GISH study of advanced generation of the interspecific hybrids between Allium cepa L. and Allium fistulosum L. with relative resistance to downy mildew

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Budylin ◽  
L. Yu. Kan ◽  
V. S. Romanov ◽  
L. I. Khrustaleva
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Advanced Generation

scholarly journals Cytological Evaluations of Advanced Generations of Interspecific Hybrids Between Allium cepa and Allium fistulosum Showing Resistance to Stemphylium vesicarium

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kudryavtseva ◽  
Michael J. Havey ◽  
Lowell Black ◽  
Peter Hanson ◽  
Pavel Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Molecular Classification ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Bulb Onion ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Disease Resistances ◽  
Interspecific Crossing

Interspecific crossing is a promising approach for introgression of valuable traits to develop cultivars with improved characteristics. Allium fistulosum L. possesses numerous pest resistances that are lacking in the bulb onion (Allium cepa L.), including resistance to Stemphylium leaf blight (SLB). Advanced generations were produced by selfing and backcrossing to bulb onions of interspecific hybrids between A. cepa and A. fistulosum that showed resistance to SLB. Molecular classification of the cytoplasm established that all generations possessed normal (N) male−fertile cytoplasm of bulb onions. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to study the chromosomal composition of the advanced generations and showed that most plants were allotetraploids possessing the complete diploid sets of both parental species. Because artificial doubling of chromosomes of the interspecific hybrids was not used, spontaneous polyploidization likely resulted from restitution gametes or somatic doubling. Recombinant chromosomes between A. cepa and A. fistulosum were identified, revealing that introgression of disease resistances to bulb onion should be possible.

Allium cepa L. Allium fistulosum L. Allium ramosum L. Allium sativum L. Amaryllidaceae

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana ◽  
Rainer W. Bussmann ◽  
Carolina Romero
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals The Power of Genomic in situ Hybridization (GISH) in Interspecific Breeding of Bulb Onion (Allium cepa L.) Resistant to Downy Mildew (Peronospora destructor [Berk.] Casp.)

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Khrustaleva ◽  
Majd Mardini ◽  
Natalia Kudryavtseva ◽  
Rada Alizhanova ◽  
Dmitry Romanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genomic In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Lethal Gene ◽  
Peronospora Destructor ◽  
Bulb Onion ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interspecific Breeding

We exploited the advantages of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) to monitor the introgression process at the chromosome level using a simple and robust molecular marker in the interspecific breeding of bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) that is resistant to downy mildew. Downy mildew (Peronospora destructor [Berk.] Casp.) is the most destructive fungal disease for bulb onions. With the application of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and previously developed DMR1 marker, homozygous introgression lines that are resistant to downy mildew were successfully produced in a rather short breeding time. Considering that the bulb onion is a biennial plant, it took seven years from the F1 hybrid production to the creation of S2BC2 homozygous lines that are resistant to downy mildew. Using GISH, it was shown that three progeny plants of S2BC2 possessed an A. roylei homozygous fragment in the distal region of the long arm of chromosomes 3 in an A. cepa genetic background. Previously, it was hypothesized that a lethal gene(s) was linked to the downy mildew resistance gene. With the molecular cytogenetic approach, we physically mapped more precisely the lethal gene(s) using the homozygous introgression lines that differed in the size of the A. roylei fragments on chromosome 3.

Screening and incorporation of rust resistance from Allium cepa into bunching onion (Allium fistulosum) via alien chromosome addition

Genome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadayuki Wako ◽  
Ken-ichiro Yamashita ◽  
Hikaru Tsukazaki ◽  
Takayoshi Ohara ◽  
Akio Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Chromosome Addition ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Alien Chromosome Addition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Bunching Onion

Bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.; 2n = 16), bulb onion (Allium cepa L. Common onion group), and shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) cultivars were inoculated with rust fungus, Puccinia allii, isolated from bunching onion. Bulb onions and shallots are highly resistant to rust, suggesting they would serve as useful resources for breeding rust resistant bunching onions. To identify the A. cepa chromosome(s) related to rust resistance, a complete set of eight A. fistulosum – shallot monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) were inoculated with P. allii. At the seedling stage, FF+1A showed a high level of resistance in controlled-environment experiments, suggesting that the genes related to rust resistance could be located on shallot chromosome 1A. While MAAL, multi-chromosome addition line, and hypoallotriploid adult plants did not exhibit strong resistance to rust. In contrast to the high resistance of shallot, the addition line FF+1A+5A showed reproducibly high levels of rust resistance.

