scholarly journals Functional and Taxonomic Effects of Organic Amendments on the Restoration of Semiarid Quarry Soils

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Miralles ◽  
Raúl Ortega ◽  
André M. Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Vegetable Wastes ◽  
Taxonomic Changes

The restoration of soils impacted by human activities poses specific challenges regarding the reestablishment of functional microbial communities which will further support the reintroduction of plant species. Organic fertilizers, originating from either treated sewage or vegetable wastes, have shown promise in restoration experiments; however, we still do not have a clear understanding of the functional and taxonomic changes that occur during these treatments.

Remediation of heavy metal polluted soil by utilizing organic amendments and two plant species (Ailanthus altissima and Melia azedarach)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mohebzadeh ◽  
Babak Motesharezadeh ◽  
Mohammad Jafari ◽  
Salman Zare ◽  
Maryam Saffari Aman
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Melia Azedarach

Alkaline soil pH affects bulk soil, rhizosphere and root endosphere microbiomes of plants growing in a Sandhills ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Dantas Lopes ◽  
Jingjie Hao ◽  
Daniel P Schachtman
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Soil Rhizosphere

ABSTRACT Soil pH is a major factor shaping bulk soil microbial communities. However, it is unclear whether the belowground microbial habitats shaped by plants (e.g. rhizosphere and root endosphere) are also affected by soil pH. We investigated this question by comparing the microbial communities associated with plants growing in neutral and strongly alkaline soils in the Sandhills, which is the largest sand dune complex in the northern hemisphere. Bulk soil, rhizosphere and root endosphere DNA were extracted from multiple plant species and analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results showed that rhizosphere, root endosphere and bulk soil microbiomes were different in the contrasting soil pH ranges. The strongest impact of plant species on the belowground microbiomes was in alkaline soils, suggesting a greater selective effect under alkali stress. Evaluation of soil chemical components showed that in addition to soil pH, cation exchange capacity also had a strong impact on shaping bulk soil microbial communities. This study extends our knowledge regarding the importance of pH to microbial ecology showing that root endosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities were also influenced by this soil component, and highlights the important role that plants play particularly in shaping the belowground microbiomes in alkaline soils.

Soil microbial communities alter leaf chemistry and influence allelopathic potential among coexisting plant species

Oecologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Meiners ◽  
Kelsey K. Phipps ◽  
Thomas H. Pendergast ◽  
Thomas Canam ◽  
Walter P. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Leaf Chemistry ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals Cambios edáficos provocados por el uso de abonos de origen natural en una región cafetalera de Veracruz, México.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 351
Author(s):  
Rufo Sánchez-Hernández ◽  
Luisa Vásquez-Montiel ◽  
Eduardo Valdés-Velarde ◽  
Juan de Dios Mendoza-Palacios ◽  
Ulises López-Noverola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Lime Tree ◽  
Coffee Yield ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Organic Coffee ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Mexico is an important producer of organic coffee worldwide. A sector of coffee growers in the municipality of Ixhuatlán del Café, Veracruz, Mexico, use organic amendments as edaphic improvers. Hypothetically, the contributions of these organic fertilizers cause edaphic changes that improve coffee production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine changes in soil chemical fertility caused by incorporating fertilizer mixtures made from organic sources, as well as their contribution to improving yield. To verify this hypothesis, four organic fertilizers formulated from dolomite lime, coffee pulp (PC), biol (fermented liquid fertilizer) and a soil improver called PSD® were added to a Cromic Luvisol (cutanic) soil. After three, six and nine months, the contribution of the treatments to the soil variables organic matter, pH, electrical conductivity, nitrogen, phosphorus, and interchangeable bases (K, Ca, Mg, Na) were determined. In parallel, yield was evaluated. The results indicate that six months after application of the treatments, the greatest depletion of the organic sources added occurs, coinciding with a greater release of the nutrients. The dose of 300 g of dolomite lime tree-1 supplied (Treatment 1) was insuff icient to neutralize the strong initial soil acidity (pH 4.3). The coffee pulp and biol utilized are organic fertilizers that, because of their C: N ratio of less than 16, are of rapid mineralization and slightly increased levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and interchangeable bases, reaching only low or moderately low levels. The dolomite lime and PCD® of Treatment 4 improved the pH, Ca and Mg, although these changes are not reflected in increased coffee yield.

scholarly journals Type of organic fertilizer rather than organic amendment per se increases abundance of soil biota

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11204
Author(s):  
Maria Viketoft ◽  
Laura G.A. Riggi ◽  
Riccardo Bommarco ◽  
Sara Hallin ◽  
Astrid R. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Wide Range

