scholarly journals Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of eight commercial assays for the detection of rubella virus specific IgM antibodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Hiebert ◽  
Vanessa Zubach ◽  
Carmen L. Charlton ◽  
Jayne Fenton ◽  
Graham A. Tipples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Global Eradication

Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome are caused by the rubella virus and are preventable through vaccination, making disease eradication possible. Monitoring of progress towards global eradication and local elimination requires high quality, sensitive disease surveillance that includes laboratory confirmation of cases. Previous evaluations of anti-rubella IgM detection methods resulted in the broad adoption of Enzygnost (most recently manufactured by Siemens) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA) kits within WHO’s global measles and rubella laboratory network but they have been discontinued. This study evaluates seven comparable ELISA methods from six manufacturers (Trinity Biotech, Euroimmun, Clin-Tech, NovaTec and Virion\Serion) as well as one automated chemiluminescent assay (CLIA) from Diasorin. These methods consisted of three IgM capture methods and five indirect ELISA methods. A panel of 238 sera was used for the evaluation that included 38 archival rubella IgM positive sera and 200 sera collected from symptomatically similar cases, such as measles, dengue, parvovirus B19 and roseola. With this panel of sera, the sensitivity of the methods ranged from 63.2% to 100% and the specificity from 80.0% to 99.5%. No single method had both sensitivity and specificity >90%, unless sera with equivocal results were considered to be presumptive positive. Some methods, particularly the Serion ELISA, had a large number of false positives with parvovirus B19 IgM positive sera as well as sera from confirmed measles cases. The performance characteristics identified in this evaluation serve as a reminder to not rely solely on rubella IgM results for case confirmation in elimination settings.

scholarly journals Laboratory Confirmation of Lyme Disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom G Schwan ◽  
Warren J Simpson ◽  
Patricia A Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Staining Methods ◽  
Alternative Detection ◽  
Species Specific

Lyme disease can be confirmed in the laboratory by isolation or detection of its causative agent, a tick-borne spirocheteBorrelia burgdorferi,or by a diagnostic change in the titre of antibodies specific to the agent.B burgdorferican be isolated and cultivated in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly II medium. It can be detected by light microscopy in tissue sections or, rarely, in blood smears using various staining methods. There is interest in the development of alternative detection methods, including identification of specific antigens ofB burgdorferiin the urine of suspected cases and demonstration of the presence of species-specific DNA using polymerase chain reaction assays. Currently, serological tests (indirect immunofluorescence assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western immunoblot) are the most practical and available methods for confirming Lyme disease. The quest to improve the specificity and sensitivity of serological tests – for example, through the use of specific recombinant antigens – continues.

scholarly journals Comparison of Detection Methods for a Novel Tobamovirus Isolated from Florida Hibiscus

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivanka Kamenova ◽  
Scott Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Elisa ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Poly Merase Chain Reaction ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Das Elisa

A novel tobamovirus recently was isolated from hibiscus in Florida. Serological and molecular methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), dot-blot immunoassay (DBIA), tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA), and immunocapture reverse-transcription poly-merase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) were compared to evaluate their usefulness for diagnosis of this virus. Each method was tested with partially purified virus preparations and tissue samples from infected hibiscus and Chenopodium quinoa plants. Indirect ELISA was more sensitive than double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with all samples tested. The Florida hibiscus virus was detectable in hibiscus leaves and bark up to 1:12,800 and 1:6,400 dilutions, respectively, by indirect ELISA and up to 1:3,200 and 1:400 dilutions by DAS-ELISA. End-point dilutions of partially purified virus preparations from indirect and DAS-ELISA were 4 and 31 ng/ml, respectively. Florida hibiscus virus was detected by DBIA in sap from hibiscus bark and leaves at dilutions up to 1:400 and 1:800, respectively, showing that DBIA was less sensitive than either ELISA method. The virus also was detected reliably by TBIA from leaves and bark of hibiscus plants. The most sensitive method was IC-RT-PCR, which could detect as little as 500 pg/ml of virus in partially purified preparations and was 16- and 32-fold more sensitive than DAS-ELISA with hibiscus bark and leaf extracts, respectively. Over 600 hibiscus samples were tested by various combinations of these methods to validate their usefulness.