Evaluation of a forecaster for downy mildew of onion (Allium cepa L.)

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Jesperson ◽  
J.C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals MOLECULAR HYBRIDIZATION STUDIES IN ALLIUM

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 435e-435
Author(s):  
Usha S. Kallemuchikkal ◽  
E.B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
High Identity

Total genomic DNA was isolated from study plants and was hybridized with 32P-labeled Allium fistulosum `Ishikura' genomic DNA; Southern blots were performed. Plant materials were Allium cepa `New Mexico Yellow Grano', the Allium fistulosum `Heshiko' and `Ishikura', and their F1 interspecific (Allium fistulosum × Allium cepa) hybrids. Sequences with high identity to the labeled DNA hybridized strongly (i.e., A. fistulosum `Ishikura' hybridized most strongly to itself, next with A. fistulosum `Heshiko'). The least hybridization was observed when A. fistulosum `Ishikura' was hybridized with A. cepa `New Mexico Yellow Grano'. Intensity of the signals observed when DNA of the F1 interspecific hybrids was probed with the `Ishikura' DNA was as expected, with the signals intermediate between those of A. fistulosum to A. fistulosum and A. fistulosum to A. cepa. A second study was performed to identify additional cytological markers in Allium. The 5srDNA and NOR genes from Triticum aestivum onto onion chromosomes using in situ hybridization. Evidence of hybridizations are the presence of fluorescing areas on the chromosomes.

scholarly journals Electrochemical quantification of chlorpyrifos in white (Allium cepa L.) and green (Allium fistulosum L.) onions Cuantificación voltamétrica de clorpirifos en cebolla de bulbo (Allium cepa L.) y cebolla de rama (Allium fistulosum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-243
Author(s):  
José Mauricio García Colmenares ◽  
Leidy Paola Páez Cepeda ◽  
Sandra Patricia Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Counter Electrode ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Linear Sweep Voltammetry ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Organophosphate Pesticide ◽  
Linear Sweep ◽  
Allium Cepa L

The Linear sweep voltammetry method (LSP) of a common pesticide such as chlorpyrifos (CP) an organophosphate pesticide (OPP) in white (Allium cepa L.) and green onions (Allium fistulosum L.) was investigated. A hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) Ag/AgCl was used as reference electrode and platinum as a counter electrode. The OPP was extracted from the onion through liquid-liquid partition using acetone/dichloromethane as the solvent. Validated method was compared with GC/ECD as a reference method. CP concentration was not different between the two analytical techniques; the analysis was performed with a confidence level of 90%, corresponding to the polarographic method. CP concentration was 0.8400 ± 0.062 ppm in Allium cepa and 0.062 ± 0.300 ppm in Allium fistulosum L. These values exceed the ADI and ARD values for chlorpyrifos established by current regulations.

scholarly journals Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with onion (Allium cepa L.) and Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Olczyk ◽  
Maria Pobożniak
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Welsh Onion ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Onion Cultivar ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thrips Population

AbstractWe determined the abundance, species composition, sex ratio and seasonal dynamics of thrips on one cultivar of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) and eight cultivars of onion (Allium cepa) in South Poland within three vegetation seasons (2014–2016). Nine species of Thysanoptera were identified on A. cepa and A. fistulosum. Irrespective of the onion cultivar, Thrips tabaci was the dominant species (64.4% of all collected thrips specimens), while Frankliniella intonsa also occurred in high numbers (28.3%). Conversely, Welsh onion was most often inhabited by F. intonsa (62.7%), although T. tabaci was also numerous (28.3%). The predatory Aeolothrips intermedius accounted for 4.5% on A. cepa and 2.9% on A. fistulosum. In the most numerous species, T. tabaci, F. intonsa and A. intermedius populations were formed mainly by females. The cultivar most colonised by thrips was Kroll of A. fistulosum. The tested cultivars of A. cepa demonstrated varying degrees of attractiveness to thrips in the subsequent years. The relationship between populations of T. tabaci, F. intonsa and A. intermedius changed in the subsequent months of the growing season. In June, mainly T. tabaci and F. intonsa occurred on onion plants, while from July, the percentage shares of F. intonsa and the predatory A. intermedius in the thrips population on many onion cultivars increased. The level of attractiveness of A. cepa related to onion thrips, which is reported as a main pest of onion, varies depending on the year and cultivar.

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