scholarly journals A Shared Population of Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus 15 Circulates in Humans and Companion Animals

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewan M. Harrison ◽  
Lucy A. Weinert ◽  
Matthew T. G. Holden ◽  
John J. Welch ◽  
Katherine Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
One Health ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The One ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

ABSTRACTMethicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is a global human health problem causing infections in both hospitals and the community. Companion animals, such as cats, dogs, and horses, are also frequently colonized by MRSA and can become infected. We sequenced the genomes of 46 multilocus sequence type (ST) 22 MRSA isolates from cats and dogs in the United Kingdom and compared these to an extensive population framework of human isolates from the same lineage. Phylogenomic analyses showed that all companion animal isolates were interspersed throughout the epidemic MRSA-15 (EMRSA-15) pandemic clade and clustered with human isolates from the United Kingdom, with human isolates basal to those from companion animals, suggesting a human source for isolates infecting companion animals. A number of isolates from the same veterinary hospital clustered together, suggesting that as in human hospitals, EMRSA-15 isolates are readily transmitted in the veterinary hospital setting. Genome-wide association analysis did not identify any host-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or virulence factors. However, isolates from companion animals were significantly less likely to harbor a plasmid encoding erythromycin resistance. When this plasmid was present in animal-associated isolates, it was more likely to contain mutations mediating resistance to clindamycin. This finding is consistent with the low levels of erythromycin and high levels of clindamycin used in veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom. This study furthers the “one health” view of infectious diseases that the pathogen pool of human and animal populations are intrinsically linked and provides evidence that antibiotic usage in animal medicine is shaping the population of a major human pathogen.IMPORTANCEMethicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is major problem in human medicine. Companion animals, such as cats, dogs, and horses, can also become colonized and infected by MRSA. Here, we demonstrate that a shared population of an important and globally disseminated lineage of MRSA can infect both humans and companion animals without undergoing host adaptation. This suggests that companion animals might act as a reservoir for human infections. We also show that the isolates from companion animals have differences in the presence of certain antibiotic resistance genes. This study furthers the “one health” view of infectious diseases by demonstrating that the pool of MRSA isolates in the human and animal populations are shared and highlights how different antibiotic usage patterns between human and veterinary medicine can shape the population of bacterial pathogens.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Molecular Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in an Academic Veterinary Hospital

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (15) ◽  
pp. 5165-5174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Ishihara ◽  
Natsumi Shimokubo ◽  
Akie Sakagami ◽  
Hiroshi Ueno ◽  
Yasukazu Muramatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Veterinary Hospital

ABSTRACT Recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have been increasingly isolated from veterinarians and companion animals. With a view to preventing the spread of MRSA and MRSP, we evaluated the occurrence and molecular characteristics of each in a veterinary college. MRSA and MRSP were isolated from nasal samples from veterinarians, staff members, and veterinary students affiliated with a veterinary hospital. Using stepwise logistic regression, we identified two factors associated with MRSA carriage: (i) contact with an identified animal MRSA case (odds ratio [OR], 6.9; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.2 to 21.6) and (ii) being an employee (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.0 to 19.4). The majority of MRSA isolates obtained from individuals affiliated with the veterinary hospital and dog patients harbored spa type t002 and a type II staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), similar to the hospital-acquired MRSA isolates in Japan. MRSA isolates harboring spa type t008 and a type IV SCCmec were obtained from one veterinarian on three different sampling occasions and also from dog patients. MRSA carriers can also be a source of MRSA infection in animals. The majority of MRSP isolates (85.2%) carried hybrid SCCmec type II-III, and almost all the remaining MRSP isolates (11.1%) carried SCCmec type V. MRSA and MRSP were also isolated from environmental samples collected from the veterinary hospital (5.1% and 6.4%, respectively). The application of certain disinfection procedures is important for the prevention of nosocomial infection, and MRSA and MRSP infection control strategies should be adopted in veterinary medical practice.