Parvovirus infection in children and pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
E.V. Mikhailova ◽  
◽  
T.K. Chudakova ◽  
D.Yu. Levin ◽  
A.V. Romanovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Minute Virus Of Mice ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
B19 Parvovirus ◽  
Minute Virus

Parvovirus (PV) is a widespread infection, despite the fact that this pathogen was discovered only recently. The therapeutic effect of PV, in particular its oncolytic activity, is being actively studied now. Notably, PVs causing infections in animals, such as rat PV H-1, caninae PV, and rodent protoparvovirus (minute virus of mice) suppress oncogenesis in these animals. There is an ex vivo evidence of rat glioblastoma and gliosarcoma sensitivity to PV. The affinity of PV B19 to P-antigen located primarily on the membranes of erythroid cells is crucial for the disease pathogenesis. The teratogenic effect of PV B19 is associated with its ability to infect placental cells (P-antigen is present on the cells of chorionic villi and surface of the trophoblast). PV infection can be acquired or congenital, typical or atypical. The outcome of intrauterine infection with PV B19 largely depends on the gestation age when the infection occurred. Women infected during the second trimester are at higher risk of vertical transmission and severe intrauterine pathology with a poor outcome than those infected during the third trimester. Constant contact with young children significantly increases the risk of PV B19 infection among pregnant women with no immunity to this virus. Serum is the most convenient biomaterial for detecting both PV DNA and virus-specific antibodies. One test for anti-PV IgG using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is sufficient to determine the immune status of a patient. Polymerase chain reaction with amniotic fluid is used to diagnose intrauterine infection with PV B19. Blood components and products should be checked for PV B19. High frequency of PV B19 detection in the blood of donors necessitates the development of special measures aimed at prevention of virus transmission. Key words: pregnant women, children, parvovirus B19, parvovirus infection

scholarly journals Study of the teratogenicity of the vaccine strain of the Rubella virus «Orlov-V» (Matonaviridae: Rubivirus: Rubella virus) in experience on rhesus macaques

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
I. N. Lavrentjeva ◽  
O. A. Shamsutdinova ◽  
I. I. Chugueva ◽  
D. D. Karal-ogly ◽  
O. I. Vyshemirskiy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Preclinical Study ◽  
Wild Type Virus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rubella Vaccine ◽  
Congenital Rubella

Introduction. Rubella virus has pronounced teratogenic properties that can cause generalized and persistent intrauterine infection of the fetus. As a result, the control of the loss of teratogenicity inherent in «wild-type» virus strains is a necessary stage of a preclinical study of the vaccine strain for a live attenuated rubella vaccine.The purpose of the study is to comprehensively study the teratogenic properties of the vaccine strain of rubella virus «Orlov-V» in the experiment on rhesus macaques.Material and methods. Seronegative to rubella virus female rhesus macaques in early pregnancy at the age of 4–7 years (n = 13) were used in the experiment. Animals of the experimental group (n = 9) received single immunization intramuscularly with a preparation from the «Orlov-V» strain. The control group of the monkeys (n = 3) were immunized with a commercial vaccine containing Wistar RA27/3 strain. The female of the control group (n = 1) was injected with a solvent used in the rubella vaccine. Study of possible teratogenic properties of vaccine strains of rubella virus was carried out using a complex of clinical, immunological, pathomorphological and virological methods. Clinical observations were made within 3 months after the monkeys’ birth. Determination of antibody titers in the blood serum of immunized monkeys was performed in HI test on the 28th–30th day after infection. The ELISA method was applied to determine IgM antibodies in the blood serum of newborns within the first month of life. Detection of rubella virus RNA was performed by PCR with electrophoretic detection of amplicons.Results. No markers of congenital rubella infection were found in infants born from monkeys vaccinated during the pregnancy. It is shown that PCR can be an informative method to confirm the absence of teratogenic properties of vaccine strains of rubella virus.Discussion. The obtained data demonstrated that vaccine strains of the «Orlov-V» rubella virus and Wistar RA27/3 have lost their teratogenic properties. The possibility of using an alternative strategy for preclinical assessment of specific safety of antiviral vaccines including a complex of clinical, immunological, pathologic and virological methods instead of the classical pathologic method is discussed.Conclusion. The results obtained in this study showed the absence of teratogenic properties and high immunogenic activity of the vaccine strain of rubella virus «Orlov-V».

