scholarly journals Serotype Distribution, Population Structure, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Group B Streptococcus Strains Recovered from Colonized Pregnant Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Teatero ◽  
Patricia Ferrieri ◽  
Irene Martin ◽  
Walter Demczuk ◽  
Allison McGeer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACTUsing serotyping, multilocus sequence typing, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of selected strains, we studied the population structure of 102 group BStreptococcus(GBS) isolates prospectively sampled in 2014 from vaginal/rectal swabs of healthy pregnant women in metropolitan Toronto, Canada. We also determined the susceptibilities of each of the colonizing isolates to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and other antimicrobial agents. Overall, we observed a high rate of tetracycline resistance (89%) among colonizing GBS isolates. We found resistance to erythromycin in 36% of the strains, and 33% were constitutively or inducibly resistant to clindamycin. The most frequently identified serotypes were III (25%), Ia (23%), and V (19%). Serotype IV accounted for 6% of the colonizing isolates, a rate consistent with that observed among patients with invasive GBS infections in metropolitan Toronto. The majority of serotype IV isolates belonged to sequence type (ST)459, a tetracycline-, erythromycin-, and clindamycin-resistant ST first identified in Minnesota, which is considered to be the main driver of serotype IV GBS expansion in North America. WGS revealed that ST459 isolates from Canada are clonally related to colonizing and invasive ST459 organisms circulating in regions of the United States. We also used WGS to study recombination in selected colonizing strains from metropolitan Toronto, which revealed multiple episodes of capsular switching. Present and future circulating GBS organisms and their genetic diversity may influence GBS vaccine development.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Revogene GBS LB Assay and GeneXpert GBS LB Assay for the detection of Group B Streptococcus in prenatal screening samples.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsokyi Choera ◽  
Brittney Jung-Hynes ◽  
Derrick J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC, therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and administration of intrapartum prophylaxis (in those that tested positive) as an effective means of controlling disease transmission. Several FDA approved molecular diagnostic tests are available for rapid and accurate detection of GBS in antepartum women. Method: In this study, we report a clinical comparison of the Xpert GBS LB assay and a novel FDA-cleared test, Revogene GBS LB assay. A total of 250 vaginal-rectal swabs from women undergoing prenatal screening were submitted to the University of Wisconsin’s clinical microbiology laboratory for GBS testing. Results: We found 96.8% of samples were concordant between the two tests, while 3.2% were discordant with a positive percent agreement of 98.0% and a negative percent agreement of 96.5% between the Revogene GBS LB assay and the GeneXpert GBS LB assay. Conclusion: Overall, we report that both assays perform well for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Features of Streptococcus agalactiae strains recovered from pregnant women and newborns attending different hospitals in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Mohammed Ali ◽  
Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel ◽  
Daniel Asrat ◽  
Demissie Assegu Fenta ◽  
Bernard Beall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Suspected Sepsis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sequence Types

