Gestational breast cancer: current challenges in staging and treatment of breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e235308
Author(s):  
Aimee Schad ◽  
Jessica Slostad ◽  
Ruta Rao
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Fetal Toxicity ◽  
Cancer In Pregnancy ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Current Guidelines

Gestational breast cancer (GBC) is the most common form of invasive cancer in pregnancy and has unique challenges in both staging and treatment given the dual goal of appropriate cancer management and minimising the risk of fetal toxicity. A 38-year-old woman with no significant medical history and 21 weeks pregnant presented with a palpable right breast mass. She was diagnosed with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive infiltrating ductal carcinoma with advanced disease. The patient underwent treatment; however, unfortunately, she passed away after developing devastating distant disease recurrence.We highlight both the challenges and current guidelines for management of GBC. Our goal is to discuss the current limitations of GBC management and the necessity of further investigation for safe novel imaging and treatment modalities for pregnant women. It is crucial to increase awareness across multiple subspecialities, as a multidisciplinary team is necessary for proper treatment of GBC.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HER-2 and Hormone Receptors and P53 Mutations in the Pathologic Specimens of Breast Cancer Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Abbas Mirmalek ◽  
Maryam Hajilou ◽  
Seyed Alireza Salimi Tabatabaee ◽  
Yekta Parsa ◽  
Soheila Yadollah-Damavandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
P53 Mutations ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Prognostic factors are in interest for breast cancer as the second cause of malignancy deaths. Some have predictive values as human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) and estrogen receptor (ER). To access the incidence of HER2 and its relations to other factors, like age, pathology, ER, progesterone receptor (PR), and P53, 2000 pathologic blocks from 2750 total samples have been selected from 2011 to 2013 in Cancer Institute of Tehran. Incidence of HER2, ER, PR, and P53 was; 58.5%, 33.4%, 43.3%, and 65.4%, respectively. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most pathologic type (82.2%) and 60%–70% positive HER2 and P53 had negative ER and PR (poor prognosis). The peak age of incidence of breast cancer was perimenopausal age group (46–55 years). Our cases had more positive HER2 and P53 and less positive PR and ER compared to other studies. High perimenopausal incidence as another finding assures the importance of breast cancer screening in these age groups.

What Is the Optimal Endocrine Therapy for Postmenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Early Breast Cancer?

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1391-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Tung
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Recurrence Score ◽  
Prescription Medication ◽  
Left Breast ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Recent Diagnosis

A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman with a recent diagnosis of breast cancer was referred to discuss adjuvant therapy. Annual screening mammogram demonstrated a suspicious mass in the left breast. Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy revealed an infiltrating ductal carcinoma that was estrogen receptor (ER) positive and progesterone receptor (PR) negative and lacked amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; ie, HER2 negative). She underwent excision and sentinel node evaluation. Pathology demonstrated a 1.9-cm grade 2 invasive cancer without lymphatic vascular invasion; clean margins were obtained, and both sentinel nodes were free of cancer. The 21-gene recurrence score was 16. She has a body mass index (BMI) of 28.5 but is otherwise healthy; levothyroxine is the only prescription medication she takes. She experienced vaginal spotting 2 years earlier because of an endometrial polyp, which was resected. She exercises regularly and takes a calcium supplement with vitamin D. Bone density study performed 6 months earlier was normal other than mild osteopenia in the femoral neck (T score, −1.3). Radiation therapy is planned

scholarly journals Hormonal Receptors, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 and Triple Negative Immunohistochemical Typing of Women Breast Cancer in Kampala, Uganda.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela T Mlole ◽  
James Yahaya ◽  
Emmanuel Othieno ◽  
Sam Kalungi ◽  
Livex A Okwi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Human Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Abstract Background: The expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 has been reported to have invaluable prognostic role. This study aimed at determining the expression ER, PR and HER2 in women with breast cancer in Kampala, Uganda.Methods: Expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) was determined immunohistochemically. Logistic regression was performed to determine the effect of the independent factors in predicting the risk of not expressing the breast markers. A two-tailed p<0.05 was regarded to be statistically significant.Results: ER, PR and HER2 were expressed in 53.4%, 46.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Co-expression of ER and PR and triple negative breast cancer was present in 42.7% and 37.9%, respectively. Age was an independent predictor of expression of ER (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.062-0.541, p = 0.002), PR (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.129-0.968, p = 0.043).Conclusion: Majority of patients in this study had less than 50 years and the majority of them had infiltrating ductal carcinoma of no special type with grade 2. Age predicted independently the expression of both ER and PR in our study.

scholarly journals Ki-67 as a Prognostic Biomarker in Invasive Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Davey ◽  
Sean O. Hynes ◽  
Michael J. Kerin ◽  
Nicola Miller ◽  
Aoife J. Lowery
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Proliferation Indices ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Breast Cancer Management

The advent of molecular medicine has transformed breast cancer management. Breast cancer is now recognised as a heterogenous disease with varied morphology, molecular features, tumour behaviour, and response to therapeutic strategies. These parameters are underpinned by a combination of genomic and immunohistochemical tumour factors, with estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor (PgR) status, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) status, Ki-67 proliferation indices, and multigene panels all playing a contributive role in the substratification, prognostication and personalization of treatment modalities for each case. The expression of Ki-67 is strongly linked to tumour cell proliferation and growth and is routinely evaluated as a proliferation marker. This review will discuss the clinical utility, current pitfalls, and promising strategies to augment Ki-67 proliferation indices in future breast oncology.

Recent Advances on Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor as a Molecular Target for Breast Cancer Therapeutics

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi R. Shetty ◽  
Ragini Yeeravalli ◽  
Tanya Bera ◽  
Amitava Das
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Type I ◽  
Egfr Inhibition ◽  
Epidermal Growth

: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a type-I transmembrane protein with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity is activated by peptide growth factors such as EGF, epigen, amphiregulin, etc. EGFR plays a vital role in regulating cell growth, migration, and differentiation in various tissue-specific cancers. It has been reported to be overexpressed in lung, head, and neck, colon, brain, pancreatic, and breast cancer that trigger tumor progression and drug resistance. EGFR overexpression alters the signaling pathway and induces cell division, invasion, and cell survival. Our prior studies demonstrated that EGFR inhibition modulates chemosensitivity in breast cancer stem cells thereby serving as a potential drug target for breast cancer mitigation. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (Lapatinib, Neratinib) and monoclonal antibodies (Trastuzumab) targeting EGFR have been developed and approved by the US FDA for clinical use against breast cancer. This review highlights the critical role of EGFR in breast cancer progression and enumerates the various approaches being undertaken to inhibit aggressive breast cancers by suppressing the downstream pathways. Further, the mechanisms of action of potential molecules at various stages of drug development as well as clinically approved drugs for breast cancer treatment are illustrated.

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