scholarly journals Genomic and epidemiological evidence of a dominant Panton-Valentine leucocidin-positive Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineage in Sri Lanka with spread to the United Kingdom and Australia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. McTavish ◽  
S.J. Snow ◽  
E.C. Cook ◽  
B. Pichon ◽  
S. Coleman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
The United Kingdom

AbstractObjectiveTo undertake the first detailed genomic analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated in Sri Lanka.MethodsA prospective observational study was performed on 94 MRSA isolates collected over a four month period from the Anuradhapura Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Screening for mecA, mecC and the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL)-associated lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes and molecular characterisation by spa typing was undertaken. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analysis was performed on selected multilocus sequence type (MLST) clonal complex 5 (CC5) isolates from Sri Lanka, England, Australia and Argentina.ResultsAll 94 MRSA harboured the mecA gene. Nineteen spa types associated with nine MLST clonal complexes were identified. Most isolates were from skin and soft tissue infections (76.9%), with the remainder causing more invasive disease. Sixty two (65.9%) of isolates were PVL positive with the majority (56 isolates; 90.3%) belonging to a dominant CC5 lineage. This lineage, PVL-positive ST5-MRSA-IVc, was associated with community and hospital-onset infections. Based on WGS, representative PVL-positive ST5-MRSA-IVc isolates from Sri Lanka, England and Australia formed a single phylogenetic clade, suggesting wide geographical circulation.ConclusionsWe present the most detailed genomic analysis of MRSA isolated in Sri Lanka to date. The analysis identified a PVL-positive ST5-MRSA-IVc that dominates MRSA clinical infections in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, transmission of the strain has occurred in the United Kingdom and Australia.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus aureus Ex1, Isolated from a Patient with Spinal Osteomyelitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Morcrette ◽  
Marina S. Morgan ◽  
Audrey Farbos ◽  
Paul O’Neill ◽  
Karen Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Spinal Infection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Spinal Osteomyelitis

Here, we present the genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus Ex1, isolated in 2015 from a patient with spinal osteomyelitis at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital in the United Kingdom. The availability of the Ex1 genome sequence provides a resource for studying the basis for spinal infection and horizontal gene transfer in S. aureus.

scholarly journals Glycopeptide Intermediate Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) death in Scotland

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Dancer
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
First Line ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report ◽  
The United Kingdom

Laboratory tests have confirmed that a patient who died last week in a hospital in, Lanarkshire, Scotland, was infected with a Glycopeptide Intermediate Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (GISA) (1). GISA has increased resistance to first line antibiotics used for treating infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), namely, vancomycin and teicoplanin (2). This is the second report of an infection with this organism for Scotland, and possibly the first report in the United Kingdom of an associated death. (3).

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered from Humans, Environmental Surfaces, and Companion Animals in Households of Children with Community-Onset Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 6634-6637 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Morelli ◽  
Patrick G. Hogan ◽  
Melanie L. Sullivan ◽  
Carol E. Muenks ◽  
Jeffrey W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Surfaces ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Outpatient Settings ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles ◽  
Community Onset

ABSTRACTOur objective was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profiles ofStaphylococcus aureusisolates recovered from 110 households of children with community-onset methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA) infections. Cultures were obtained from household members, household objects, and dogs and cats, yielding 1,633S. aureusisolates. TheS. aureusisolates were heterogeneous, although more than half were methicillin resistant. The highest proportion of MRSA was found in bathrooms. The majority of isolates were susceptible to antibiotics prescribed in outpatient settings.

scholarly journals Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Harboring mecC Still Eludes Us in East London, United Kingdom

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ciesielczuk ◽  
M. Xenophontos ◽  
J. Lambourne
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Genetic Determinant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACT Reports of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) harboring the mecC gene have increased in the UK since first being described. To our diagnostic S. aureus multiplex PCR, a mecC primer set was designed and implemented, and then the prevalence in our patient population was investigated. Fewer than 1% of the clinical isolates possessed the mecC gene, confirming that mecA remains the dominant genetic determinant of MRSA in East London.

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