Abstract Background Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) serotypes, sequence types, and antimicrobial resistance profile vary across different geographic locations affecting disease patterns in newborns. These differences are important considerations for vaccine development efforts and data from large countries in Africa is limited. The aim of this study was to determine serotypes and genotypes of GBS isolates from pregnant women and their newborns in Ethiopia. Methods A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals in Ethiopia from June 2014 to September 2015. Out of 225 GBS isolates, 121 GBS were recovered, confirmed and characterized at CDC’s Streptococcus Laboratory using conventional microbiology methods and whole genome sequencing. Results Of the 121 isolates, 87 were from rectovaginal samples of pregnant women, 32 from different body parts of their newborns and 2 from blood of newborns with suspected sepsis. There were 25 mother-infant pairs and 24 pairs had concordant strains. The most prevalent serotypes among mothers and/or their babies were II, Ia and V (41.5, 20.6, 19.5 and 40.6%, 25 and 15.6%, respectively). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) on 83 isolates showed ST10 (24; 28.9%) and ST2 (12; 14.5%) as most predominant sequence types. All GBS strains were susceptible to penicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin, which correlated to the presence of wildtype PBP2x types and the lack of known vancomycin-resistance genes. Tetracycline resistance was high (73; 88%, associated primarily with tetM, but also tetO and tetL). Five isolates (6%) were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin and 3 isolates were fluoroquinolone-resistant, containing associated mutations in gyrA and parC genes. All isolates were positive for one of four homologous Alpha/Rib family determinants and 1–2 of the three main pilus types. Conclusions Predominant serotypes were II, Ia, and V. A limited number of clonal types were identified with two STs accounting for about half of the isolates. All strains collected in this study were susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics and vancomycin. Typical of most GBS, these isolates were positive for single alpha-like family protein, serine-rich repeat gene, as well as 1–2 pilus determinants.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characterization of group B streptococcus in pregnant women from hospitals in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions of Namibia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erastus Lafimana Haimbodi ◽  
Munyaradzi Mukesi ◽  
Sylvester Rodgers Moyo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Capsular Type ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background The main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and molecular characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women at 35 weeks of gestation and above, who attended antenatal screening at selected hospitals in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions of Namibia. Results Out of 210 women screened for Group B Streptococcus (GBS), 12 (5.7%) were colonised of which 25.0% were colonised rectovaginally, 58.0% vaginally and 17.0% rectally. No significant association was reported between GBS colonisation and maternal age, geographic location, marital status, education, employment, parity, still births and miscarriages (P values > 0.05). Antimicrobial susceptibility was reported at 100% for ampicillin, penicillin & ceftriaxone which are commonly used for empiric treatment of infection with GBS. Resistance to tetracycline was reported at 100%. Tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) was present in 88.9% of the isolates only and none of the isolates presented with tet(O). Polysaccharide capsular type Ia was found in 9(50%) and Ib was found in 1(5.5%) of the total isolates. The remaining isolates were not typeable using PCR. Conclusion Streptococcus agalactiae’s positive rate was 5.7% among the pregnant women examined. Socio-demographic and obstetric factors had no influence on GBS colonisation (P values > 0.05). No resistance was reported to ampicillin, penicillin and ceftriaxone. No sensitivity was reported to tetracycline. Fifty percent of the isolates were capsular type Ia, 5.5% were type Ib and 44.4% were not typeable using PCR. The study provides crucial information for informing policy in screening of GBS in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Revogene GBS LB Assay and GeneXpert GBS LB Assay for the detection of Group B Streptococcus in prenatal screening samples.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsokyi Choera(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Brittney Jung-Hynes ◽  
Derrick J. Chen(New Corresponding Author)
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC, therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and administration of intrapartum prophylaxis (in those that tested positive) as an effective means of controlling disease transmission. Several FDA approved molecular diagnostic tests are available for rapid and accurate detection of GBS in antepartum women. Method: In this study, we report a clinical comparison of the Xpert GBS LB assay and a novel FDA-cleared test, Revogene GBS LB assay. A total of 250 vaginal-rectal swabs from women undergoing prenatal screening were submitted to the University of Wisconsin’s clinical microbiology laboratory for GBS testing. Results: We found 96.8% of samples were concordant between the two tests, while 3.2% were discordant with a positive percent agreement of 98.0% and a negative percent agreement of 96.5% between the Revogene GBS LB assay and the GeneXpert GBS LB assay. Conclusion: Overall, we report that both assays perform well for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Distribution of Pilus Islands in Streptococcus agalactiae That Cause Human Infections: Insights into Evolution and Implication for Vaccine Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Martins ◽  
A. Andreu ◽  
J. Melo-Cristino ◽  
M. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Group B ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTAt least one pilus island, PI-1 (70%), PI-2a (79%), or PI-2b (21%), was found among 898Streptococcus agalactiae(group B streptococcus [GBS]) isolates recovered from humans, supporting the use of pilus proteins in vaccines. The stability and dominance of PI-1 and PI-2a in multiple serotypes and founder multilocus sequence types disseminated worldwide suggest it could be the PI combination present in ancestral GBS human pathogens.

scholarly journals Virulence-genes Rib and Bca in Serotypes of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Isolated from Symptomatic Pregnant Women in East Coast Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Bahez ◽  
Mohammed Imad Al-Deen Mustafa Mahmud ◽  
Hairul Aini Hamzah ◽  
Hanan Hamimi Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of maternally-acquired invasive infections in neonates. Nowadays maternal immunization is of utmost demand for prevention of these infections. We undertook capsular serotyping and virulence factor genes identification for local GBS isolates as a pilot study, to identify potential candidates to propagate vaccine development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a descriptive lab -based study to determine GBS serotypes and presence of genes coding virulence factors bca and rib in isolates obtained from symptomatic pregnant women in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. Sixty-two GBS isolates from high vaginal swabs were collected. Latex agglutination test was performed to determine GBS serotypes. Real-time PCR was done to determine the presence of virulence genes. RESULTS: Of the 62 GBS isolates, 77.4% were serologically typeable, and 22.6% were non -typeable. Serotypes Ia and Ib (16.1% each) were the most common capsular types, followed by II, V, and VII (9.7% each), III (8.1%), VI (6.5%), and VIII (1.6 %). Furthermore, 67.7% of the isolates harboured the rib gene while 98.4% possessed the bca gene. CONCLUSION: The five known prevalent serotypes worldwide, do not match the CPS distribution in symptomatic pregnant women in Kuantan. However, the frequency of virulence genes rib and bca is high among our isolates, which if confirmed by further bigger and wider studies makes the proteinaceous vaccine, N-terminal domains of Rib and AlpC a suitable candidate for GBS prevention in this geographical area.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Group B Streptococcus in Pregnant Women from Hospitals in Ohangwena and Oshikoto Regions of Namibia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Rodgers Moyo ◽  
Erastus Lafimana Haimbodi ◽  
Munyaradzi Mukesi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Capsular Type ◽  
P Values ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Group B

