scholarly journals Whole-cell repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction allows rapid assessment of clonal relationships of bacterial isolates.

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 1927-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
C R Woods ◽  
J Versalovic ◽  
T Koeuth ◽  
J R Lupski
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

Repetitive element sequence based polymerase chain reaction for typing of Brucella strains

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tcherneva ◽  
N. Rijpens ◽  
C. Naydensky ◽  
L. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

scholarly journals Munchausen syndrome mimicking refractory subcutaneous abscess with bacteremia, diagnosed by repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Iwanaga ◽  
Kazuko Yamamoto ◽  
Takahiro Takazono ◽  
Tomomi Saijo ◽  
Yoshifumi Imamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Munchausen Syndrome ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Element Sequence

Abstract Background Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment of Munchausen syndrome is important not only for the patient but also for health care workers because a delay in diagnosis can worsen patients’ clinical outcomes, and result in a substantial medical cost. Case presentation A young and previously healthy 24-year-old Japanese woman, a nurse, presented with complaints of refractory abscess on her left upper limb for 3 months. A physical examination on admission revealed low-grade fever and a subcutaneous abscess in her left forearm. Laboratory data suggested mild systemic inflammation and liver dysfunction, but no abnormalities of the immune system, including changes in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils, neutrophil phagocytic capacity, and natural killer (NK) cell activity, were observed. A human immunodeficiency virus test was also negative. Multiple modalities, including positron emission tomography-computed tomography, failed to detect any cause and focus of infection except her left upper limb. Streptococcus mitis and Prevotella buccae were detected from the wound, but no microorganisms were detected in a blood culture. The cellulitis promptly resolved; however, exacerbation of the subcutaneous abscess with polymicrobial bacteremia repeatedly occurred unexpectedly. Because of this puzzling clinical course, the possibility of self-injury was finally suspected. Three syringes with needles, with a turbid liquid, were found in our patient’s bag. Enterobacter cloacae and Enterococcus faecalis were detected in the liquid, and an analysis via repetitive element sequence-based polymerase chain reaction determined that Enterococcus faecalis in the wound and syringe contents were genetically identical. She was diagnosed as having Munchausen syndrome and treated with the collaboration of a psychiatrist. She finally confessed that she had injected her own saliva and toilet water into the drip line and wound. Conclusions This case report is valuable in that it is the first case in which this syndrome was diagnosed by a genetic method. Munchausen syndrome should not be neglected as a possible cause of refractory and recurrent infection.

Molecular typing of Lactobacillus brevis isolates from Korean food using repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
Anshul Sharma ◽  
Sulhee Lee ◽  
Young-Seo Park
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Repetitive Element ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Lactobacillus Brevis ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Lactobacillus brevis is a part of a large family of lactic acid bacteria that are present in cheese, sauerkraut, sourdough, silage, cow manure, feces, and the intestinal tract of humans and rats. It finds its use in food fermentation, and so is considered a “generally regarded as safe” organism. L. brevis strains are extensively used as probiotics and hence, there is a need for identifying and characterizing these strains. For identification and discrimination of the bacterial species at the subspecific level, repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction method is a reliable genomic fingerprinting tool. The objective of the present study was to characterize 13 strains of L. brevis isolated from various fermented foods using repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction. Repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction was performed using three primer sets, REP, Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC), and (GTG)5, which produced different fingerprinting patterns that enable us to distinguish between the closely related strains. Fingerprinting patterns generated band range in between 150 and 5000 bp with REP, 200–7500 bp with ERIC, and 250–2000 bp with (GTG)5 primers, respectively. The Jaccard’s dissimilarity matrices were used to obtain dendrograms by the unweighted neighbor-joining method using genetic dissimilarities based on repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting data. Repetitive element-polymerase chain reaction proved to be a rapid and easy method that can produce reliable results in L. brevis species.

scholarly journals Detection and Profiling of Antibiotic Resistance among Culturable Bacterial Isolates in Vended Food and Soil Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Susan W. Muriuki ◽  
Johnstone O. Neondo ◽  
Nancy L. M. Budambula
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The emergence and persistence of antibiotic resistance remain formidable health challenges. This study aimed at detecting and profiling antibiotic resistance of bacterial contaminants in vended food and the environment. Seventy antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates were isolated from fried fish, African sausages, roasted meat, smokies, samosa, chips (potato fries), vegetable salads, and soil samples collected from Embu Town and Kangaru Market in Embu County, Kenya. The antibiotic susceptibility test, morphological and biochemical characterization, antibiosis assay, polymerase chain reaction-based detection of antibiotic resistance genes, and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were done. Analysis of variance on all measured data was done, and Tukey’s honest test was used to compare and separate mean diameters of zones inhibition. Resistance of bacterial isolates to antibiotics was chloramphenicol (90%), cefotaxime (84.29%), nalidixic acid (81.43%), tetracycline (77.14%), amoxicillin (72.86%), gentamycin (48.57%), streptomycin (32.86%), and trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole (30%). Isolate KMP337, Salmonella spp., exhibited highly significant antibiosis against S. aureus recording a mean inhibition diameter and standard error (SE) of 16.33 ± 0.88 mm, respectively, at P=0.001. The 70 bacterial isolates belonged to Bacillus, Paraclostridium, Lysinibacillus, Virgibacillus, and Serratia genera. The study isolated Bacillus wiedmannii (KC75) which is a risk group 2 as well as Serratia marcescens (KMP95) and Bacillus anthracis (KS606) which are risk group 3 organisms. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes Tet A, BlaTEM, StrB, Dfr A, Amp, and FloR genes was confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction. Samples from Kangaru Market recorded a higher (88.57%) proportion of resistant isolates as compared to isolates from Embu Town (11.43%). The study confirmed the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in vended fast food and the soil in Embu Town and Kangaru Market. This study calls for continuous monitoring of bacterial status and hygienic handling of vended food.

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