scholarly journals Susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to indigenous bacterial and Monilinia laxa isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Tamara Janakiev ◽  
Nikola Unkovic ◽  
Ivica Dimkic ◽  
Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic ◽  
Tatjana Stevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Monilinia Laxa ◽  
Clavibacter Michiganensis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Lower Severity

The susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to pathogens originating from their phyllosphere was evaluated by inoculating detached young leaves and mature fruits. The virulence of indigenous isolates of the bacteria Pseudomonas syringae, Pseudomonas congelans, Erwinia persicina, Clavibacter michiganensis and Rhizobium nepotum was tested on detached leaves of four Serbian plum cultivars (Ranka, Pozegaca, Cacanska lepotica and Cacanska rodna). The Pseudomonas syringae isolates formed intense symptoms within 48 hours on all tested cultivars with severity index values in the range of 41 - 47%. The other isolates had significantly lower severity values or no symptoms were developed. This study demonstrates for the first time pathogenicity of Pseudomonas congelans on plum, with symptom intensity not significantly different from P. syringae after 96 h of incubation. Virulence of Monilinia laxa isolates was tested on mature fruit of the Cacanska rodna and Pozegaca cultivars and was detected in both of them. Higher susceptibility to M. laxa was recorded for the Pozegaca cultivar, with a fruit infection rate between 43 and 66%. In the case of the Rodna cultivar, no statistically significant difference in the fruit infection rate was detected between the four tested M. laxa isolates. These data indicate significant susceptibility of Serbian plum cultivars to indigenous P. syringae and M. laxa isolates.

scholarly journals 1005 Antibiotic-Impregnated Calcium Sulfate Beads Are Not Effective in the Primary Prevention of Infection in Open Femur and Tibia Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fung ◽  
A Ward ◽  
K Patel ◽  
M Krkovic
Keyword(s):  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Open Fractures ◽  
Prevention Of Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tibia Fractures ◽  
Systemic Antibiotics

Abstract Introduction Infection is a major complication of open fractures. Antibiotic-impregnated calcium sulfate (AICS) beads are widely used as an adjuvant to systemic antibiotics. Whilst their efficacy in the secondary prevention of infection is established, we present the first retrospective study evaluating AICS beads in the primary prevention of infection in open fractures. Method 214 open femur and tibia fractures in 207 patients were reviewed over a seven-year period. 148 fractures received only systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. 66 fractures also received AICS beads. The occurrence of acute infection (wound infection and acute osteomyelitis) was recorded, as well as that of long-term complications (chronic osteomyelitis, non-union and death). Results Fractures that received AICS with systemic antibiotics had an overall acute infection rate of 42% (28/66), compared to 43% (63/148) in fractures that received only systemic antibiotics (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in infection rate even when fractures were stratified by Gustilo-Anderson grade. There was also no significant difference in the rate of long-term complications. Conclusions Our results indicate that the adjuvant use of AICS beads is not effective for the primary prevention of acute infection or long-term complications in open leg fractures. Further research is needed to elucidate the factors influencing the outcomes of AICS use.

386 An Exploratory Study of Bedtime Procrastination and Emotional Regulation Strategies in Insomnia compared to healthy individuals

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A153-A153
Author(s):  
Goeun Kim ◽  
Hyojin Nam ◽  
Huisu Jeon ◽  
Sooyeon Suh
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bedtime Procrastination

