scholarly journals First Identification and Genomic Characterization of a Porcine Sapelovirus from Corsica, France, 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Géraldine Piorkowski ◽  
Lisandru Capai ◽  
Alessandra Falchi ◽  
François Casabianca ◽  
Oscar Maestrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Porcine Sapelovirus ◽  
German Isolate

We report the isolation and genomic characterization of a Sapelovirus A strain, or porcine sapelovirus (PSV), from a diarrheic Corsican piglet in France. It shares 87% nucleotide identity with a 2014 German isolate.

scholarly journals Genomic Characterization of a Prophage, Smhb1, That Infects Salinivibrio kushneri BNH Isolated from a Namib Desert Saline Spring

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2043
Author(s):  
Israel Olonade ◽  
Leonardo Joaquim van Zyl ◽  
Marla Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Gene Arrangement ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Namib Desert ◽  
Salt Pan ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Range Testing ◽  
Saline Spring

Recent years have seen the classification and reclassification of many viruses related to the model enterobacterial phage P2. Here, we report the identification of a prophage (Smhb1) that infects Salinivibrio kushneri BNH isolated from a Namib Desert salt pan (playa). Analysis of the genome revealed that it showed the greatest similarity to P2-like phages that infect Vibrio species and showed no relation to any of the previously described Salinivibrio-infecting phages. Despite being distantly related to these Vibrio infecting phages and sharing the same modular gene arrangement as seen in most P2-like viruses, the nucleotide identity to its closest relatives suggest that, for now, Smhb1 is the lone member of the Peduovirus genus Playavirus. Although host range testing was not extensive and no secondary host could be identified for Smhb1, genomic evidence suggests that the phage is capable of infecting other Salinivibrio species, including Salinivibrio proteolyticus DV isolated from the same playa. Taken together, the analysis presented here demonstrates how adaptable the P2 phage model can be.

scholarly journals Case Report and Genomic Characterization of a Novel Porcine Nodavirus in the United States

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Chenghuai Yang ◽  
Leyi Wang ◽  
Kent Schwartz ◽  
Eric Burrough ◽  
Jennifer Groeltz-Thrush ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Flock House Virus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Nodaviruses are small bisegmented RNA viruses belonging to the family Nodaviridae. Nodaviruses have been identified in different hosts, including insects, fishes, shrimps, prawns, dogs, and bats. A novel porcine nodavirus was first identified in the United States by applying next-generation sequencing on brain tissues of pigs with neurological signs, including uncontrollable shaking. RNA1 of the porcine nodavirus had the highest nucleotide identity (51.1%) to the Flock House virus, whereas its RNA2 shared the highest nucleotide identity (48%) with the RNA2 segment of caninovirus (Canine nodavirus). Genetic characterization classified porcine nodavirus as a new species under the genus Alphanodavirus. Further studies are needed to understand the pathogenicity and clinical impacts of this virus.

scholarly journals First Report on Co-isolation and Whole-genomic Characterization of Mammalian Orthorubulavirus 5 and Mammalian Orthoreovirus Type-3 From Domestic Pigs in India

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateh Singh ◽  
Katherukamem Rajukumar ◽  
Dhanapal Senthilkumar ◽  
Govindarajulu Venkatesh ◽  
Deepali Srivast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
S1 Gene ◽  
Mammalian Orthoreovirus ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Type 3

Abstract During a surveillance study to monitor porcine epidemic diarrohoea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus in India, a total of 1043 swine samples including faeces (n=264) and clotted blood (n=779) were collected and tested. Five samples (four faecal and one serum) showed cytopathic effects in Vero cells. Transmission electron microscopy of infective cell supernatant revealed the presence of two types of virions. Next generation sequencing (de novo) enabled complete genome assembly of Mammalian orthorubulavirus 5 (MRuV5; 15246 bp) and all 10 gene segments of Mammalian orthoreovirus (MRV; 22219 bp and 20512 bp). Genetic analysis of the MRuV5 revealed grouping of the Indian MRuV5 with those isolated from various mammalian species in South Korea and China, sharing more than 99% nucleotide identity. Deduced amino acid sequences of the HN, NP and F genes of MRuV5 isolates showed three (92L, 111R, 447H), two (86S, 121S) and two (139T, 246T) amino acid substitutions, respectively, compared to previously reported virus strains. The Indian MRV isolates were identified as MRV type-3 based on genetic analysis of S1 gene, showing the highest nucleotide identity (97.73%) with the MRV3 strain ZJ2013 isolated from pigs in China. Deduced amino acid sequences of MRV3 S1 gene revealed amino acid residues 198-204NLAIRLP, 249I, 340D, 419E known for sialic acid binding and neurotropism. We report the co-isolation and whole-genomic characterization of MRuV5 and MRV3 recorded incidentally for the first time from domestic pigs in India. It attracts attention to perform detailed surveillance studies and continuous monitoring of evolution and spread of emerging viruses, which may have pathogenic potential in animal and human hosts.

Genomic characterization of γ-terpinene synthase from Thymus caespititius

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Lima ◽  
B Lukas ◽  
J Novak ◽  
AC Figueiredo ◽  
LG Pedro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Characterization

Targeting IDH Mutations in AML: Wielding the Double-edged Sword of Differentiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 490-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin S. Becker ◽  
Amir T. Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Cellular Metabolism ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
New Class ◽  
Regulatory Enzymes ◽  
Idh Mutations ◽  
Genomic Characterization

The genomic characterization of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by DNA sequencing has illuminated subclasses of the disease, with distinct driver mutations, that might be responsive to targeted therapies. Approximately 15-23% of AML genomes harbor mutations in one of two isoforms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 or IDH2). These enzymes are constitutive mediators of basic cellular metabolism, but their mutated forms in cancer synthesize an abnormal metabolite, 2- hydroxyglutarate, that in turn acts as a competitive inhibitor of multiple gene regulatory enzymes. As a result, leukemic IDH mutations cause changes in genome structure and gene activity, culminating in an arrest of normal myeloid differentiation. These discoveries have motivated the development of a new class of selective small molecules with the ability to inhibit the mutant IDH enzymes while sparing normal cellular metabolism. These agents have shown promising anti-leukemic activity in animal models and early clinical trials, and are now entering Phase 3 study. This review will focus on the growing preclinical and clinical data evaluating IDH inhibitors for the treatment of IDH-mutated AML. These data suggest that inducing cellular differentiation is central to the mechanism of clinical efficacy for IDH inhibitors, while also mediating toxicity for patients who experience IDH Differentiation Syndrome. Ongoing trials are studying the efficacy of IDH inhibitors in combination with other AML therapies, both to evaluate potential synergistic combinations as well as to identify the appropriate place for IDH inhibitors within existing standard-of-care regimens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document