ABSTRACTA series of 100Staphylococcus aureusisolates ascribed to sequence type 398 (ST398) and recovered from different sources (healthy carrier and diseased pigs, dust from pig farms, milk, and meat) in Germany were investigated for their virulence and antimicrobial resistance genetic background. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. Virulence and resistance determinants (37 and 31 genes, respectively) were tested by PCR. Only two virulence profiles, including the accessory gene regulatoragrIand three or four hemolysin-encoding genes, were detected. In contrast, 33 resistance profiles were distinguished (only 11 were shown by more than one isolate). Fifty-nine isolates were multiresistant (four or more antimicrobial classes), and 98 were methicillin resistant (mecApositive). All of the ST398 isolates showed resistance to tetracycline [encoded bytet(M) alone or together withtet(K) and/ortet(L)]. In addition, 98% were resistant to other antimicrobials, including macrolide-lincosamine-streptogramin B (70%, encoded byermA,ermB, andermC, alone or in combination), trimethoprim (65%, mostly due todfrKanddfrG), kanamycin and gentamicin [29% and 14%, respectively, mainly related toaac(6′)-Ie-aph(2″)-Iaand/orant(4′)-Iabut also toaph(3′)-IIIa], chloramphenicol (9%,fexAorcfr), quinupristin-dalfopristin (9%), ciprofloxacin (8%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (4%). The heterogeneity of the resistance profiles underlines the ability of the ST398 clone to acquire multiple antimicrobial resistance genes. However, the virulence gene content of the tested isolates was low. Continuous surveillance is needed to clarify whether its pathogenicity potential for animals and humans will increase over time.