scholarly journals Accelerated gastric emptying is associated with improved aspiration efficiency in obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000273
Author(s):  
Eric J Vargas ◽  
Andrew C Storm ◽  
Fateh Bazerbachi ◽  
Barham K Abu Dayyeh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Aspiration Efficiency ◽  
Overall Effectiveness

BackgroundThe overall effectiveness of aspiration therapy (AT) for obesity relies on optimal aspiration timing after a meal, which can vary depending on a patient’s rate of gastric emptying (GE). Our aim was to identify if baseline GE rates were associated with differences in aspiration efficiency (AE).MethodsSubjects from an ongoing AT clinical trial were enrolled in this study. AE was calculated as the absolute gastric residual and calories aspirated at 20 and 40 min. Participants were then divided by baseline GE rate into two groups (slow vs fast). Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare AE at 20 and 40 min between the groups. Exploratory linear regression was used to assess relationship between GE and AE.Results7 patients (85% female) were coenrolled in the study. Mean age and body mass index were 39.8±9.44 and 43±5, respectively. AE did not significantly differ between the 20 and 40 min time points for the group as a whole (34.3% vs 36.9%; p>0.5). However, those with fast GE aspirated more calories than those with slow GE (20 min: 200 kcal vs 72.5 kcal; 40 min: 154 kcal vs 63 kcal) (p=0.05). On linear regression, delayed GE was associated with poorer aspiration (20 min: β=−107 calories; p=0.019; R2=0.7). 4/7 patients had significant differences in residual/caloric aspiration across the two time points.ConclusionPatients undergoing AT may benefit from a GE test to optimise their AE. Paradoxically faster GE times saw better aspiration. Prospective studies are revealing a personalised approach to obesity.

Enrolling Caregivers in Obesity Interventions to Improve Obesity-Related Outcomes in Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110370
Author(s):  
Hannah Bessette ◽  
MinKyoung Song ◽  
Karen S. Lyons ◽  
Sydnee Stoyles ◽  
Christopher S. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Weight Loss Programs ◽  
Obesity Interventions

In this study, we assessed the influences of change in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/sedentary time (ST) of caregivers participating in a commercial weight-loss program on their children’s change in MVPA/ST. Data from 29 caregivers and their children were collected over 8 weeks. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations of changes in caregiver’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST and changes in their child’s percent of time spent in MVPA/ST. For caregivers that decreased body mass index (BMI) over 8 weeks, changes in caregivers’ MVPA was strongly associated with the change in children’s MVPA (β = 2.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 4.77]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.24 [–2.16, 2.64]). Changes in caregivers’ ST was strongly associated with changes in children’s ST (β = 2.42 [1.02, 3.81]) compared to caregivers who maintained/increased BMI (β = 0.35 [–0.45, 1.14]). Findings reinforce encouraging caregivers to enroll in weight-loss programs for the benefit of their children as well as for themselves.

Relationship between hypoglycaemia, body mass index and quality of life among patients with type 1 diabetes: Observations from the DEPICT clinical trial programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-865
Author(s):  
Jason Gordon ◽  
Lee Beresford‐Hulme ◽  
Hayley Bennett ◽  
Amarjeet Tank ◽  
Christopher Edmonds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Trial Programme

scholarly journals Can Body Mass Index Affect Height Growth at Menarche among Girls Receiving Treatment for Early Puberty? A Retrospective Study in Korean Girls

