Exclusion of suspect data raises question mark over safety of common plasma substitute

As per Economic Survey of Punjab, (2019-20), Punjab alone contributed more than 1/4 and 1/3 of the central pool of rice and th rd wheat respectively in 2018-19 and accordingly named as bread-basket of India. However, such a huge contribution was due to the structural transformation of agriculture in Punjab under the Green Revolution. Such transformation leads to intensive use of natural resources with mono-culture of wheat-paddy till today, which put a big question mark on the sustainability issue of agriculture in Punjab. The present study was exclusively based on secondary data, covering the period of 1965-66 to 2018-2019, almost 55 years. Hirschman Herfindhal index and Simpson Diversity index were used to determine the extent of concentration and diversification in the cropping pattern of Punjab agriculture. The results highlight the facts that level of diversification was declining and the level of concentration was increasing. Moreover, Compound Growth Rate (CGR) of yield was either stagnating or declining over the years. Not only this, based on the index of agriculture production, the trend values were negative since the 21 century. Accordingly, st intensive agricultural practices should be stopped, and diversification should get priority in such a way that food security is not jeopardized.

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Observational study on Barium Meal X-Ray in clinically diagnosed cases of Parinama Shoola

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v1i2.3659 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Mahamad Yunus ◽

KM Shailaja Singh ◽

Suvarna Bhagavat ◽

Arun Kumar Singh ◽

Manish Kumar

Keyword(s):

Medical Science ◽

Duodenal Bulb ◽

Barium Meal ◽

Vital Role ◽

Question Mark ◽

X Ray ◽

System Disease ◽

Mucosal Erosion ◽

Meal Time ◽

The Mind

Parinama Shoola is a disease of Annavaha Srotas (GIT) characterized by pain during digestion of food which tormates the process after every meal time and source of constant discomfort. It is a Pitta Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi. Based on subjective features most of the Ayurvedic scholars considered as peptic ulcer, one of the most common digestive system disease rise due to the faulty diet and habits. Hence in the field of gastroenterology diagnosis and management of shoola plays a vital role. The present era is an era of new inventions and the modern medical science has stuck the mind of all by its day to day developments. It is true that modern medical science has grown up considerably; still it has to face a big question mark in so far as some miserable problems are concerned. The problem selected for this work is one among them. Considering the solemnity and incidence of the disease, the present study was aimed to observe barium meal X-ray findings in clinically diagnosed cases of Parinama Shoola to evaluate objective features for Parinama Shoola. It was observed that among 60 patients of Parinama Shoola, 30% were having deformed duodenal bulb, in 25% duodenal cap is deformed with mucosal erosion and 13.3% had duodenal ulcer found with ulcer crater in upper GI barium meal X-ray.

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Should we regard question-based media headlines as clickbait?

English Today ◽

10.1017/s0266078421000201 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Brian Poole

Keyword(s):

Question Mark ◽

Link Type ◽

Wh Questions

In an article published a little over a decade ago (Betteridge, 2009), the journalist Ian Betteridge offered some scathing comments about a piece published a few days earlier in TechCrunch by Erick Schonfeld (Schonfeld, 2009). Amongst other things, Betteridge suggested that the headline concerned (‘Did Last.fm Just Hand Over User Listening Data to the RIAA?’) was ‘a great demonstration of my maxim that any headline which ends in a question mark can be answered by the word “no”.’ Readers of English Today will realise immediately that this ‘maxim’ cannot possibly be watertight as expressed by Betteridge, since only polar questions can be answered with a ‘yes’ or ‘no’. For example, WH-questions (Quirk & Greenbaum, 1973: 196) such as ‘Who opened my letter?’ and ‘How long have you been waiting?’ obviously cannot be responded to in any sensible way with a simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’. Furthermore, it is not difficult to find media headlines taking the form of non-polar questions: for example, “What would a no-deal Brexit mean for business?” (O'Dwyer et.al., 2020).

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“Economics in Command?” Ideology and Policy Since the Third Plenum, 1978–1984

The China Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0305741000017124 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 417-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Stuart R. Schram

Keyword(s):

Policy Making ◽

Question Mark ◽

The Third ◽

The Past ◽

Great Leap ◽

Current Trends

In this article, I shall attempt to give an overview of the most important political and ideological developments during the past six years, and in this context, to assess current trends in China. The three-word title is, of course, deliberately modelled on the Great Leap slogan “Politics in command”, and is intended to evoke the problem of whether or not policy-making since 1978 has been largely shaged by economic realities, and/or by the economic goals of the, leadership I have placed a question mark after it because, though I shall certainly express some opinions on this topic before I have done, I doubt that the issue can as yet be regarded as finally settled.