scholarly journals SINDROM RUBELLA KONGENITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Julia Fitriany ◽  
Yulia Husna
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Congenital Rubella

Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS) adalah suatu kumpulan gejala penyakit terdiri dari katarak, penyakit jantung bawaan, gangguan pendengaran, dan keterlambatan perkembangan. Sindrom rubella kongenital disebabkan infeksi virus rubella pada janin selama masa kehamilan akibat ibu tidak mempunyai kekebalan terhadap virus rubella.. Virus rubella ditransmisikan melalui pernapasan yaitu  melalui droplet yang dikeluarkan oleh seseorang yang terinfeksi rubella, setelah  terkena droplet, virus ini akan mengalami replikasi di nasofaring dan di daerah kelenjar getah bening. Viremia terjadi antara hari ke-5 sampai hari ke-7 setelah terpajan virus rubella. Infeksi rubella menyebabkan kerusakan janin karena proses pembelahan  terhambat. Diagnosis dari CRS bisa ditegakkan melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan pebunjang. Pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk menunjang diagnosis CRS antara lain: isolasi virus, pemeriksaan serologik (ELISA) dan pemeriksaan terhadap RNA virus rubella. Terapi untuk CRS sendiri hanya bersifat suportif untuk defek-defek yang dialami. Penting untuk mencegah CRS adalah dengan vaksin MMR sebelum hami.  Prognosis untuk CRS lebih buruk dibandingkan dengan rubella postnatal karena disertai kerusakan organ multiple yang berat.

scholarly journals Detection of antibodies and antigens of human parvovirus B19 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
L J Anderson ◽  
C Tsou ◽  
R A Parker ◽  
T L Chorba ◽  
H Wulff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Human Parvovirus B19

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in congenital rubella virus and cytomegalovirus infections

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sugita ◽  
M. Ando ◽  
M. Makino ◽  
J. Takanashi ◽  
N. Fujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Congenital Rubella ◽  
Cytomegalovirus Infections ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Prenatal diagnosis of congenital rubella infection in São Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Suely Pires Curti ◽  
Cristina Adelaide Figueiredo ◽  
Maria Isabel de Oliveira ◽  
Joelma Queiroz Andrade ◽  
Marcelo Zugaib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Congenital Rubella Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Blood ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Rubella Infection ◽  
Molecular Assays ◽  
Congenital Rubella

Objective: rubella during the early stages of pregnancy can lead to severe birth defects known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Samples collected from pregnant women with symptoms and suspected of congenital rubella infection between 1996 and 2008 were analyzed. Methods: a total of 23 amniotic fluid samples, 16 fetal blood samples, 1 product of conception and 1 placenta were analyzed by serology and RT-PCR. Results: all patients presented positive serology for IgG / IgM antibodies to rubella virus. Among neonates, 16 were IgG-positive, 9 were IgM-positive and 4 were negative for both antibodies. Of the 25 samples analyzed in this study, 24 were positive by RT-PCR. Changes in ultrasound were found in 15 (60%) of 25 fetuses infected with rubella virus. Fetal death and miscarriage were reported in 10 (40%) of the 25 cases analyzed. The rubella virus was amplified by PCR in all fetuses with abnormal ultrasound compatible with rubella. Fetal death and abortion were reported in 10 of 25 cases analyzed. Conclusion: this study, based on primary maternal rubella infection definitely confirms the good sensitivity and specificity of RT-PCR using amniotic fluid and ultrasound. The results showed that molecular assays are important tools in the early diagnosis of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome.

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