Degradation of N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi, and Clavibacter michiganensis sps. sepedonicus Bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
L. E. Makarova ◽  
A. S. Morits ◽  
N. A. Sokolova ◽  
I. G. Petrova ◽  
A. A. Semenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis

scholarly journals Regulation of the activity of adenylate cyclases by hydrogen peroxide in pea root cells Infected with pathogens and a mutualist

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-458
Author(s):  
O. V. Kuzakova ◽  
L. A. Lomovatskaya ◽  
A. S. Romanenko ◽  
A. M. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Plant Signaling ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Pea Root

This study examines the effect of a range of exogenous concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on the activity of transmembrane and soluble adenylate cyclases (EC 4.6.1.1) contained in root cells of pea seedlings infected with one of the following: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Viciae, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Pisi, and Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus. The results showed that the pool of intracellular H2O2 increased when pea roots were infected with bacteria regardless of type. The study analysed the concentration of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate, a product of the adenosine triphosphate cyclization reaction catalyzed by transmembrane and soluble adenylate cyclases. The concentration of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate increased when infected with either Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae or Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. Sepedonicus; however, the concentration decreased by 20% when infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv. Pisi. The in vitro activity of soluble and transmembrane adenylate cyclases from pea root cells inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae was H2O2 dose-dependent: 100 nM of H2O2 reduced the activity of soluble and transmembrane adenylate cyclases slightly, while 26 µM inhibited their activity by 50–60%. When infected with Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi, the reduction in the activity of soluble and transmembrane adenylate cyclases was independent of the concentrations of H2O2 in the range investigated. When infected with Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus, 100 nM of H2O2 inhibited the activity of transmembrane adenylate cyclases, although enhancing the activity of soluble adenylate cyclases. On the contrary, concentrations of H2O2 of 2.6 and 26 µM increased the activity of transmembrane adenylate cyclases and inhibited the activity of soluble adenylate cyclases. It can be concluded that the specific concentration of second messengers in plant cells depends on the specificity of the biotic stressor and forms, inter alia, by their mutual influence on the components of other plant signaling systems.

АКТИВНОСТЬ АДЕНИЛАТЦИКЛАЗ И ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ ЦАМФ В КЛЕТКАХ КОРНЯ ПРОРОСТКОВ ГОРОХА ПРИ ИНФИЦИРОВАНИИ МУТУАЛИСТАМИ И ФИТОПАТОГЕНАМИ, "Физиология растений"

2018 ◽  
pp. 310-320
Author(s):  
Л.А. Ломоватская ◽  
О.В. Кузакова ◽  
А.С. Романенко ◽  
А.М. Гончарова
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis

Изучали интенсивность сорбции азотфиксирующего симбионта, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. vicea (Rlv), а также специфического, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi (Psp), и неспецифического, Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus (Cms), фитопатогенов, в различных зонах корня проростка гороха. Ранее установлено, что эти зоны (I - меристема 2 мм; II зона без корневых волосков - 27 мм; III зона, содержащая зачатки корневых волосков 712 мм; IV зона молодых корневых волосков - 1217 мм; V зона закончивших рост корневых волосков -1722 мм от кончика корня) отличались по чувствительности к Rlv. При этом исследовали реакцию отдельных компонентов аденилатциклазной сигнальной системы (АСС): изменение концентрации циклического аденозинмонофосфата (цАМФ), активности трансмембранной аденилатциклазы (тАЦ) и растворимой аденилатциклазы (рАЦ) в тех же зонах корня гороха через различные промежутки времени инфицирования (5, 15, 120 и 360 мин). Показано, что степень активации отдельных компонентов АСС клеток различных зон корня проростков гороха не зависела от интенсивности сорбции бактерий разной специализации. Под воздействием Rlv характер изменения активности тАЦ и рАЦ практически совпадал в различных зонах корня гороха и был близок к динамике изменения уровня цАМФ в тех же условиях. При контакте с Psp изменение уровня цАМФ было схоже с аналогичным показателем при инфицировании Rlv, а динамика тАЦ и рАЦ в большинстве случаев имела противоположную направленность. При контакте с Cms, несмотря на отсутствие сорбции, происходило повышение уровня цАМФ и наблюдалась активация тАЦ и рАЦ. Предполагается, что изменение активности упомянутых компонентов АСС связано с экзометаболитами Rlv, Psp и Cms, которые активируют PAMP-индуцированный иммунитет клеток проростков гороха. Одинаковая динамика цАМФ в различных зонах корня проростков гороха под воздействием Rlv и Psp отражает специфическую реакцию и имеет, вероятно, различную функцию: при контакте с Rlv - регуляторную, с Psp - защитную. При кратковременном воздействии Cms динамика изменения цАМФ в тех же зонах корня носит неспецифический характер, и, возможно, связана с интенсивностью поглощения экзополисахаридов (ЭПС) корневыми волосками. Системная реакция АСС наблюдалась также в гипокотиле проростков под воздействием всех трех микроорганизмов.