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Suppression of stochastic pulsation in laser–plasma interaction by smoothing methods

Laser and Particle Beams ◽

10.1017/s0263034600007035 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 177-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Aydin ◽

H. Hora

Keyword(s):

Laser Plasma ◽

Fusion Energy ◽

Laser Interaction ◽

Direct Drive ◽

Question Mark ◽

Plasma Interaction ◽

Laser Plasma Interaction ◽

Smoothing Methods ◽

Plasma Corona ◽

Interaction Problem

Smoothing of laser-plasma interaction by ISI, RPP, SSD, etc. was mainly directed to overcome lateral nonuniformity of irradiation. While these problems are in no way less important, we derived numerically the model of the Laue rippling and hydrorelaxation model for explanation of the measured temporal pulsation in the 10- to 40-ps range and how the smoothing schemes suppress these pulsations. The partial standing wave fields of the normally coherent laser-irradiated plasma corona is then suppressed by smoothing and conclusion for tests for this model, e.g., by the “question mark experiment” is given. The result provides a physics solution of the laser interaction problem for direct-drive inertial fusion energy

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Imaging the Subsurface: How Different Visualizations of Cross-sections Affect the Sense of Uncertainty

Journal of Geovisualization and Spatial Analysis ◽

10.1007/s41651-020-00071-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ane Bang-Kittilsen ◽

Terje Midtbø

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Open Data ◽

Question Mark ◽

Reference Information ◽

Geological Information ◽

Crucial Information ◽

Set Up ◽

Web Experiment ◽

The Right ◽

Visualization Techniques

AbstractGeologists struggle to communicate the uncertainty that arise when mapping and interpreting the geological subsurface. Today, open data sharing policies make new value of geological information possible for a broader user group of non-experts. It is crucial to develop standard methods for visualizing uncertainty to increase the usability of geological information. In this study, a web experiment was set up to analyze whether and how different design choices influence the sense of uncertainty. Also, questions about the intuitiveness of symbols were asked. Two-hundred ten participants from different countries completed the experiment, both experts and non-experts in geology. Traditional visualization techniques in geology, like dashed lines, dotted lines and question mark, were tested. In addition, other visualizations were tested, such as hatched area and variations of symbol size, zoom levels and reference information. The results show that design choices have an impact on the participants’ assessment of uncertainty. The experts inquire about crucial information if it is not present. The results also suggest that when visualizing uncertainty, all the elements in the representation, and specifically the line and area symbols that delineate and colour the features, must work together to make the right impression.

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EXUDATIVE ENTEROPATHY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.24.4.521 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 521-522

Author(s):

ROBERT A. ULSTROM

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

Plasma Protein ◽

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Direct Methods ◽

Common Finding ◽

Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽

Plasma Substitute ◽

Patient Reported

Loss of plasma protein into the gastrointestinal tract in the absence of actual bleeding has recently been demonstrated as a cause of "idiopathic hypoproteinemia." The euphonious name, "exudative enteropathy," has been used by Gordon to describe a group of nine patients, including a 2-year-old boy, whose common finding was hypoproteinemia due to loss of plasma protein into the gastrointestinal tract. A concomitant report by Schwartz and Jarnum confirms the association of these events in four additional patients. Although the first such patient reported had quantities of plasma protein present in the gastric juice sufficient to allow their demonstration by electrophoresis, the rapid digestion of the proteins by the enzymes normally present in the gastrointestinal tract has required the use of less direct methods in most of the subsequent cases. Using a preparation of I131-labelled polyvinyl pyrrolidone (a plasma substitute with average molecular weight the same as serum albumin) Gordon has devised a test that avoids the problems created by the gastrointestinal digestion of protein.

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Absent Subjects and Empty Centers: Eichendorff's Romantic Phantasmagoria and Schumann's Liederkreis, Op. 39

19th-Century Music ◽

10.1525/ncm.2017.40.3.201 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 201-222

Author(s):

Benedict Taylor

Keyword(s):

Extreme Case ◽

Literary Production ◽

Prose Fiction ◽

Question Mark ◽

Loss Of Self ◽

Aesthetic Understanding ◽

Subjective Identity ◽

Vacant Space

A recurring theme in the reception of Schumann's Eichendorff Liederkreis is the question mark over its sense of narrative continuity and the presence (or otherwise) of a central protagonist. Up until now, however, scarcely any attempt has been made to view these features in the context of Eichendorff's wider literary production. This article proposes applying an Eichendorffian aesthetic to Schumann's op. 39, viewing its phantasmagoric interconnections, absence of clear narrative order, sense of temporal dislocation and persistent theme of the loss of self as profoundly reflecting the concerns of Eichendorff's prose fiction. Neither the view that Schumann's cycle does possess a unified narrative and central protagonist, nor the converse, that it should be seen as a disparate group of songs, is adequate. Instead, it is the tension between the two views that emerges as crucial in coming to an aesthetic understanding of the cycle. Schumann's procedure, in juxtaposing a number of poems drawn from disparate works, presents an extreme case whereby narrative and subjective identity are put to the test, and the listener is invited to fill the vacant space left by the withdrawal of a unifying subject with his or her own sense of subjectivity.

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