Abstract BackgroundThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and molecular characteristics of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women at 35 weeks of gestation and above, who attended antenatal screening at selected hospitals in Ohangwena and Oshikoto regions of Namibia.ResultsTwelve (5.7%) of women screened were colonised by GBS, of which 25.0% were colonised rectovaginally, 58.0% vaginally and 17.0% rectally. No significant association was reported between GBS colonisation and maternal age, habitat, marital status, education, employment, parity, still births and miscarriages (P values >0.05). Antimicrobial susceptibility was reported at 100% for ampicillin, penicillin & ceftriaxone. Resistance to tetracycline was reported at 100%. Tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) was present in 88.9% of the isolates only and none of the isolates presented with tet(O). Polysaccharide capsular type Ia was found in 9(50%) and Ib was found in 1(5.5%) of the total isolates. The remaining isolates were not typeable using PCR.ConclusionStreptococcus agalactiae’s positive rate was 5.7% among the pregnant women examined. Socio-demographic and obstetric factors had no influence on GBS colonisation (P values >0.05). No resistance was reported to ampicillin, penicillin and ceftriaxone. No sensitivity was reported to tetracycline. Fifty (50%) of the isolates were capsular type Ia, 5.5% were type Ib and 44.4% were not typeable using PCR.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Revogene GBS LB Assay and GeneXpert GBS LB Assay for the detection of Group B Streptococcus in prenatal screening samples.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsokyi Choera ◽  
Brittney Jung-Hynes ◽  
Derrick J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC, therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and administration of intrapartum prophylaxis (in those that tested positive) as an effective means of controlling disease transmission. Several FDA approved molecular diagnostic tests are available for rapid and accurate detection of GBS in antepartum women. Method: In this study, we report a clinical comparison of the Xpert GBS LB assay and a novel FDA-cleared test, Revogene GBS LB assay. A total of 250 vaginal-rectal swabs from women undergoing prenatal screening were submitted to the University of Wisconsin’s clinical microbiology laboratory for GBS testing. Results: We found 96.8% of samples were concordant between the two tests, while 3.2% were discordant with a positive percent agreement of 98.0% and a negative percent agreement of 96.5% between the Revogene GBS LB assay and the GeneXpert GBS LB assay. Conclusion: Overall, we report that both assays perform well for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Emergence of Serotype IV Group B Streptococcus Adult Invasive Disease in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada, Is Driven by Clonal Sequence Type 459 Strains

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 2919-2926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Teatero ◽  
Taryn B. T. Athey ◽  
Paul Van Caeseele ◽  
Greg Horsman ◽  
David C. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Total Burden ◽  
Group B

Serotype IV group BStreptococcus(GBS) is emerging in Canada and the United States with rates as high as 5% of the total burden of adult invasive GBS disease. To understand this emergence, we studied the population structure and assessed the antimicrobial susceptibility of serotype IV isolates causing adult invasive infection in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada, between 2010 and 2014. Whole-genome sequencing was used to determine multilocus sequence typing information and identify genes encoding antimicrobial resistance in 85 invasive serotype IV GBS strains. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by standard methods. Strain divergence was assessed using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis. Serotype IV strains were responsible for 16.9% of adult invasive GBS infections in Manitoba and Saskatchewan during the period. The majority of serotype IV isolates (89%) were clonally related, tetracycline-, erythromycin-, and clindamycin-resistant sequence type 459 (ST459) strains that possessed genestetMandermTR. Genome comparisons between ST459 and serotype V ST1 GBS identified several areas of recombination in an overall similar genomic background. Serotype IV ST459 GBS strains are expanding and causing a substantial percentage of adult invasive GBS disease. This emergence may be linked to the acquisition of resistance to tetracycline, macrolides, and lincosamides.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Revogene GBS LB Assay and GeneXpert GBS LB Assay for the detection of Group B Streptococcus in prenatal screening samples.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsokyi Choera ◽  
Brittney Jung-Hynes ◽  
Derrick J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Percent Agreement ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Group B Streptococcal (GBS) infections in the United States are a leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. The CDC, therefore recommends GBS screening for all pregnant women at 35–37 weeks of gestation and administration of intrapartum prophylaxis (in those that tested positive) as an effective means of controlling disease transmission. Several FDA approved molecular diagnostic tests are available for rapid and accurate detection of GBS in antepartum women. Method: In this study, we report a clinical comparison of the Xpert GBS LB assay and a novel FDA-cleared test, Revogene GBS LB assay. A total of 250 vaginal-rectal swabs from women undergoing prenatal screening were submitted to the University of Wisconsin’s clinical microbiology laboratory for GBS testing. Results: We found 96.8% of samples were concordant between the two tests, while 3.2% were discordant with a positive percent agreement of 98.0% and a negative percent agreement of 96.5% between the Revogene GBS LB assay and the GeneXpert GBS LB assay. Conclusion: Overall, we report that both assays perform well for the detection of GBS colonization in pregnant women.

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