Addition of organic amendments is a commonly used practice to offset potential loss of soil organic matter from agricultural soils. The aim of the present study was to examine how long-term addition of organic matter affects the abundance of different soil biota across trophic levels and the role that the quality of the organic amendments plays. Here we used a 17-year-old fertilization experiment to investigate soil biota responses to four different organic fertilizers, compared with two mineral nitrogen fertilizers and no fertilization, where the organic fertilizers had similar carbon content but varied in their carbon to nitrogen ratios. We collected soil samples and measured a wide range of organisms belonging to different functional groups and trophic levels of the soil food web. Long-term addition of organic and mineral fertilizers had beneficial effects on the abundances of most soil organisms compared with unfertilized soil, but the responses differed between soil biota. The organic fertilizers generally enhanced bacteria and earthworms. Fungi and nematodes responded positively to certain mineral and organic fertilizers, indicating that multiple factors influenced by the fertilization may affect these heterogeneous groups. Springtails and mites were less affected by fertilization than the other groups, as they were present at relatively high abundances even in the unfertilized treatment. However, soil pH had a great influence on springtail abundance. In summary, the specific fertilizer was more important in determining the numerical and compositional responses of soil biota than whether it was mineral or organic. Overall, biennial organic amendments emerge as insufficient, by themselves, to promote soil organisms in the long run, and would need to be added annually or combined with other practices affecting soil quality, such as no or reduced tillage and other crop rotations, to have a beneficial effect.

The Influence of Compost Amendments on Bioaccumulation of Potentially Toxic Elements by Pea Plant Cultivated in Mine Degraded Soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Muhammad Azhar Shah ◽  
Mehboob Alam ◽  
Anwarzeb Khan ◽  
Muhammad Amjad Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Mining Soils

Abstract Potential toxic metals (PTEs) accumulation in soil and water is one of the major sources of food crop contamination. PTEs remediation from soil can be enhanced by addition of organic matter to the growing media. An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different organic amendments on the accumulation of PTEs in pea plant grown on mine degraded soils. Mining soils from chromite mine (CM), soap stone mine (SSM), manganese mine (MM) and quartz mine (QM) were mixed with vermicompost (VC), leaf mould (LC) and spent mushroom compost (SMC) along with garden soil at 1:1:1 ratio. Various growth and yield related attributes of pea plant as well as PTEs concentrations in soil and plants were studied. The highest Cd (2.62 mg kg−1) and Cr (13.6 mg kg−1) concentration was reported in CM soil, while Pb (23.3 mg kg−1) and Mn (59.2 mg kg−1) concentration in SSM and MM soil, respectively. Mining soils significantly reduced the plant growth and yield, while organic amendments reduced the PTEs availability and increased pea plant growth. Comparing the various organic fertilizers used, it was observed that VC efficiently reduced Cd, Cr, Pb and Mn uptake by pea plant, subsequently, improved pea plant growth. In order to assess the effects of various amendments on PTEs health risk reduction various risk indices including, plant trafser factor, average daily intake, health risk, target hazard quotient and target cancer risk were also calculated and the results revealed that application of compost particularly VC significantly reduced the dietary intake and health risks of PTEs.

scholarly journals Bio-organic fertilizers stimulate indigenous soil Pseudomonas populations to enhance plant disease suppression

Microbiome ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Tao ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Wu Xiong ◽  
Zongzhuan Shen ◽  
Shanshan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Bioorganic Fertilizer

Abstract Background Plant diseases caused by fungal pathogen result in a substantial economic impact on the global food and fruit industry. Application of organic fertilizers supplemented with biocontrol microorganisms (i.e. bioorganic fertilizers) has been shown to improve resistance against plant pathogens at least in part due to impacts on the structure and function of the resident soil microbiome. However, it remains unclear whether such improvements are driven by the specific action of microbial inoculants, microbial populations naturally resident to the organic fertilizer or the physical-chemical properties of the compost substrate. The aim of this study was to seek the ecological mechanisms involved in the disease suppressive activity of bio-organic fertilizers. Results To disentangle the mechanism of bio-organic fertilizer action, we conducted an experiment tracking Fusarium wilt disease of banana and changes in soil microbial communities over three growth seasons in response to the following four treatments: bio-organic fertilizer (containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens W19), organic fertilizer, sterilized organic fertilizer and sterilized organic fertilizer supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens W19. We found that sterilized bioorganic fertilizer to which Bacillus was re-inoculated provided a similar degree of disease suppression as the non-sterilized bioorganic fertilizer across cropping seasons. We further observed that disease suppression in these treatments is linked to impacts on the resident soil microbial communities, specifically by leading to increases in specific Pseudomonas spp.. Observed correlations between Bacillus amendment and indigenous Pseudomonas spp. that might underlie pathogen suppression were further studied in laboratory and pot experiments. These studies revealed that specific bacterial taxa synergistically increase biofilm formation and likely acted as a plant-beneficial consortium against the pathogen. Conclusion Together we demonstrate that the action of bioorganic fertilizer is a product of the biocontrol inoculum within the organic amendment and its impact on the resident soil microbiome. This knowledge should help in the design of more efficient biofertilizers designed to promote soil function.

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