Abstract Introduction Bedtime Procrastination (BP) is defined as the behavior of voluntarily delaying going to bed, without having external reasons for doing so. Recent research on procrastination behavior suggests that when negative emotions are elevated, procrastination behaviors can be triggered in order to find pleasure to avoid and alleviate them. Procrastination can also occur when there is difficulty regulating emotions. In addition, the reason for bedtime procrastination may be different depending on whether the individuals present with insomnia. According to previous studies, patients with insomnia may exhibit more pronounced negative avoidance of bedtime due to prolonged sleeplessness. Therefore, this study compared the difference between of the bedtime procrastination and the emotional regulation strategies between the insomnia group and the healthy group. Methods This study was conducted in 582 adults (mean age 23.06 ±2.16 years), 81.6% females. Individuals scoring higher than 15 on the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were classified into the insomnia group (n=375), and those less than 15 were classified into the healthy group (n=207). Participants completed the Bedtime Procrastination Scale (BPS), Emotional Regulation Strategies Checklist. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi square test, and independent t tests. Results The insomnia group had significantly higher bedtime procrastination scores than the healthy group (t=-6.241, p<.001), and also the avoidant/distractive regulation style score was significantly higher (t=-1.969, p<.05). In addition, the score of active regulation style was significantly lower in the insomnia group than in the healthy group (t=3.050, p<.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the support-seeking regulation style. Conclusion Based on these results, it was confirmed that there was a difference in the bedtime procrastination and the emotional regulation strategies between the insomnia group and the healthy group. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2018S1A5A8026807)

Biological control of Fusarium wilt of cucumber with nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Paulitz ◽  
C. S. Park ◽  
R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cucumber Roots ◽  
Linear Regressions

Nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum were obtained from surface-disinfested, symptomless cucumber roots grown in two raw (nonautoclaved) soils. These isolates were screened for pathogenicity and biological control activity against Fusarium wilt of cucumber in raw soil infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (F.o.c.). The influence of three isolates effective in inducing suppressiveness and three ineffective isolates on disease incidence over time was tested. The effective isolates reduced the infection rate (R), based on linear regressions of data transformed to loge (1/1 – y). Effective isolate C5 was added to raw soil infested with various inoculum densities of F.o.c. In treatments without C5, the increase in inoculum densities of F.o.c. decreased the incubation period of wilt disease, but there was no significant difference in infection rate among the inoculum density treatments. Isolate C5 reduced the infection rate at all inoculum densities of F.o.c. Various inoculum densities of C5 were added to raw soils infested with 1000 cfu/g of F.o.c. In the first trial, infection rates were reduced only in the treatment with 10 000 cfu/g of C5; in the second trial, infection rates were reduced in treatments with 10 000 and 30 000 cfu/g of C5.

scholarly journals A New Bacterial Disease on Bluberry (Vaccinium Corymbosum) Caused by Pseudomonas Spp.

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kałużna ◽  
Joanna Puławska ◽  
Beata Meszka
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Pectolytic Activity ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
First Time

Abstract In 2011, leaf spot disease was observed on the blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) cv. Nelson growing on a commercial field located in Central Poland. The disease symptoms could be seen as russet brown, irregular spots. The diameter of the spots was 0.3-0.5 cm, and the spots often coalesced. From these leaf spots, a fluorescent bacterium was repeatedly isolated in almost pure culture. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers Ps-for and Ps-rev, specific for Pseudomonas spp. confirmed that they belong to this genus. Based on LOPAT tests [levan production from sucrose (L), presence of oxidase (O), pectolytic activity on potato (P), the presence of arginine dihydrolase (A), hypersensitivity reaction on tobacco (T)], 6 isolates were classified to the LOPAT group Ib - group of Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi and Pseudomonas delphini, and one isolate to group Ia - P. syringae. All isolates caused a hypersensitivity reaction on tobacco plants, and symptoms similar to those under natural conditions, when young leaves of blueberry cv. Nelson were inoculated. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and rpoB genes showed the highest similarity of 6 studied strains to the species P. avellanae. Further taxonomic study is necessary to enable definitive classification of these isolates. It is the first time that a bacterial disease caused by the Pseudomonas spp. was observed in Poland.

scholarly journals The Effect of Systemic Methotrexate and Cyclosporine Combination Therapy inPsoriasis Vulgaris Patients in Bandung, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Oki Suwarsa ◽  
Fatima Aulia Khairani ◽  
Syawalika Ulya Isneny ◽  
Erda Avriyanti ◽  
Hartati Purbo Dharmadji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Dermatology Clinic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pasi Score