scholarly journals Bakterijske i virusne bolesti rajčice i paprike u Hrvatskoj

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Dario Ivić
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Tomato Spotted Wilt ◽  
Wilt Virus

U proteklih nekoliko godina u Hrvatskoj su zabilježene relativno visoke štete od pojedinih bakterijskih i virusnih bolesti u proizvodnji rajčice i paprike. Uzročnici tih bolesti bile su bakterije Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato i Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis te virusi Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) i Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). U članku su ukratko opisani spomenuti patogeni, njihovo širenje te mjere zaštite.

scholarly journals Comparative Dynamics of Adherent and Nonadherent Bacterial Populations on Maize Leaves

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwyn A. Beattie ◽  
Lise M. Marcell
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Adherence ◽  
Cuticular Wax ◽  
Adherent Cells ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Survival And Growth

The dynamics of the adherent and nonadherent populations of three bacterial species on maize leaves were examined to identify the extent to which bacteria adhere to leaves and the importance of this adhesion to leaf colonization. Pantoea agglomerans strain BRT98, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis strain GH2390, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strain HS191R all rapidly adhered to maize leaves following inoculation, but differed in the percentage of cells that adhered to the leaves. Immediately following inoculation, the percentage of adherent cells was highest for the saprophyte P. agglomerans (8 to 10%) and was much lower for the pathogens C. michiganensis subsp. nebras-kensis and P. syringae pv. syringae (2 to 3 and <1%, respectively), although the results for P. syringae pv. syringae HS191R were based on only one experiment. In the 4 days following inoculation, the percentage of the P. agglomerans populations that adhered to the leaves increased to approximately 70%. Similarly, the percentage of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis and P. syringae pv. syringae cells that resisted removal steadily increased in the days following inoculation, although these increases probably reflected both adherence and localization to endophytic sites. Based on differences in the percentage of cells adhering to several cuticular wax mutants of maize, the rapid adherence of C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis cells to maize leaves was influenced by the cuticular wax properties, while the rapid adherence of P. agglomerans was not. Finally, bacterial adherence to leaves was advantageous to P. agglomerans survival and growth on leaves based on the finding that the nonadherent populations of the P. agglomerans strain decreased significantly more than did the adherent populations in the 24 h following inoculation, and increased much less than did the adherent populations over the next 3 days. Similar results with the C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis and P. syringae pv. syringae strains indicate that bacterial adherence to leaves, bacterial movement to endophytic sites, or both were advantageous to the survival and growth of these strains on leaves.

scholarly journals Formation of phthalates during the degradation of N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine by soil bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
L. E. Makarova ◽  
A. S. Morits ◽  
N. A. Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Negative Effect