Children ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Sun-Jin Lee ◽  
Sun-Young Kim ◽  
Minsun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Early Puberty ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Height Gain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) therapy is used to control puberty progression and it preserves height potential in patients with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). This study evaluated the correlation between weight and height gain at menarche following GnRHa treatment among girls with ICPP and relatively central early puberty (EP). We investigated height/weight trends and changes in height from diagnosis to menarche in girls with ICPP and EP treated with GnRHa. The mean difference in height (Δheight) from treatment cessation to menarche was 9.79 ± 3.53 cm. Girls were divided into girls with Δheight ≥ 9.79 cm (Group 1) and girls with Δheight < 9.79 cm (Group 2). Although near adult height was significantly higher in Group 1, the mean body mass index (BMI) and weight were significantly lower at diagnosis, treatment discontinuation, and menarche. The BMI and weight at the three time points were negatively correlated with height. Girls with higher BMI at all three time points had slower growth rates during the study period. Considering that BMI and body weight were closely related to Δheight, proper management of BMI and body weight of girls receiving early puberty treatment might contribute to growth during and after GnRHa treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Weekly Patterns of Caloric Intake and Reported Weight Loss Outcomes: Retrospective Cohort Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hill ◽  
Brian W Weir ◽  
Laura W Fuentes ◽  
Alicia Garcia-Alvarez ◽  
Danya P Anouti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Body Mass Index Category ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Weight Loss Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Although millions of overweight and obese adults use mobile phone apps for weight loss, little is known about the predictors of success. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between weight loss outcomes and weekly patterns of caloric intake among overweight and obese adults using a mobile phone app for weight loss. METHODS We examined the relationship between weekly patterns of caloric intake and weight loss outcomes among adults who began using a weight loss app in January 2016 and continued consistent use for at least 5 months (N=7007). Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the predictors of percentage of bodyweight lost for women and men separately, including age, body mass index category, weight loss plan, and difference in daily calories consumed on weekend days (Saturday and Sunday) versus Monday. RESULTS In adjusted linear regression, percentage of bodyweight lost was significantly associated with age (for women), body mass index (for men), weight loss plan, and differences in daily caloric intake on Mondays versus weekend days. Compared with women consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those who consumed 50 to 250 calories more on weekend days or those with balanced consumption (±50 calories) lost 1.64% more and 1.82% more bodyweight, respectively. Women consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 1.35% more and 3.58% more bodyweight, respectively. Compared with men consuming at least 500 calories more on weekend days than on Mondays, those consuming 250 to 500 calories or more than 500 calories more on Mondays than on weekend days lost 2.27% and 3.42% less bodyweight, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Consistent caloric intake on weekend days and Mondays or consuming slightly fewer calories per day on Mondays versus weekend days was associated with more successful weight loss. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03136692; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03136692 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6y9JvHya4)

scholarly journals Left Atrial Deformation And Risk of Transient Ischemic Attack And Stroke In Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
Changsheng Ma ◽  
Xin Du ◽  
Yihua He
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Chamber View

Abstract Left atrial (LA) remodeling is closely related to cerebral stroke, but the relationship between impaired deformability of LA in early stages and stroke/TIA is not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of LA deformability and its relationship with stroke/TIA events by using Speckle Tracking echocardiography. In 365 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) (318, Non stroke/TIA; 47, stroke/TIA), comprehensive echocardiography was performed by using speckle tracking imaging to calculate mean LA longitudinal strain and strain rate values from apical four chamber view, apical two chamber view and apical three cavity view. The patients in stroke/TIA group had greater ages, a greater proportion of men and lower LA strain rate during left ventricular (LV) early diastole (SRE), and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05). In the univariate linear regression analysis, the following clinical and conventional echocardiographic parameters each had a significant linear correlation with SRE(p<0.001), they were E/A ratio, LA volume index, body mass index, mean E/e′, LV ejection fraction, age, proportion of hypertension. Through a multiple linear regression analysis, the results show that there is a linear dependence between SRE and E/A ratio, LA volume index and Body mass index. The regression equation is y=-1.430-0.394X1+0.012X2+0.019X3(p<0.001) (y,SRE; X1,E/A ratio; X2,LA volume index; X3,Body mass index).In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, SRE and Sex ratio were independently risk factors stroke/TIA. (SRE, OR 2.945, 95% CI 1.092-7.943, p= 0.033; Sex, OR 0.462, 95% CI 0.230-0.930, p = 0.031)In patients with paroxysmal AF, SRE could reflect the impaired deformability of LA in early stages, and it was associated with the risk of stroke/TIA.

scholarly journals The effects of steamed ginger ethanolic extract on weight and body fat loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Hyun Park ◽  
Su-Jin Jung ◽  
Eun-Kyung Choi ◽  
Ki-Chan Ha ◽  
Hyang-Im Baek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Fat Loss

Abstract Steamed ginger ethanolic extract (SGE) is a product with a high 6-shogaol contents and is thought to be more potent than other ginger products. We conducted a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine the effects of SGE on weight and body fat loss. Eighty healthy obese participants were recruited and randomly divided into the SGE and placebo groups. The outcome measures comprised indicators of efficacy (body weight, body mass index, body composition, and blood markers) and safety. Following the supplementation period, mean body weight, body mass index, and body fat level were significantly lower in the SGE group than in the placebo group. No clinically significant changes were observed for any safety parameter. These results suggest that SGE is a potent anti-obesity agent that does not cause significant side effects. Therefore, SGE supplementation combined with lifestyle modification could be effective in the management of body weight and fat mass.

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