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) and cyclosporine have been used as effective systemic mono-therapy for psoriasis. Several factors are considered to switch monotherapy to combination therapy because monotherapy is no longer effective and has higher side effects. Hence,clinicians have avoided systemic therapy combinations due to its toxicity. However, some studies showed that this combination therapy could be usedeffectively for psoriasis patients. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and adverse effects of systemic MTX and cyclosporine combination therapy in Indonesian psoriasis vulgaris patients. Methods: The retrospective study assessed the effectiveness of 3 monthsmono-therapyand combination therapy of systemic MTX and cyclosporine in psoriasisvulgaris patients from 2016–2017 in Dermatology Clinic, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Result: Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score 90 were achieved in the group MTX (50%) and cyclosporine group (50%), while none in the combination group.However, eight patients (50%) in group MTX and cyclosporine reached the primary endpoint of PASI 50. One patient in cyclosporine group had adverse effects on kidney profiles. Nonetheless, other patients had no biochemical changes. But, there was no significant difference in the change of PASI between each group (p=0.102). Conclusion: We propose that combination therapy of MTX and cyclosporine is relatively safe and efficacious in treating Indonesian psoriasis vulgaris patients. This combination treatment isas effective as MTX or cyclosporinemono-therapy.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus infection rate, distribution characteristics, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Shen ◽  
Jing Xia ◽  
Hui hui Li ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
San ping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract BackgroundThe incidence rate of cervical cancer is increasing yearly. The persistent infection of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main factor leading to cervical cancer. HPV infection is double peak type. This study aimed at analyzing the HPV distribution characteristics, infection rate, and risk of age in pre- and postmenopausal women. So as to provide reference for the prevention of HPV infection and cervical cancer screening strategy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 4614 women who underwent cervical cytology, and HPV examination from January 2018 to October 2019 at the healthcare department of Wuhan Union Hospital was done. We explored the characteristics and distribution of HPV infections around the menopause, then comparing the infection rate of HPV in postmenopause and over 65 years old, in order to analyze the influence of different ages on HPV infection.ResultsGenerally, the HPV infection rate was 13.10% (539 / 4115), whereby the high-risk subtype constituted 73.84% (398 / 539) of all positive cases. On the other hand, the HPV39 infection was more common in postmenopausal women; however, there was no significant difference in the distribution of the other types in the pre- and postmenopausal women (Insert p value). The first four subtypes were 52 / 53 / 58 / 16, respectively. The infection rate of HPV in patients with lower genital tract inflammation was significantly higher, P = 0.000, 95% CI: 1.911 (1.416, 2.580) compared with those without lower genital tract inflammation. The results further showed that there was no significant difference between pre- and postmenopausal women in terms of HPV infection rate, but more susceptible to high-risk HPV infection after the age of 65 (P = 0.041). Except for 40 years old to menopause, the infection rate of high-risk HPV in this age group was different from that in postmenopause(P = 0.023,0.729(0.555,0.957)), other age groups had no significant effect on high-risk HPV infection.ConclusionsIt was concluded that whether menopause has nothing to do with HPV infection. Moreover, the infection rate of high-risk HPV increases after 65 years of age; hence the cutoff screening age should be appropriately prolonged.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals El componente racial influencia la resistencia a la infección con el virus de la leucosis bovina

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Úsuga-Monroy ◽  
José Julian Echeverri ◽  
Albeiro López-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vesicular Stomatitis

The bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that primarily affects dairy cattle, reducing milk production between 2.5 and 5%. The Colombian Blanco Orejinegro (BON) is a well-adapted, rustic, creole breed resistant to in vitro infections of Foot-and-mouth disease virus and vesicular stomatitis virus, as well as to Brucella abortus. This study aimed to determine if the crossing of BON and Holstein breeds is resistant to infection by BLV. Blood samples of 124 individuals (59 Holstein, 40 BON, and 25 BON x HOL) of the same herd were taken. The DNA was extracted, and a nested PCR was performed related to a region of the env gene of BLV. A fragment of 444 bp was obtained for positives animals. The molecular in-herd prevalence was 33% for BLV. A significant difference for BLV infection was found among the groups (p<0.05). The infection rate for the Holstein group was 55.9%, for BON cattle 5%, and for BON x HOL cattle 24%. The latter showed a reduction in the infection rate of 32% to the Holstein breed, which can be attributed to the presence of resistance genes in the BON breed. It was found that the level of infection is lower in BON x HOL cattle in contrast with Holstein dairy cows.

scholarly journals Does Pulmonary Embolism Differ Between Genders in Terms of Clinical, Laboratory Findings, Prognosis and Mortality?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damla Serçe Unat ◽  
Aysu Ayrancı ◽  
Gulru Polat ◽  
Gülistan Karadeniz ◽  
Fatma Demirci Üçsular ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
European Society Of Cardiology

INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a disease that mortal and hardly diagnosed. Since findings of PTE are nonspesific diagnosed can be so hard sometimes. Major risk factors are malignancy, immobility, previous surgery, thrombophilia, advanced age, and genetic factors. Studies on the relationship between gender and prognosis in PTE have very different results. In this study, we aimed to evaluate gender differences in terms of prognosis, intensive care admission, laboratory, and radiological tests. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 348 patients diagnosed with Acute PTE between January 2012 and December 2015. All of these patients were patients who applied to the emergency department of our center, which is a third step chest diseases hospital. We used the PTE guideline jointly designed by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) for prognosis classifications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 62.7, while the male patients were younger. Women's sPESI scores and mean ages were observed higher than men. Although women had more bad prognostic factors, no significant difference was found between both genders in terms of early mortality. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Although there is a difference between mean age and simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) scores; no difference in early mortality between men and women. Gender studies in PTE are an area that is open to new studies, since the studies conducted on this subject give quite different results and these results may affect the follow-up protocols.

scholarly journals Characterization of Anthocyanins in Sweet Potato Leaves Grown in Various Stages and Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 253-262
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Su ◽  
Zhenbao Jia ◽  
Fei Tao ◽  
Jiamin Shen ◽  
Jingwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Sweet Potato Leaves

Phytochemical-enriched edible greens, sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas L.), have become popular due to potential health benefits. However, the phytochemical contents in sweet potato leaves and their subsequent change over harvest stages and growth condition are mostly unknown. In this study, the anthocyanin profile and content in leaves of four sweet potato cultivars, i.e., white-skinned and white-fleshed Bonita, red-skinned and orange-fleshed Beauregard, red-skinned and white-fleshed Murasaki and purple-skinned and purple-fleshed P40, were evaluated. Fourteen anthocyanins were isolated and identified by HPLC-MSI/MS. The most abundant was cyanidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl sophoroside-5-glucoside, which comprised up to 20% of the total anthocyanins. Of the young leaves (1st and 2nd slip cuttings), Bonita contained the highest anthocyanin content followed by P40. Of the mature leaves (vine stage), Beauregard had the greatest anthocyanin (592.5 ± 86.4 mg/kg DW) and total phenolic (52.2 ± 3 mg GAE/g DW). It should be noted that the lowest anthocyanin and total phenolic content of shoots were found in P40, while tubers of P40 contain the highest content of each. Furthermore, the increase in leaf anthocyanin content over the growth stages that was observed in three of the cultivars but not in P40. No significant difference of anthocyanin content was found in Beauregard leaves grown in the high tunnels when compared with that in the open field. This study demonstrated for the first time that anthocyanin levels were significantly changed in response to various growth stages but not high tunnel condition, indicating that the effect of anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet potato leaves is highly variable and genotype specific.

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