues, two expression atlases have been created through re-analysis of publicly available RNA-seq data. De novo expression analysis through an RNA-seq study during seed development of three varieties of common bean gave more insight into the expression patterns of these genes during the seed development. The results of the expression analysis suggest that different classes of galactinol- and RFO synthase genes have tissue-specific expression patterns in soybean and common bean. With the obtained knowledge, important galactinol- and RFO synthase genes that specifically play a key role in the accumulation of RFOs in the seeds are identified. These candidate genes may play a pivotal role in reducing the RFO content in the seeds of important legumes which could improve the nutritional quality of these beans and would solve the discomforts associated with their consumption.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document