N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine (N-PNA) and phthalates are classified as antibiotic substances. The appearance and accumulation of these substances in the biosphere is associated with their technogenic and biogenic origin (metabolites of plants and bacteria). In this article, we compare the degrading action of such soil bacteria as Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi, Clavibacter michiganensis sps. Sepedonicus and Azotobacter chroococcum against N-PNA. These bacteria differ in their interaction with pea plants (Pisum sativum L.) synthesising N-PNA. The degradation products were studied using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in ethyl acetate extracts obtained from culture liquid media, in which N-PNA at a concentration of 10 μM and the bacteria under study were introduced. The decrease in the N-PNA concentration in the extracts obtained using ethyl acetate from culture media, in which N-PNA had been added to a concentration of 100 μM, was monitored following two days of bacterial growth using the methods of high-performance liquid chromatography. It was shown that all the studied bacterial species are capable of degrading N-PNA with the formation of phthalates. The Rhizobium bacteria, endosymbionts of pea plants synthesising N-PNA, and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the Azotobacter genus showed the highest degrading activity. It was found that N-PNA reduced the viability of all types of bacteria, although to a varying degree. N-PNA had the most negative effect on the viability of the Azotobacter genus, although these bacteria showed a high degrading action against N-PNA. The dependence between the negative effect of NPNA on bacterial viability and the N-PNA concentration was mildly pronounced for Rhizobium and Pseudomonas, although being significant for Bradyrhizobium and Clavibacter.

scholarly journals EFEITO ANTIBIÓTICO DO PRÓPOLIS SOBRE BACTÉRIAS FITOPATOGÊNICAS

1998 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. BIANCHINI ◽  
I.P. BEDENDO
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Erwinia Chrysanthemi ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp

O efeito antibiótico de extrato aquoso de própolis, em várias concentrações, foi avaliado para cinco espécies de bactérias fitopatogênicas. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis e Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli foram completamente inibidas em meio de cultura contendo 10% de extrato de própolis. Erwinia chrysanthemi foi parcialmente inibida, enquanto Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci se mostrou insensível ao extrato, desenvolvendo colônias idênticas àquelas observadas em meios livres de própolis. Concentrações menores não foram suficientes para exercer um efeito antimicrobiano desejável sobre as bactérias pertencentes a todas as espécies testadas. Resultados idênticos foram obtidos quando própolis foi incorporado ao meio antes ou após a autoclavagem, demonstrando que a substância ativa presente no extrato não é termosensível. Foi demonstrado, portanto, o uso potencial do própolis como antibiótico para o controle de bactérias fitopatogênicas.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to indigenous bacterial and Monilinia laxa isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Tamara Janakiev ◽  
Nikola Unkovic ◽  
Ivica Dimkic ◽  
Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic ◽  
Tatjana Stevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Lower Severity

The susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to pathogens originating from their phyllosphere was evaluated by inoculating detached young leaves and mature fruits. The virulence of indigenous isolates of the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas congelans, Erwinia persicina, Clavibacter michiganensis and Rhizobium nepotum was tested on detached leaves of four Serbian plum cultivars (Ranka, Pozegaca, Cacanska lepotica and Cacanska rodna). The Pseudomonas syringae isolates formed intense symptoms within 48 hours on all tested cultivars with severity index values in the range of 41 - 47%. The other isolates had significantly lower severity values or no symptoms were developed. This study demonstrates for the first time pathogenicity of Pseudomonas congelans on plum, with symptom intensity not significantly different from P. syringae after 96 h of incubation. Virulence of Monilinia laxa isolates was tested on mature fruit of the Cacanska rodna and Pozegaca cultivars and was detected in both of them. Higher susceptibility to M. laxa was recorded for the Pozegaca cultivar, with a fruit infection rate between 43 and 66%. In the case of the Rodna cultivar, no statistically significant difference in the fruit infection rate was detected between the four tested M. laxa isolates. These data indicate significant susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to indigenous P. syringae and M. laxa isolates.

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