Maternal smoking habits are associated with differences in infants' long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in whole blood: a case-control study

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Agostoni ◽  
E Riva ◽  
M Giovannini ◽  
F Pinto ◽  
C Colombo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

Dietary and serum omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and PCOS: A matched case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Ling Lu ◽  
Xiaoqin Li ◽  
Lin Lv ◽  
Yao Xu ◽  
Baohua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Serum Phospholipids

Abstract The results of epidemiological studies involving omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are scarce. This matched case-control study assessed the associations between omega-3 PUFAs and PCOS prevalence in 325 pairs of PCOS cases and healthy controls. Dietary information was assessed using a 102-item food frequency questionnaire. Fatty acids in serum phospholipids were measured with a gas chromatography method. We found that omega-3 PUFAs in serum phospholipids were inversely associated with PCOS prevalence, including total, long-chain and individual PUFAs (e.g., docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)). Compared to the lowest tertile (T1), the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the highest tertile (T3) were 0.63 (0.40, 0.93) for total omega-3 PUFAs, 0.60 (0.38, 0.92) for long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, 0.68 (0.45, 1.01) for DHA, 0.70 (0.45, 1.05) for EPA and 0.72 (0.45, 1.08) for DPA. For dietary intake of omega-3 PUFAs, significant inverse associations were found only for long-chain omega-3 PUFAs (p trend = 0.001), EPA (p trend = 0.047) and DHA (p trend = 0.030). Both dietary and serum omega-3 PUFAs, mainly EPA and DPA, were negatively correlated with PCOS-related parameters, such as BMI, fasting insulin, total testosterone and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), but positively correlated with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). These results indicated inverse associations between omega-3 PUFAs, especially long-chain omega-3 PUFAs, and PCOS prevalence. Higher intakes of omega-3 PUFAs might be considered a protective factor for PCOS among Chinese females.

Role of SNPs of CPTIA and CROT genes in the carnitine-shuttle in coronary artery disease: a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-830
Author(s):  
Aslihan Demircan ◽  
Ender Coskunpinar ◽  
Deniz Kanca ◽  
Gulcin Ozkara ◽  
Fatih Yanar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract Objective Fatty acid β-oxidation defects can lead to difficulties at covering energy requirement of heart. The carnitine-shuttle is responsible for the transfering of long-chain fatty acids from the internal mitochondrial membrane. The role of genetic variants of the enzymes in the carnitine shuttle in coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been studied. Therefore, we performed a case-control study investigating the possible relation between the CPTIA-rs3019613 and CROT-rs2214930 gene variations located carnitine shuttle and CAD risk. Materials and methods Study groups were comprised of 96 CAD patients and 85 controls. CPTIA-rs3019613 G > A and CROT-rs2214930 T > C polymorphisms were determined by real-time-PCR. Results The CROT-rs2214930-CC genotype was found to be associated with decreased HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) in controls (p = 0.029). In patients with CPTIA-rs3019613-A allele, body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.016) and BMI threshold-value (p = 0.030) were found be higher compared to those with GG-genotype, while HDL-C threshold-value (HDL-C ≤ 0.90 mmol/L) was found to be lower (p = 0.015). Regression analysis confirmed CPTIA-rs3019613-A allele has a significant relationship with decreased HDL-C (p = 0.009) in patients. Conclusion Our study indicated that the polymorphisms of the CROT and CPTIA genes related to β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids had an important effect on serum HDL-C levels and may be a potential risk for CAD.

scholarly journals Serum Fatty Acids and Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma: A Population-Based Case-Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Vinceti ◽  
Carlotta Malagoli ◽  
Laura Iacuzio ◽  
Catherine M. Crespi ◽  
Sabina Sieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Melanoma Risk ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Control Study

Background. Some observational studies have suggested that excess dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid increases cutaneous melanoma risk. We aimed at examining the association between serum fatty acids and melanoma risk by conducting a population-based case-control study in a northern Italy community.Methods. The percentage composition of 12 fatty acids was determined in 51 newly diagnosed melanoma patients and 51 age- and sex-matched population controls by extracting total lipids from serum samples using thin layer and gas chromatography. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the relative risk of melanoma associated with tertiles of percentage composition of each fatty acid as well as groupings including saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.Results. We found a slightly increased melanoma risk for stearic and arachidic acids proportion, with and without adjustment for potential confounders. For an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, docosapentaenoic acid, we found a male-specific direct association with melanoma risk. No other associations emerged for the other saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, individually or grouped by type.Conclusions. These findings do not suggest a major role of fatty acids, including linoleic acid, on risk of cutaneous melanoma, though their evaluation is limited by the small sample size.

scholarly journals Opposing associations of serum n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with colorectal adenoma risk: An endoscopy-based case-control study

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (8) ◽  
pp. 1974-1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda K. Pot ◽  
Anouk Geelen ◽  
Else-Mariëtte B. van Heijningen ◽  
Christine L.E. Siezen ◽  
Henk J. van Kranen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adenoma Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract 15888: N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Erythrocyte Membranes and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Primary and Secondary Prevention

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
Martin J Vandenburgh ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
JoAnn E Manson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

Introduction: Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have anti-arrhythmic effects in experimental studies and blood levels of EPA + DHA, an objective marker of intake, have been associated with lower risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in healthy populations. However, data from observational studies and clinical trials of n-3 PUFAs in secondary prevention have been mixed. Methods: We conducted a nested, case-control study among individuals from 6 prospective cohort studies. RBC levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and DHA were measured in 442 cases of SCD and 852 controls matched on age, sex, race, smoking status, fasting status and prevalent and incident CVD using risk-set sampling. The Omega-3 Index was estimated as EPA + DHA. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) separately in each cohort. The RRs were combined using random effect meta-analyses and stratified by presence of absence of known CVD prior to SCD. Results: In this population, the mean age was 64 years, 51% were women and 41% had prior CVD. Higher EPA and DHA levels, as summarized by the Omega-3 Index, were associated with lower risk of SCD in the entire population (Table). Compared to the lowest quintile, the RR in the highest quintile of the Omega-3 Index was 0.40 (95%CI, 0.21-0.77; P, trend= 0.04). When stratified by history of prior CVD, this association was restricted to individuals without prior CVD (Table, P, trend = 0.03). Neither DPA nor ALA was associated with risk of SCD in those with or without CVD. Conclusions: In this prospective nested, case-control study, the inverse association between long-chain n-3 PUFAs and SCD was limited to individuals without prior CVD. These data suggest that the utility of n-3 PUFAs as markers of SCD and/or as preventative dietary supplements may be greater in a primary prevention population.

scholarly journals Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids and Coronary Heart Disease Risk: A Matched Case-Control Study within the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Liu ◽  
Nirupa R. Matthan ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
Barbara V. Howard ◽  
Lesley F. Tinker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

Background and Aims: The association of fatty acids with coronary heart disease (CHD) has been examined, mainly through dietary measurements, and has generated inconsistent results due to measurement error. Large observational studies and randomized controlled trials have shown that plasma phospholipid fatty acids (PL-FA), especially those less likely to be endogenously synthesized, are good biomarkers of dietary fatty acids. Thus, PL-FA profiles may better predict CHD risk with less measurement error. Methods: We performed a matched case-control study of 2428 postmenopausal women nested in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Plasma PL-FA were measured using gas chromatography and expressed as molar percentage (moL %). Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (95% CIs) for CHD associated with 1 moL % change in PL-FA. Results: Higher plasma PL long-chain saturated fatty acids (SFA) were associated with increased CHD risk, while higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were associated with decreased risk. No significant associations were observed for very-long-chain SFA, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), PUFA n-6 or trans fatty acids (TFA). Substituting 1 moL % PUFA n-6 or TFA with an equivalent proportion of PUFA n-3 were associated with lower CHD risk. Conclusions: Higher plasma PL long-chain SFA and lower PUFA n-3 were associated with increased CHD risk. A change in diet by limiting foods that are associated with plasma PL long-chain SFA and TFA while enhancing foods high in PUFA n-3 may be beneficial in CHD among postmenopausal women.

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